title: Observations on the susceptibility of Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) to malathion and permethrin in Tanzania.
abstract: Laboratory-reared Ctenocephalides felis (Bouche) adults were tested with 0.5% malathion and 0.5% permethrin, using the standard WHO methods. After 24 h exposure to malathion (3.6 mg/cm2), 92% of the fleas died. The LT50 for malathion was approximately 8 h. Permethrin (0.45 mg/cm2) produced 100% mortality of exposed insects after 24 h while with a higher dose (0.9 mg/cm2) all fleas died after 8 h exposure. LT50 for the two doses of permethrin were 7.7 and 1.05 h, respectively. The failure of the diagnostic dose of malathion to kill 100% of the population was attributed to resistance. Permethrin is a suitable pesticide for controlling fleas of domestic animals in Tanzania.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kilonzo
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Gisakanyi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006041:Goats; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides; D008294:Malathion; D026023:Permethrin; D011722:Pyrethrins; D005423:Siphonaptera; D013636:Tanzania
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D026023:Permethrin; D008294:Malathion