Functional and phenotypical characterization of activated T cells from intra-articular sites in inflammatory joint diseases. Possible modulation of the CD3 antigen.
The presence of activated T lymphocytes bearing interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors and HLA class II (Ia) antigens accompanied by impaired T cell functions such as a decreased mitogenic responsiveness are characteristic findings, especially in intra-articular sites in chronic inflammatory joint diseases. The objective of the present study was to further characterize these in vivo activated T cells by the investigation of IL-2 production and a possible T cell receptor modulation. IL-2 receptors were found to be expressed primarily in the CD4+ subset. The Ia+ subset expressing both DR and DQ antigens showed a weaker mitogen-induced response as compared to the Ia- fraction. A decreased mitogen-induced IL-2 production and a lower response to anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies was observed with synovial T lymphocytes as compared to peripheral blood T cells. The density of the CD3 molecule, known to be closely associated with the T cell receptor, was significantly lower in intra-articular sites, while other T cell-specific surface molecules were expressed to a similar extent in both compartments. The decreased synovial T cell mitogenesis was not restored by the addition of lymphokines (IL-1 and IL-2) or blood monocytes, nor by removing CD8+ T cells. These data present further evidence for a significant T cell activation in intra-articular sites in chronic inflammatory joint diseases. The decreased expression of the CD3 glycoprotein suggests a modulation by so far unidentified antigen(s), which could also be responsible for the weak T cell response elicited by polyclonal mitogens.
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D017252:CD3 Complex; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000473:pathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2