title: Nicardipine reduces ischemic brain injury. Magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy study in cats.
abstract: We investigated whether the calcium channel entry blocker nicardipine would reduce ischemic brain damage in barbiturate-anesthetized cats subjected to permanent unilateral occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The evolution of cerebral injury was assessed in vivo in 24 cats by a combination of proton magnetic resonance imaging and phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy for 5 hours following occlusion. Immediately thereafter, the volume of histochemically ischemic brain tissue was determined planimetrically in triphenyl tetrazolium chloride-stained serial coronal sections. Nicardipine was initially administered as an intravenous bolus injection of 10 mg/kg/hr 15 minutes before or 15 minutes after occlusion, followed by continuous infusion at 8 mg/kg/hr for the 5 hours of the experiment. Compared with untreated controls, cats that received nicardipine before or after occlusion showed a significant reduction in the extent of edema in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex, internal capsule, and basal ganglia. The results of phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies suggest that nicardipine may protect against cerebral ischemic damage by an action on cellular metabolic processes that preserve high-energy phosphates during the ischemic period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kucharczyk
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Derugin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moseley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rollin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Norman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002415:Cats; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009529:Nicardipine