title: Effect of novobiocin on the antitumor activity and tumor cell and bone marrow survivals of three alkylating agents.
abstract: Our previous in vitro studies demonstrated marked synergy with alkylating agents when novobiocin was present during and after alkylating agent exposure. To determine whether this effect is observed in vivo, novobiocin was administered daily for 3 days prior to alkylating agent treatment, during alkylating agent treatment, and for 2 days after completion of alkylating agent treatment. When combined with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, or cyclophosphamide, there was significant enhancement of the growth delay of the FSaIIC fibrosarcoma implanted s.c. in C3H mice when compared with alkylating agents alone. In a second assay using ex vivo studies of tumor cells exposed in vivo, single doses of 100 mg/kg of novobiocin followed by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) resulted in a 3- to 4-fold increase in tumor cell killing by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II). At a dose of 100 mg/kg of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea there was about a 7-fold increase in tumor cell kill upon addition of novobiocin. Cyclophosphamide showed a dose response effect with novobiocin, reaching 13-fold at a dose of 300 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide. In all cases bone marrow elements were affected less than were neoplastic cells, suggesting that the combination of novobiocin and alkylating agents may be a clinically useful strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Teicher
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Cathcart
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Schnipper
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frei
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009675:Novobiocin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D009675:Novobiocin; C055423:didimethylsulfoxide dichloroplatinum(II); D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002330:Carmustine