title: Evaluation of naloxone therapy for Escherichia coli sepsis in the baboon.
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of naloxone hydrochloride in the treatment of Escherichia coli-induced shock in baboons. The baboons were studied for 12 hours and monitored for survival times. All baboons were intravenously infused for two hours with E coli and treated as follows: group 1, E coli (control); group 2, E coli plus naloxone hydrochloride, 0.5 mg/kg bolus plus 0.5 mg/kg/h for 9.5 hours; and group 3, E coli plus naloxone hydrochloride, 2.0 mg/kg bolus plus 2.0 mg/kg/h for 3.8 hours. Naloxone was administered after arterial pressure had reached the nadir (more than two hours following initiation of E coli infusion). Mean arterial pressure was supported by the lower dose of naloxone; however, sustained leukopenia and neutropenia were not reversed by its infusion. Naloxone prevented the increase in plasma beta-endorphin level and blunted the increase in plasma cortisol level. Despite these effects, naloxone did not prevent multiple-organ disease and did not decrease mortality.
authors.affiliation: Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104.
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hinshaw
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Beller
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Flournoy
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Passey
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Holaday
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009270:Naloxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010215:Papio; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D013997:Time Factors; D001615:beta-Endorphin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D009270:Naloxone; D001615:beta-Endorphin; D003404:Creatinine; D006854:Hydrocortisone