Vitamin and mineral supplementation practices of adults in seven western states.
Seven western states (Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, and Wyoming) were surveyed in 1986 to determine the extent of vitamin/mineral supplementation and dosage levels of single supplements. Questionnaires were mailed to 3,500 individuals. A 57.8% response rate was obtained from the deliverable surveys, with a sample size of 1,730. The sample consisted of 54% women and 46% men and was predominantly white (88.9%). Fifty-four percent of the sample consumed some type of supplement; multiple vitamin/minerals were consumed with the greatest frequency. For single supplements, vitamin C was reported with the greatest frequency (23.1%), followed by some type of calcium supplement (22.5%) and vitamin E (11.1%). More than 80% of the vitamin C users indicated a dosage of 250 mg/day. Most respondents consumed calcium dosages of less than 1,000 mg/day. For vitamin E, 75% of the users consumed more than 200 IU/day. The data suggest that the potential for toxicity due to excess supplementation levels exists in the western states studied.
Medeiros
D M
DM
Human Nutrition Program, Department of Home Economics, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071.
Bock
M A
MA
Ortiz
M
M
Raab
C
C
Read
M
M
Schutz
H G
HG
Sheehan
E T
ET
Williams
D K
DK
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005006:Ethnicity; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015205:Northwestern United States; D015206:Southwestern United States; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid