A comparison of the long-term and short-term regulations of tyrosine hydroxylase activity.
The activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis, increases in postganglionic sympathetic neurons following electrical stimulation of their afferent preganglionic input. Two types of changes in enzyme activity occur: an acute increase and a delayed and long-lasting increase. The pharmacological mechanisms involved in these transsynaptic effects and the biochemical mechanisms underlying the changes in tyrosine hydroxylase activity are discussed.
Zigmond
R E
RE
Center for Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000201:enzymology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*
D002395:Catecholamines; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D000109:Acetylcholine