title: The Medi-Jector II: efficacy and acceptability in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with and without needle phobia.
abstract: Efficacy and acceptability of the Medi-Jector II, compared with conventional syringes, was evaluated in a cross-over study (two 4-week periods) in 14 adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients. In 6 out of these 14 patients the clinical diagnosis of needle phobia was confirmed by anxiety tests for trait (45.8 +/- 12.8 (SD) versus 34.0 +/- 6.2; p less than 0.05) and state (50.3 +/- 10.9 versus 28.9 +/- 5.2, p less than 0.05). Five patients (one needle-phobic) dropped out, all for Medi-Jector-related problems. No significant differences were found in body weight, insulin dosage, and number of hypoglycaemic reactions. HbA1 after the Medi-Jector period was significantly higher than after the conventional period (9.8 +/- 1.2 (SE) versus 9.1 +/- 1.1 (SE)%; p less than 0.05). The questionnaire, evaluating the Medi-Jector, revealed poor acceptance of the device (7/9 patients' general impression being moderate or bad). The use of the Medi-Jector in comparison with conventional injections caused the patients to complain about: more immediate pain (4/9 patients), delayed pain (often: 4/9, sometimes: 2/9), more insulin leakage (6/9), more bleeding (6/9), and more haematomas (5/9). Except for 'often occurring delayed pain' (4/5 needle-phobics versus 0/4 non-needle-phobics; p less than 0.05), needle-phobic patients scored the questionnaire similarly to the other patients. We conclude that the use of the Medi-Jector II did not cause a major short-term loss of metabolic control, but that the device was not well accepted by our patients, independent of the existence of needle phobia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Houtzagers
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Berntzen
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heine
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: van der Veen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007277:Injections, Jet / Q000592:standards*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin