title: Central and regional hemodynamic effects of oral enoximone in congestive heart failure: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: Twelve patients with congestive heart failure underwent a double-blind, placebo-controlled study for the purpose of examining the central and regional hemodynamic effects of first-dose (1 and 2 mg/kg) oral enoximone, a new phosphodiesterase III inhibitor. Enoximone augmented cardiac output, generally through a positive chronotropic response. Indices of left ventricular contractility, specifically stroke volume, delta P/delta t, fractional shortening rate, and the duration of the preejection period, were only modestly enhanced by enoximone. At 2 mg/kg, systemic vascular resistance fell below baseline values without affecting systemic blood pressure; these parameters were not altered by the 1 mg/kg dose. Both pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance dropped below baseline and below placebo control for the 2 mg/kg dose. Enoximone at 2 mg/kg lowered right and left heart filling pressures below baseline. Examination of regional hemodynamic responses to both doses demonstrated a reduction in limb vascular resistance and an increase in limb blood flow proportional to the concomitant increase in cardiac output. Renal and hepatic-splanchnic blood flow and vascular resistances were not altered by enoximone. First-dose oral enoximone (1 and 2 mg/kg) alters hemodynamics in heart failure by predominant vasodilatation, particularly of limb-musculoskeletal and pulmonary vascular beds, some positive chronotropism, and modest positive inotropism.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus.
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Leier
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Meiler
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Unverferth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D017335:Enoximone; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D017335:Enoximone