Antidepressant withdrawal syndromes: phenomenology and pathophysiology.
The literature reporting signs and symptoms produced by the abrupt or gradual withdrawal of antidepressants is reviewed. Patients with antidepressant withdrawal syndromes are presented and principles governing their care are highlighted. Finally, the author summarizes evidence that antidepressant-induced supersensitivity of central and peripheral muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms may account for commonly observed antidepressant withdrawal phenomena.
Dilsaver
S C
SC
Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus.
D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects; D012008:Recurrence; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic