title: Prevention of hearing impairment from infection and ototoxic drugs.
abstract: Infectious diseases are a primary cause of hearing impairment and produce about 25% of profound losses. Of these, one fifth are congenital. The major infections include rubella, cytomegalovirus, measles, pertussis, meningitis, and acute otitis media. Hearing loss from ototoxicity is also observed with a number of drugs, notably the aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, and cisplatin. Preventive measures are defined according to primary, secondary, and tertiary principles. Three principles of prevention are considered: direct action, defined objectives, and the variability of effective prevention according to cause.
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Catlin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects; D003140:Communicable Disease Control; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications; D003638:Deafness / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012306:Risk; D012409:Rubella / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012411:Rubella Vaccine; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D012411:Rubella Vaccine; D002945:Cisplatin