title: Ultrasonographic screening of childhood hematuria.
abstract: We examined 184 children with hematuria, aged two days to 18 years, by ultrasonography (US). Of these, 108 also had an intravenous urogram (IVU) and 28 had a voiding cystourethrogram (VCU). Of these 28, 18 had both an IVU and VCU and 10 had only a VCU in addition to US. The remaining 66 children had US alone. Comparing the results of the 108 US and IVU examinations, these modalities were in agreement in 83% of patients as to the main diagnosis. US gave pertinent additional information in 44 patients (40%) with 56 findings (renal cysts, splenic injuries, ascites, etc.) not detected using IVU. In six patients (5.5%), lesions were missed using US but detected using IVU (e.g. lithiasis, papillary necrosis). In the remaining 58 patients, IVU and US were equally informative. US is an excellent screening method for use in childhood hematuria. It can replace IVU in patients with minor posttraumatic hematuria and in most with glomerular disease (i.e. benign familial hematuria). It will direct the sequence of further radiological investigations in patients with abnormal findings.
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000293:injuries; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D014567:Urography