title: Modulation of cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase from chick intestine by naturally occurring polyamines and mucopolysaccharides.
abstract: Chick duodenal mucosa contains an endogenous factor which is capable to inhibit selectively a homologous polyamine-sensitive protein kinase. The inhibitor was partially purified and characterized, and it was found to contain typical mucopolysaccharidic components. Glycosidases digestion studies, selective degradation analysis and spectrophotometric titrations with metachromatic dyes indicated that the inhibitor preparation contained two major moieties identified as heparin-like and heparan sulfate-like structures. In chick intestine the inhibitor was specific for polyamine-sensitive protein kinase since selectively interacted with it and was inert towards other cAMP-independent and cAMP-dependent protein kinases. The inhibitory effect of the endogenous factor was counteracted by naturally occurring polyamines such as spermine. The order of potency of various polyamines was: spermine greater than thermine much greater than spermidine much greater than diamines. The release of inhibition by addition of physiological concentrations of spermine was also apparent when using cytosolic proteins as endogenous phosphate acceptors. These results suggest that a possible role of polyamine in the regulation of polyamine-sensitive protein kinase in the intestine is to protect the enzyme from the inhibitory action of endogenous heparinoids.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004386:Duodenum; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000502:physiology*; D006493:Heparin / Q000502:physiology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000502:physiology*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D011073:Polyamines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases