title: Effects of clonidine on the stimulation-evoked release of 3H-noradrenaline from superfused rat brain slices as a function of the biophase concentration. Temperature dependent widening of extracellular space.
abstract: The influence of clonidine on the stimulation-evoked overflow of tritium was studied in brain slices preincubated with 3H-noradrenaline. The slices were prepared from parietal cortex (Cx), nucleus anterior hypothalami (nah) and nucleus tractus solitarii (nts). After preincubation, the tissues were superfused at 23 degrees C or 37 degrees C with a medium containing the noradrenaline uptake inhibitor desipramine. Electrical field stimulation was applied using stimulation frequencies of 0.3-10 Hz. At 23 degrees C/0.3 Hz, clonidine concentration-dependently inhibited the evoked overflow of tritium in all three brain regions. In contrast, at 23 degrees C/3 Hz the inhibitory effect of the drug in the Cx was abolished and a facilitation was observed in the nah and nts. When tested at increasing frequencies of stimulation in the nts at 23 degrees C, clonidine exerted a dual action, characterized by a reduction of electrically evoked responses at frequencies below 1 Hz and a facilitation at frequencies above 1 Hz. At 37 degrees C, clonidine concentration-dependently decreased the evoked overflow in all brain regions studied, this effect being more pronounced at 0.3 Hz than at 3 Hz. The apparent lack of an effect of clonidine on the stimulation-evoked overflow of tritium in the Cx at 23 degrees C/3 Hz was turned to a facilitation when noradrenaline (0.01 mumol/l) was included in the superfusion medium. Conversely, an inhibitory effect of clonidine was seen when the uptake blocker desipramine (as well as noradrenaline) was omitted from the superfusion medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003891:Desipramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D003000:Clonidine; D011188:Potassium; D003891:Desipramine; D009638:Norepinephrine