title: Hemodynamic effects of primary closure of omphalocele/gastroschisis in human newborns.
abstract: To determine whether they could establish reliable, objective criteria that would predict safe, primary closure of abdominal wall defects (omphalocele/gastroschisis) in newborn infants, the authors measured intraoperative changes in intra-gastric pressure (IGP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (CI), systolic arterial blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR). Eleven neonates, who averaged 2.7 kg (range 1.5-4.1 kg) and 36 weeks gestation (range 30-41 weeks) were anesthetized with fentanyl (7.5-12.5 micrograms/kg), metocurine (0.3 mg/kg), and oxygen. Three infants had defects that were too large to close primarily. Of the eight infants who underwent primary closure, four required re-operation within 24 h because of oliguria or poor peripheral perfusion. Infants who required re-operation had intra-gastric pressures of 20 mmHg or more, a decrease in CI of 0.78 1.min.m2 or more, and an increase in CVP of 4 mmHg or more. Heart rate, BP, and systemic vascular resistance did not differ in infants requiring and not requiring re-operation. The authors conclude that intraoperative measurement of changes in IGP, CVP, and/or CI can reliably predict success or failure of primary operative repair of abdominal wall defects in human neonates.
authors.affiliation: Department Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaster
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Dudgeon
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Manolio
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Haller
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002496:Central Venous Pressure; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011312:Pressure; D011379:Prognosis; D013270:Stomach / Q000503:physiopathology