title: [Plasminogen activator of tissue type. Physiology, pathophysiology and clinical value].
abstract: Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), the major physiological activator of fibrinolysis, is contained in most human organs, tissues and secretions. t-PA is synthesized by endothelial cells and is released, in response to various stimuli, into the blood stream. Activation of plasminogen by t-PA is greatly enhanced in the presence of fibrin, whereby the fibrinolytic process is confined to the immediate environment of a formed thrombus. The enzymatic activity of t-PA is controlled by a fast-acting plasminogen activator inhibitor. Methods are now available for the immunological and functional determination of t-PA in biological fluids. The major function of plasmatic t-PA is the lysis of intravascular fibrin deposits. A reduced capacity to liberate functionally active t-PA from the vessel wall may result in the development of a thrombotic tendency. Extravascular t-PA is involved in various processes associated with cell migration and tissue remodelling. Purified t-PA preparations have been shown to induce marked fibrinolysis and thrombolysis with negligible fibrinogenolysis, in vitro and in various animal models. At present, the efficacy of recombinant t-PA in the lysis of arterial and venous thrombi is being tested in man.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy; D011817:Rabbits; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D005341:Fibrinolysin
vernacular_title: Der Plasminogenaktivator vom Gewebetyp. Physiologie, Pathophysiologie und klinische Bedeutung.