title: Recurrent typhlitis. A disease resulting from aggressive chemotherapy.
abstract: Neutropenic typhlitis is a frequently fatal disease most commonly reported in leukemics. The authors have treated eight such patients over the last 18 months. All patients had abdominal pain and sepsis during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. CT scanning was diagnostic in six patients thought to have typhlitis. Two patients were not diagnosed before exploratory laparotomy. The authors have found nonoperative treatment highly effective in patients who do not manifest signs of peritonitis, perforation, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or clinical deterioration. Recurrent typhlitis was frequent after conservative therapy (recurrence rate, 67 percent), however. One patient underwent an elective right hemicolectomy after a second episode, and typhlitis did not recur despite neutropenia associated with a subsequent course of chemotherapy. It is concluded that successful treatment of this disease hinges on: 1) early diagnosis provided by a high index of suspicion and the use of CT scanning, 2) nonoperative treatment for uncomplicated cases, and 3) elective right hemicolectomy to prevent recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Keidan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fanning
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gatenby
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Weese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002429:Cecal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D007938:Leukemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents