Catabolism of Ap3A and Ap4A in human plasma. Purification and characterization of a glycoprotein complex with 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity.
A hydrolase splitting adenosine(5')triphospho(5')adenosine (Ap3A) to AMP and ADP has recently been detected in human plasma [Lüthje, J. and Ogilvie, A. (1984) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 118, 704-709]. The enzyme has been purified to apparent homogeneity, as stained in a native polyacrylamide gel. From gel filtration data a Stokes radius of 5.9 nm was calculated, suggesting a molecular mass of about 230 kDa. The presence of the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 did not change the molecular mass. The hydrolase dissociated to three major protein components (66 kDa; 45 kDa; 16 kDa) during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and mercaptoethanol. Binding of the native enzyme to concanavalin-A--Sepharose and specific inhibition of binding by methyl mannoside indicated that the hydrolase is a glycoprotein. Two of the subunits (66 kDa; 45 kDa) could be affinity-labeled with radioiodinated concanavalin A. Active hydrolase could be prepared in buffers without added metal ions. Treatment with EDTA, however, completely abolished the hydrolytic activity. The enzyme could be reactivated by incubation with Ca2+, Co2+ and, at best, with Zn2+, whereas Mg2+ was ineffective. The affinity of the enzyme for Ap3A was high (Km = 1 microM), with normal Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The homolog dinucleotide Ap4A was also substrate (Km = 0.6 microM) yielding AMP and ATP as products after the asymmetric split. Other dinucleotides, such as NAD, and also mononucleotides (ATP,UTP) were degraded to nucleoside monophosphates indicating a broad specificity of the enzyme. The synthetic compound thymidine 5'-monophosphate p-nitrophenyl ester was substrate with low affinity whereas its 3'-homolog was not hydrolyzed. Optimal activity of the hydrolase was found at pH 8.5.
Lüthje
J
J
Ogilvie
A
A
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000097:blood*; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D043264:Phosphodiesterase I; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000097:blood* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D008670:Metals; D009711:Nucleotides; C020733:diadenosine tetraphosphate; C011440:diadenosine triphosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D043264:Phosphodiesterase I