title: Evaluation of the role of antinociception in self-injurious behavior following intranigral injection of muscimol.
abstract: In rats, bilateral injection of muscimol (30-60 ng/site) into the medial substantia nigra zona reticulata exerted an antinociceptive effect in the hotplate and tail-flick tests. Injections of muscimol into the substantia nigra also induced intense stereotyped behavior and self-injurious behavior (SIB). Tail-flick and hindpaw-lick responses were inhibited between 30 and 120 min after muscimol, but recovered by 240 min. The antinociceptive responses were not due to motor impairment or ataxia induced by muscimol because a variety of highly-coordinated stereotyped behavioral responses, including rearing, sniffing, head bobbing and licking occurred concurrently. Injection of muscimol into the deep mesencephalic nucleus (DpMcN) also inhibited the tail-flick and hindpaw-lick responses and caused stereotyped behavior but did not induce self-injurious behavior. Injections of muscimol into the substantia nigra, angled (45 degrees) to avoid passing through the deep mesencephalic nucleus, still exerted antinociceptive activity and caused self-injurious behavior. Bilateral microinjections of baclofen (300 ng), 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazols (5,40c)pyridin-3-ol (THIP; 300 ng), sodium valproate + D,L-diaminobutyric acid (1 microgram), substance P (2.5 micrograms) or D-Pro2-D-Trp7.9-substance P (2.5 micrograms), all suppressed hindpaw-lick responses, although only THIP reduced tail-flick responses. None of these treatments evoked self-injurious behavior. Naloxone (10 mg/kg), picrotoxin (5 mg/kg) or atropine (10 mg/kg) injection of muscimol into the substantia nigra (60 ng) or a single pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine diethyl ester (PCPA; 500 mg/kg; 48 hr prior to muscimol) failed to suppress the hindpaw-lick response or self-injurious behavior. These results suggest that the injection of muscimol into the substantia nigra evokes a centrally-mediated antinociception which alone is not sufficient to induce self-injurious behavior. Both antinociception and self-injurious behavior after injection of muscimol into the substantia nigra appear unrelated to cholinergic, serotoninergic, or naloxone-sensitive nociceptive systems; however, the role of activation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in these actions of muscimol also remains to be clarified.
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010134:Fenclonine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012652:Self Mutilation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D009118:Muscimol; D009270:Naloxone; D001285:Atropine; D010134:Fenclonine