title: Addition of local anesthetics to contrast media. II. Increase of acute mortality in mice with intravenous contrast administration.
abstract: The acute intravenous toxicity (i.v. LD50) of solutions of the ratio 1.5 contrast media metrizoate or diatrizoate and the ratio 3.0 contrast medium metrizamide was determined in mice with and without the addition of local anesthetics to the solutions. The two local anesthetics mepivacaine or lidocaine were added to final concentrations up to 2.0 mg/ml of the contrast medium solutions. This corresponds to clinically used concentrations. All additions of local anesthetics to the solutions increased the mortalities caused by the contrast medium solutions. Addition of local anesthetics to a final concentration of 2 mg/ml approximately doubled the acute intravenous toxicity of the contrast media. The ratio 3 contrast media produce less hypertonic solutions than the ratio 1.5 contrast media and should be preferred for angiography because they cause less pain and do not require the addition of local anesthetics which increase the acute toxicity of the solutions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Malmö Allmänna Sjukhus, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Almén
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Golman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nyman
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D003973:Diatrizoate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008793:Metrizamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D003287:Contrast Media; D003973:Diatrizoate; D008012:Lidocaine; D008619:Mepivacaine; D008793:Metrizamide