title: Rehabilitation of the face in patients with Down's syndrome.
abstract: Fifty patients with Down's syndrome underwent surgery for improvement of the facial stigmata. Partial glossectomy, lateral canthoplasty, and nose, cheek, and chin augmentation were the common procedures. With a follow-up of 18 to 24 months, the results were recorded by a multidisciplinary team with similar judgments on the glossectomy, the most satisfactory procedure, and some discrepancy on the other procedures, canthoplasty, and cheek augmentation. There were no infections or extrusion of prostheses, and a rather high incidence of extrusion of prostheses, and a rather high incidence of bone resorption was noted in the mandibular area. The facial changes were satisfactory in the majority of the cases in both medical and nonmedical evaluation and improved self-confidence, especially in the older patients. The satisfactory results here presented advocate certain procedures for attenuation of the Down's syndrome stigmata and improvement of some functions by diminishing the size of the tongue.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D004435:Eating; D004954:Esthetics; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005927:Glossectomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D012119:Respiration; D012649:Self Concept; D013065:Speech Intelligibility; D013518:Surgery, Plastic