title: Diagnosis and management of ventricular dysphonia.
abstract: Ventricular phonation may develop on a functional level, or it may occur as an alternative voice for the patient who has an organic disease of the true vocal folds. Three cases that represent iatrogenic, traumatic, and neurologic forms of the disorder are reported. Diagnosis, treatment, and guidelines for follow-up speech therapy are discussed.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Von Hake
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Ganzman
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Mauer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D013070:Speech Therapy; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy