title: Synthesis and antitumor and antiviral activities of a series of 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-5-halocytosine (5-halocytidine) cyclic 3',5'-monophosphates.
abstract: A series of 1-beta-ribofuranosyl-5-halocytosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphates (1-4) has been prepared. Direct halogenation of cytidine 3',5'-monophosphate (cCMP) yielded the Cl, Br, and I compounds while 5-F-cCMP (1) was obtained on cyclization of the 5'-monophosphate. On in vitro testing of 1-4 against L1210 and P388 leukemias, only 1 showed significant low-level activity (ID50 = 3.1 X 10(-4) mmol/L). Derivatives 2-4 were inactive at 10(-1) mmol/L and also proved to have low viral ratings against a series of RNA and DNA virus strains in vitro. By contrast the 5-F-cCMP showed moderate activity against VV, HSV-1, and HSV-2 strains (VR = 0.6-0.9). Both 5-fluorocytidine and 5-fluorocytidine 5'-monophosphate had marked antiviral activity (VR = 1.0-2.1) with the above viruses as well as with parainfluenza virus type 3. The nucleoside and nucleotide also were more active than 5-F-cCMP against L1210 and P388 cells. However, comparison of the cytotoxicities and antiviral ED50 values of 5-F-cCMP, 5-fluorocytidine 5'-monophosphate, and 5-fluorocytidine suggests a potential therapeutic advantage for 5-F-cCMP. Possible rationales for these activities are discussed in terms of 5-F-cCMP and the corresponding 5'-monophosphate as potential prodrugs and as sources, following enzymatic deamination, of cytotoxic 5-fluorouridine or its 5'-monophosphate.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beres
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Bentrude
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kruppa
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McKernan
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Robins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003563:Cyclic CMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003597:Cytosine Nucleotides / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D003597:Cytosine Nucleotides; D003563:Cyclic CMP; D011494:Protein Kinases