title: Patch testing with nickel chloride in a hydrogel.
abstract: Various concentrations of NiCl2 in a hydrogel were evaluated as a possible alternative to the standard patch test material of 5% NiSO4 pet. Patch test responses were recorded on a total of 430 patients with known or suspected contact allergy. A NiCl2 concentration of 1% or less in the hydrogel failed to elicit a response in some patients who reacted to 5% NiSO4 pet. The 2% NiCl2 hydrogel produced a small increase in response frequency and may reduce false-negative reactions. Along with the ability of the material to improve the topical bioavailability of nickel ions, more irritant reactions were observed. However, in cases with a positive history and a negative patch test with petrolatum, the hydrogel prepared from Methocel-E-4M seems to be a useful alternative vehicle for water-soluble allergens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Copenhagen.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fullerton
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Menné
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoelgaard
mesh_terms: D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000276:immunology; D005782:Gels / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000379:methods*; D010577:Petrolatum / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000009:adverse effects; D012882:Skin Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D010577:Petrolatum