Delayed anaphylactoid reaction in a worker exposed to chromium.
A 29-year-old male welder reported systemic reactions after exposure to chromium. Inhalation challenge testing to 29 micrograms/m3 of sodium chromate aerosol resulted in late appearing systemic urticaria, angioedema, and severe bronchospasm that occurred at the same time as a threefold rise in plasma histamine. A direct leukocyte inhibitory factor test to 5.5 X 10(-6)mol/L Na2CrO4 was positive. Although the mechanism of this reaction is unknown, the positive leukocyte inhibitory factor and the general acceptance of hexavalent chromium as a contact skin sensitizer suggest that cell-mediated mechanisms could be involved.
D000328:Adult; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D002840:Chromates; D002857:Chromium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006632:Histamine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D017670:Sodium Compounds
D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D002840:Chromates; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D002857:Chromium; C028982:sodium chromate(VI); D006632:Histamine