title: Contact allergy to imidazole antimycotics.
abstract: Between 1977 and 1986, 9 patients with contact allergy to the active ingredient of imidazole antimycotics were found at the Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg. The number of positive reactions decreased in the following order: miconazole (6), clotrimazole (3), econazole (3), isconazole (3), and oxiconazole (1). When 5 patients were tested with a series of imidazoles in different concentrations and vehicles (petrolatum, ethyl methyl ketone, ethanol), petrolatum turned out to be the least effective one. The active ingredient at 1% in ethanol seems to be the most suitable choice for routine patch testing. Bifonazole may be the therapeutic alternative for patients sensitive to miconazole or clotrimazole, since no cross reactivity was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, FRG.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Raulin
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Frosch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000009:adverse effects; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology*; D004464:Econazole / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008825:Miconazole / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D004464:Econazole; D008825:Miconazole; C022155:oxiconazole; D003022:Clotrimazole; C020382:isoconazole; C036596:bifonazole