title: Glycopyrronium requirements for antagonism of the muscarinic side effects of edrophonium.
abstract: We have compared, in 60 adult patients, the cardiovascular effects of glycopyrronium 5 micrograms kg-1 and 10 micrograms kg-1 given either simultaneously or 1 min before edrophonium 1 mg kg-1. Significant differences between the four groups were detected (P less than 0.001). Both groups receiving 10 micrograms kg-1 showed increases in heart rate of up to 30 beat min-1 (95% confidence limits 28-32 beat min-1). Use of glycopyrronium 5 micrograms kg-1 provided greater cardiovascular stability and, given 1 min before the edrophonium, was sufficient to minimize early, edrophonium-induced bradycardias. This low dose of glycopyrronium provided good control of oropharyngeal secretions.
authors.affiliation: Anaesthetic Unit, London Hospital Medical College.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dodd
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Goldhill
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: MacLeod
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Withington
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Yate
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004491:Edrophonium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005260:Female; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000187:drug effects; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011759:Pyrrolidines; D004491:Edrophonium; D006024:Glycopyrrolate