Retrieval of latent herpes simplex virus type 1 genetic information from murine trigeminal ganglia by superinfection with heterotypic virus in vivo.
Mice previously latently infected with the F strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can be successfully colonized with a second virus strain if HSV-2 is introduced at the same peripheral site as HSV-1. On the other hand, HSV-1 strains seemed able mutually to exclude establishment of latency with each other. Mice (3 months or 3 years after nasal infection) latently infected with HSV-1 were thus superinfected with HSV-2. The mice were sacrificed 2 days post-infection when HSV-2 replication in the ganglia was found to have commenced. Ganglia were homogenized immediately and virus was plaqued on permissive cells. HSV-1 plaques were regularly obtained among HSV-2 plaques as assessed by staining with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent using a type-specific monoclonal antibody recognizing glycoprotein C of HSV-1. DNA from this virus had identical restriction endonuclease patterns (EcoRI, BamHI and HindIII) to the F strain used to infect the animals latently. HSV-1 was not retrieved from ganglia of controls superinfected with a neuroadapted vaccinia virus or were mock-superinfected. The results suggest that it is possible to superinfect a latently infected ganglionic neuronal cell with a heterotypic HSV strain and that the subsequently introduced HSV-2 can act in trans to induce reactivation of latent HSV-1.
Thomas
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E
Lycke
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Vahlne
A
A
D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000382:microbiology; D002460:Cell Line; D004261:DNA Replication; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005724:Ganglia / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013045:Species Specificity; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000382:microbiology*; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014779:Virus Replication
D004279:DNA, Viral; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes