title: Flotation of mastitis pathogens with cream from subclinically infected quarters. Prospects for developing a cream-rising test for detecting mastitis caused by major mastitis pathogens.
abstract: Bacterial isolates, originating from 36 subclinically infected quarter milk samples, were labelled with 75Se and checked for cream-rising at various temperatures in a system analogous to the ABR test ("Abortus Bang Ringprobe"; the cream-rising test based on stained brucella organisms for detection of brucellosis). Diagnostic specificity and sensitivity were analyzed in experiments where labelled bacterial isolates were mixed with a number of quarter milk samples with known bacteriological status as well as samples from healthy control quarters. Creaming at 37 degrees C resulted in specific "recognization" as the bacterial isolates showed preferential flotation in the milk samples from which they had been isolated as well as is milk samples harbouring the same bacterial species. At lower creaming temperatures, the specificity was lost since all the isolates became concentrated in the cream phase irrespective of the milk sample. When comparing the specific recognization by cream of the respective bacteria, bacterial species vary: The prospects for developing diagnostic cream-rising tests for Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli seems promising, but less so for coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus uberis. The mechanism behind the cream-rising of labelled bacteria at 37 degrees C seems to lie in specific fat globule membrane-bound immunity of IgA type. Therefore the milk fat globules from chronically infected quarters function as absorbents for the respective isolates. Flotation of bacteria with cream indicates an in vivo mechanism enabling bacteria to invade the upper parts of milk ducts within the udder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandholm
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaartinen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hyvönen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Veijalainen
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kuosa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests