title: Acute leukemias with both myeloid and lymphoid surface markers. Cytoplasmic alpha-1-anti-chymotrypsin and alpha-1-anti-trypsin as possible indicators of early granulocytic differentiation.
abstract: Blast cells from ten patients (seven adults, three children) with acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) contained immunoreactive cytoplasmic alpha-1-anti-trypsin (alpha-1-AT) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (alpha-1-ACT). Cytochemically positive reactions for block-like periodic acid-Schiff and a localized acid phosphatase suggested that the cells were of lymphoid origin rather than myeloid origin: negative for sudan black-B, nonspecific esterase, chloroacetate esterase, and myeloperoxidase. By surface phenotype, the leukemia showed positive reactions for both lymphoid (common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, Ia, OKT-10) and myeloid (OKM-1, Leu M-1) antigens. Three of three patients tested portrayed the Philadelphia chromosome. Nine patients were Mexican-American and one was Japanese: all were of Asian ethnic derivation. Both myeloid and lymphoid treatment regimens were employed, with survival less than expected. Early granulocytic differentiation detectable by cytoplasmic alpha-1-AT and alpha-1-ACT in lymphoid blasts is discussed.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007223:Infant; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000276:immunology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015260:Neprilysin; D010641:Phenotype; D000514:alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin / Q000032:analysis*; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D000514:alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin; D015260:Neprilysin