title: Hospitalizations among black women using contraceptives.
abstract: We analyzed hospitalizations among 26,507 young black women who attended a large metropolitan family planning clinic between 1968 and 1976. Age-adjusted hospitalization rates were compared for women using oral contraceptives, intrauterine contraceptive devices, and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. Overall, intrauterine contraceptive device and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users were hospitalized at about the same rate, while women using oral contraceptives were hospitalized 30% less often. The oral contraceptive users were not hospitalized at a higher rate for circulatory disease. Compared to women using intrauterine contraceptive devices, users of oral contraceptives and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate were less likely to be hospitalized for benign breast disease (rate ratios = 0.5 and 0.2, respectively, with 95% confidence limits of 0.3 to 0.7 and 0.1 to 0.5) and for pelvic inflammatory disease. Women were four times as likely to be using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate when they were hospitalized with carcinoma in situ of the cervix, but depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users with at least 3 years of use were less likely to be hospitalized for carcinoma in situ than comparable groups of oral contraceptive and intrauterine contraceptive device users.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Wilkens
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hatcher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005845:Georgia; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D008875:Middle Aged; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000453:epidemiology; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone