title: Bacterial meningitis update.
abstract: Meningitis can result from an invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. While a diagnosis differentiating the types of meningitis may be difficult in the early stages, it is imperative that treatment be instituted as soon as possible. Bacterial meningitis can have a mortality rate of 100% if left untreated. Through a combination of early recognition, prompt institution of antimicrobial treatment, and effective nursing support the management of these patients is greatly enhanced. This article contrasts bacterial with other types of meningitis; presents the physical examination, diagnostic work-up, treatment, and complications; and explores nursing considerations.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008581:Meningitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy; D010808:Physical Examination; D013129:Spinal Puncture
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents