title: Effect of sodium nitroprusside on spinal cord perfusion and paraplegia during aortic cross-clamping.
abstract: To evaluate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on hemodynamics, cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, and neurological outcome after 30 minutes of thoracic aortic occlusion, we monitored proximal and distal blood pressure, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, spinal cord blood flow, and somatosensory evoked potentials. In group 1 (n = 6), no attempts were made to control proximal hypertension, whereas in group 2 (n = 6), proximal blood pressure was controlled with intravenous infusion of SNP. There was no significant difference in proximal or distal blood pressure or cerebrospinal fluid pressure between the two groups at baseline. During the crossclamp interval, the mean proximal aortic pressure rose from 108 +/- 21 to 146 +/- 14 mm Hg (p less than 0.001) in the control group, whereas the mean blood pressure in the SNP group was maintained at 99.8 +/- 12 mm Hg (p = not significant compared with baseline blood pressure). Mean distal aortic pressure decreased from systemic values to 23 +/- 7 mm Hg in control animals and to 11 +/- 5 mm Hg in the SNP group (p less than 0.005). In the latter group, cerebrospinal fluid pressure increased significantly from 10.6 +/- 1.9 to 20.1 +/- 5.5 mm Hg (p less than 0.005). In animals receiving SNP, spinal cord blood flow was decreased in the lower spinal cord segments and increased in the upper cord segments. When compared with controls, this difference did not reach significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11219.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Grubbs
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Toporoff
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Woloszyn
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Coons
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Acinapura
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015170:Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003250:Constriction; D004285:Dogs; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000187:drug effects; D005292:Ferricyanides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005292:Ferricyanides; D009599:Nitroprusside