The long term effects of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treating patients with renovascular hypertension: case studies.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed on 10 patients with unilateral renovascular hypertension (7 with atheromatous and 3 with fibromuscular stenoses) who were then followed for an average of 42 months (range, 24 to 67 months). Dilation of the stenosis was initially successful in all patients except one who had severe atheromatous stenosis. Among patients with atheromatous disease, normotension was attained for 40, 25 and 24 months in 3 patients given no antihypertensive medication and for 67 and 55 months in 2 patients given only nicardipine. The remaining one patient had a recurrent stenosis 3 months after angioplasty. All patients with fibromuscular dysplasia have been normotensive without any hypotensive medication for more than 4 years. Plasma renin activity declined within one week after angioplasty and remained unchanged thereafter in all patients except the one case suffering from a recurrent stenosis. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate remained increased after angioplasty. These results suggest that hypertension can be controlled and renal dysfunction in patients with renal artery stenosis caused by atheroma or fibromuscular dysplasia improved for long periods by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The antihypertensive effect obtained by this procedure was more valuable for the patients with fibromuscular dysplasia than in those with atheromatous disease.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012079:Renal Circulation; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System