title: Metabolic changes in pectoral muscle and liver of turkey embryos in relation to hatching: influence of glucose and antibiotic-treatment of eggs.
abstract: Small type turkey eggs were pressure differential dipped in an antibiotic solution (spectinomycin 3,000 ppm) with or without glucose (10%) and incubated. Pectoral muscle and liver samples taken from the embryos at the knocking, pipping, and posthatch stages of development were studied. Muscle glycogen decreased between pipping and posthatch. Liver glycogen decreased progressively between knocking and posthatch. Whereas liver free fatty acids decreased as the embryo completed the hatching process, muscle levels were less subject to change. Providing the embryo with antibiotic plus glucose improved overall glycogen in both tissues and reduced muscle lactate. Results from treatment with antibiotic alone resembled those in the first treatment with regard to liver glycogen and muscle lactate but to a lesser degree. Results support the hypothesis of an extensive muscle involvement in the hatching process and need for glucose through the perihatch period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Moran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000198:Spectinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014422:Turkeys / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007773:Lactates; D008112:Liver Glycogen; D006003:Glycogen; D000198:Spectinomycin; D005947:Glucose