Implied velocity and acceleration induce transformations of visual memory.
In this study, the phenomenon of representational momentum (Freyd & Finke, 1984) is investigated in cases where visual memories are distorted by implied motions of the elements of a pattern. Our theory predicts that these memory distortions should be sensitive not only to the direction of the implied motions but also to changes in the implied velocity. Subjects observed a sequence of dot-pattern displays that implied that the dots were moving at either a constant velocity or constant acceleration, but in separate directions. Discrimination functions for recognizing the final pattern in the sequence revealed that subjects' memories had shifted forward, corresponding to small continuations of the implied motions. The induced memory shifts increased in size as the implied velocity and acceleration of the dots increased, but were eliminated when the display sequence implied a deceleration of the dots to a final velocity of zero. These findings suggest that mentally extrapolated motion may have some of the same inertial properties as actual physical motion.
D000054:Acceleration; D000328:Adult; D003210:Concept Formation; D005556:Form Perception; D006801:Humans; D009039:Motion Perception; D009903:Optical Illusions; D009949:Orientation