title: Effects of halothane and enflurane on conduction velocity and maximum rate of rise of action potential upstroke in guinea pig papillary muscles.
abstract: Using standard microelectrode techniques, the effects of halothane and enflurane on the maximum rate of rise of action potential upstroke (Vmax) and conduction velocity of excitation were compared with those of fast sodium channel blockers in isolated guinea pig papillary muscles. Lidocaine and tetrodotoxin decreased the square of the conduction velocity in proportion to the decrease in Vmax. In contrast, halothane and enflurane only slightly affected Vmax, but decreased the conduction velocity in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that these volatile anesthetics affect conduction velocity by a mechanism different from that of fast sodium channel blockers. Caution should be used when these anesthetics are administered to patients receiving class 1 antiarrhythmic agents or who have pre-existing intraventricular conduction disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kemmotsu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanno
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D004737:Enflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D004737:Enflurane; D008012:Lidocaine; D006221:Halothane