title: Experimental and field sulfaquinoxaline toxicosis in Leghorn chickens.
abstract: Mortality of 47% occurred in a commercial flock of 20-week-old leghorn pullets treated with 0.05% sulfaquinoxaline in the feed. The drug was given for 2-3 days, removed for 2 days, and fed again for 2-3 days. Gross lesions consisted of disseminated hemorrhages, bone marrow pallor, a variety of changes suggesting septicemia, and overwhelming bacterial infection. Experimental feeding of sulfaquinoxaline at 0.05% in the feed at a schedule of 3 days on, 3 days off, and 2 days on successfully reproduced the essential features and gross lesions of the field toxicosis. Mortalities of 32.5% and 43.5% were observed in sulfaquinoxaline-treated groups. A high incidence of gangrenous dermatitis occurred in chickens with the experimental toxicosis, but it was not observed in the field case.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Davis.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Daft
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bickford
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hammarlund
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D005260:Female; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D013424:Sulfanilamides / Q000506:poisoning*; D013428:Sulfaquinoxaline / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D013424:Sulfanilamides; D013428:Sulfaquinoxaline