title: Aldose reductase inhibitors: flavonoids, alkaloids, acetophenones, benzophenones, and spirohydantoins of chroman.
abstract: The inhibitory activity of various compounds, including 12 flavonoids, 10 alkaloids, 15 benzophenones, 5 acetophenones, and 7 spirohydantoins of chroman, was tested on rabbit lens aldose reductase, an enzyme involved in complications of diabetes. Almost all compounds tested were found to inhibit the enzyme at low concentrations (10(-5) M). The most potent inhibitor was 2R,4S-6-chloro-2-methylspiro(chroman-4,4'-imidazo-lidine+ ++)-2',5'-dione with an I50 value of 4.7 x 10(-8) M; other spirohydantoins showed similar potency. Polyhydroxybenzophenones were also potent inhibitors with an I50 value of about 10(-7) M. The possible structure-inhibitory activity relationships of the compounds tested are discussed.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nomura
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001599:Berberine / Q000378:metabolism; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000201:enzymology; D010208:Papaverine / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D000470:Alkaloids; D001577:Benzophenones; D001578:Benzopyrans; D002839:Chromans; D005419:Flavonoids; D001599:Berberine; D010208:Papaverine; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; C024388:CTGCAG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific