title: Marked impairment of the effect of hyperglycaemia on glucose uptake and glucose production in insulin-dependent diabetes.
abstract: The effect of hyperglycaemia per se on glucose utilization and glucose production was evaluated in 12 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and in 9 non-diabetic control subjects. In diabetic patients normoglycaemia was maintained during the night preceding the study by a variable intravenous insulin infusion. During the study endogenous insulin secretion was suppressed by somatostatin (300 micrograms h-1) and replaced by infusion of insulin (0.2 mU kg-1 min-1). Glucose utilization and hepatic glucose production rates were quantified at two plasma glucose concentrations (6.7 and 16.7 mmol l-1) using the two-step sequential hyperglycaemic clamp technique in combination with 3-3H-glucose tracer infusion. Duration of each step was 120 min. In diabetic patients glucose utilization, at a glucose concentration of 6.7 mmol l-1, was not different from normal (mean +/- SE: 2.9 +/- 0.2 vs 3.6 +/- 0.3 mg kg-1 min-1, 0.05 less than p less than 0.10), but the response to marked hyperglycaemia was significantly reduced (5.4 +/- 0.5 vs 9.4 +/- 1.0 mg kg-1 min-1, p less than 0.01). Hepatic glucose production was also normal at 6.7 mmol l-1 (1.4 +/- 0.1 vs 1.4 +/- 0.1 mg kg-1 min-1, NS), but whereas in control subjects glucose production was suppressed during hyperglycaemia of 16.7 mmol l-1 (0.3 +/- 0.4 mg kg-1 min-1, p less than 0.01), a slight increase was observed in diabetic patients (2.0 +/- 0.2 mg kg-1 min-1, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: First University Clinic of Internal Medicine, Aarhus Kommunehospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arnfred
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hother-Nielsen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orskov
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beck-Nielsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hermansen
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Orskov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D013004:Somatostatin
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D005947:Glucose