title: Patterns of uterine contractions and prolonged uterine activity using three methods of breast stimulation for contraction stress tests.
abstract: The contraction patterns in 378 breast-stimulated contraction stress tests administered to 213 women are described. The subjects were assigned sequentially to one of four intervention groups: bilateral manual breast massage, unilateral pump stimulation, heating pad stimulation, and placebo. There was a marked increase in the proportion of tests with three to four contractions in 5-minute intervals after the interventions occurred. Twenty-five percent of all tests showed prolonged uterine activity, occurring most frequently in women with postdate gestations using manual massage or breast pump stimulation. The duration of prolonged contractions ranged from 1.5-8 minutes, with 19% lasting from 4.5-8 minutes. There was no difference in the incidence of fetal heart rate abnormalities between tests with and without prolonged uterine activity, and no late decelerations occurred in tests with tachysystole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Resnick
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rimer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hisley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D014590:Uterine Contraction