title: Enhanced dopamine synthesis and release in vitro in the median eminence of rat hypothalamus are associated with involution of estradiol-induced pituitary tumors.
abstract: Changes in the functions of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurons were investigated during the period when the involution of estradiol-induced PRL-secreting pituitary tumors was occurring. Dopamine synthesis and release in vitro by TIDA neurons were determined by 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) accumulation in the median eminence and endogenous dopamine release from the median eminence, respectively. Three weeks after a single injection of 2 mg estradiol valerate into ovariectomized rats, there was a marked increase in the weight of anterior pituitaries and the concentration of serum PRL, but a decrease in K+-induced DOPA accumulation in vitro in the median eminence. Twelve weeks after estradiol treatment, by which time pituitary weights and PRL concentrations declined considerably, K+-induced DOPA accumulation in the median eminence rose 5-fold compared to that in control animals. This change in DOPA accumulation persisted for 24 weeks. Increases were observed at 12 weeks in K+-induced as well as basal and (Bu)2cAMP-induced DOPA accumulation in the median eminence. The increases in basal and (Bu2cAMP-induced DOPA accumulation were not altered by Ca2+ removal from medium. In parallel to the changes in DOPA accumulation, basal and K+-induced release in vitro of dopamine from the median eminence into the medium were decreased 3 weeks after estradiol treatment, but increased at 12 and, in part, 24 weeks. The increases in basal and K+-induced dopamine release were observed even after Ca2+ removal from medium. These results suggest that basal, extracellular Ca2+-dependent, and cAMP-dependent dopamine synthesis as well as basal and depolarization-induced dopamine release in TIDA neurons are stimulated during the period of involution of pituitary tumors associated with estradiol withdrawal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008473:Median Eminence / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; D004298:Dopamine