Beliefs and inferences: a test of a rational-emotive hypothesis: 2. On the prospect of seeing a spider.
96 subjects were asked to imagine that they were about to enter a room in which there may have been one or more spiders. They were also asked to imagine that (a) they either held a rational or an irrational belief about spiders, (b) they were about to enter the room either alone or with someone, and (c) that the room was either dark or light. Having absorbed their assigned role, the subjects were then asked to make inferences about various elements of their situation. The results supported the hypothesis that holding an irrational belief leads to more negative inferences. It was also found that the lighting conditions in the room and whether the subject was alone or with someone affected the negativity of the inferences made. In addition, there were several two-way and three-way interactions between the independent variables which indicated that entering a light room or being with someone else tended to moderate the negativity of inferences made by those holding a rational belief rather than the opposite, amplifying the negativity of inferences made by those holding an irrational belief. The results supported Ellis's (1985) recent formulation concerning the complex relationship between events and inferences (A), beliefs (B), and emotional and behavioral consequences of beliefs (C).
Dryden
W
W
Ferguson
J
J
McTeague
S
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001143:Arousal; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D011613:Psychotherapy; D011617:Psychotherapy, Rational-Emotive; D013112:Spiders