title: Macrophage-mediated N-nitrosation of thioproline and proline.
abstract: Thioproline (Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) and proline were nitrosated by stimulated mouse macrophages in vitro. A macrophage cell line (J774.1, 1.0 x 10(6)/well, 1 ml) was incubated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma and thioproline (5 mM) or proline (5 mM). After 72 hr incubation at 37 degrees C, 4 microM N-nitrosothioproline was produced. The amount of N-nitrosoproline was much lower than that of N-nitrosothioproline. Thioproline and proline inhibited the formation of carcinogenic N-nitrosomorpholine. N-nitrosothioproline and N-nitrosoproline are found as major N-nitroso compounds in human urine. Macrophage mediated N-nitrosation may contribute to the formation of these N-nitrosamino acids in the human body.
authors.affiliation: National Food Research Institute, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurashima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinohara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009025:Morpholines / Q000378:metabolism; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D011392:Proline / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053778:Thiazolidines
chemical_list: D009025:Morpholines; D009602:Nitrosamines; D013844:Thiazoles; D053778:Thiazolidines; D011392:Proline; C003438:thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid