title: An evaluation of Gambusia affinis and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis as mosquito control agents in California wild rice fields.
abstract: The mosquito control potential of the mosquitofish and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) were evaluated in experimental wild rice fields in Lake County, California. Fields were assigned one of six treatment: control, 1.1 kg/ha G. affinis, 3.4 kg/ha G. affinis, Bti only (6 kg/ha Vectobac granules), 1.1 kg/ha G. affinis plus Bti and 3.4 kg/ha G. affinis plus Bti. Gambusia affinis, at both release rates, significantly reduced the mosquito population at densities exceeding 100 fish/minnow trap. Treatments with Bti significantly reduced larval population; however, the populations in the fields without fish rebounded to pretreatment levels within two weeks. In fields stocked with G. affinis and treated with Bti, populations remained low after Bti treatment. Nontarget populations of arthropods were significantly lower in fields stocked with G. affinis than in fields without fish on one or more sampling dates.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Control, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Colwell
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D002140:California; D009033:Culicidae; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes; D004463:Ecology; D007814:Larva; D012275:Oryza; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D006109:Poaceae; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012621:Seasons; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water