Rearrangement and expression of T cell antigen receptor genes in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Fifty-nine patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were screened for clonal rearrangement of T cell receptor (TCR) beta and gamma chain genes. Four were found with rearranged TCR beta genes, but none had detectable rearrangement of TCR gamma genes. One typical patient with B-CLL had a TCR beta gene structure consistent with a variable-diversity-joining rearrangement into the C beta 2 gene on one allele. An apparently identical rearrangement pattern was seen in a second patient, which suggested that there may be a restriction on the repertoire of possible TCR beta gene recombinations in mature B cells. Two further patients had a simple deletion of sequences, consistent with a diversity-joining rearrangement into C beta 2 on one allele. All four patients had rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy- and light-chain genes typical of mature B cell malignancies. However, on review of clinical, morphological, and immunophenotype data, two had features consistent with B cell prolymphocytic leukemia or B lymphoma, and a third had progressed to a prolymphocytic transformation. Low-level expression of a predominantly 1.0- to 1.2-kilobase germ line TCR beta gene transcript was detected in several B-CLLs and at a comparable level in the four with rearranged TCR beta genes. This, together with the low frequency of TCR gene rearrangement, suggests that most B-CLL cases arise at a developmental stage when factors required for TCR gene activity are not operative.
D001402:B-Lymphocytes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000187:drug effects; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000187:drug effects; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta