Activation of interferon-regulated, dsRNA-dependent enzymes by human immunodeficiency virus-1 leader RNA.
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) leader RNA, which contains double-stranded regions due to inverted repeats, was shown to activate the dsRNA-dependent enzymes associated with the interferon system. HIV-1 leader RNA produced in vitro using SP6 RNA polymerase was characterized using probes for antisense and sense-strand RNA. The RNA preparation was free from significant levels of antisense RNA. HIV-1 leader RNA was shown to activate dsRNA-dependent protein kinase in a cell-free system from interferon-treated HeLa cells. Affinity resins, consisting of HIV-1 leader RNA covalently attached to cellulose, immobilized and activated dsRNA-dependent protein kinase and 2-5A-synthetase. HIV-1 leader RNA, therefore, may be a contributing factor in the mechanism by which interferon inhibits HIV replication.
SenGupta
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DN
Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799.
Silverman
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RH
D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase; D002474:Cell-Free System; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000502:physiology*; D010957:Plasmids; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D012117:Resins, Synthetic
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D007370:Interferon Type I; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D011494:Protein Kinases; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase