T cell receptor gamma chain variable gene rearrangements in acute lymphoblastic leukemias of T and B lineage.
The status of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of T and B lineage has been studied. Our data indicate that illegitimate gene rearrangements at immunoglobulin heavy chain (in T cell ALL), and T cell receptor beta chain (in pre-B ALL) genes are only rarely found (2 out of 30 patients). In contrast, T cell receptor gamma chain gene rearrangements, characteristically found in T-ALL, are also present in 7 of 18 patients with pre-B ALL. Several features distinguish these illegitimate T cell receptor gamma chain gene rearrangements from those in normal and leukemic T cells. V gamma genes located far upstream of the J gamma/C gamma complexes (V gamma 2, V gamma 3, V gamma 4, V gamma 5) appear to be preferentially used in normal adult peripheral blood T cells. In contrast, V gamma genes located immediately 5' to the J gamma/C gamma complexes (V gamma 8, V gamma 9, V gamma 10, V gamma 11) predominate in V gamma -J gamma recombinations observed in T-ALL and pre-B ALL. Whereas the J gamma 2 region is primarily used in T cell receptor gamma gene rearrangements observed in T-ALL, those in pre-B ALL are confined mostly to the J gamma 1 region. These data suggest a limited accessibility of the T cell receptor gamma chain gene locus for recombination processes in early stages of B cell differentiation.
D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000032:analysis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005796:Genes; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000032:analysis*
D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta