title: Thymoxamine reverses phenylephrine-induced mydriasis.
abstract: We performed a randomized double-masked evaluation of the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent thymoxamine (0.1%) as compared to placebo for the reversal of phenylephrine-induced mydriasis. Topically applied thymoxamine reversed the mydriasis from a single drop of 2.5% phenylephrine in 36 of 40 eyes (90%) within one hour. The mydriasis was completely reversed in 25 of 40 eyes (63%). Eyes with blue irides responded more quickly and more completely than did those with brown irides. The 40 contralateral eyes, which had also been dilated with phenylephrine, remained dilated or dilated further after receiving a placebo eyedrop. Twenty subjects (50%) reported mild transient ocular irritation upon instillation of thymoxamine. Thymoxamine was useful in individuals with narrow anterior chamber angles who were at risk of acute closed-angle glaucoma following dilation with an adrenergic agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Relf
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Gharagozloo
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Skuta
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Alward
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Brubaker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004106:Dilatation; D005127:Eye Color; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D013948:Moxisylyte / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics; D010656:Phenylephrine; D013948:Moxisylyte