title: Acute ventricular septal rupture. Angiographic-morphologic features and clinical assessment.
abstract: Twenty patients with acute ventricular septal rupture underwent cardiac catheterization. Prior to catheterization, 17 patients were in Killip class 3-4. Mean cardiac index and cardiac output were 2.03 +/- 0.81 L/min/m2 and 3.55 +/- 1.33 L/min, respectively. Based on a recent pathologic description of septal rupture, we encountered by angiography and during surgery, two morphologic types of rupture: simple type which appears as a direct through-and-through communication between the ventricles, and complex type which presents hemorrhagic tracts in the septum with the opening into the ventricles at different levels. Considering the management of patients with septal rupture and the clinical outcome in our series, it is suggested that there is a need to minimize invasive angiographic procedures prior to early surgical correction of the ruptured septum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine 33101.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Topaz
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mallon
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Chahine
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Sequeira
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Myerburg
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006341:Heart Rupture / Q000473:pathology*; D006342:Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006346:Heart Septum; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology