title: Glutathione and related enzyme activity in human lung cancer cell lines.
abstract: Glutathione levels were measured in 30 human lung cancer lines. Lower levels were detected in cell lines derived from small cell lung cancer specimens compared to non-small cell lines (mean 42 vs. 130 nmol mg-1 protein, P = 0.005). However, no difference were detected between cell lines derived from previously untreated patients, compared to those derived from patients who had received chemotherapy. Non-small cell lines were found to have increased activity of 4 detoxification enzymes compared to small cell lines, although these differences did not reach statistical significance: glutathione transferase activity (69 vs. 36 units, P = 0.137), glutathione reductase (139 vs. 82 units, P = 0.05), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (9.39 vs. 3.03 units, P = 0.072) and superoxide dismutase (20 vs. 13.6 units, P = 0.137). As the cell lines exhibit a similar chemosensitivity pattern to that observed in clinical practice, these differences in glutathione and detoxification enzyme levels may prove to be important indicators of intrinsic drug resistance often seen in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Clinical Oncology, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Gazdar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione