title: T4+ (helper phenotype) chronic lymphocytic leukemia: case report with liver failure and literature review.
abstract: T-cell lymphomas and leukemias are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms found in each anatomic compartment of the T system (marrow, thymus, and various peripheral tissues) and that have varying phenotypic expressions. Histopathologic features of the thymic and peripheral T neoplasms do not fit into a clearly defined pattern, and clinical expressions of T neoplasms are likewise variable. This report describes a 60-year-old man with "chronic" lymphocytic leukemia of T4+ (helper) phenotype. Rapid deterioration in liver function, presumably due to tumor infiltration, was unexpected and has not previously been reported. The unusual clinical and pathologic features are reviewed in the context of T-cell neoplasms, particularly T4+ processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Hematology), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cousar
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Vogler
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Goodin
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Graber
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer