title: Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 penetration by cytochalasins B and D.
abstract: Internalization of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV) KOS strain by HEp-2 cells was reversibly inhibited by pretreatment of cells with cytochalasins B and D. Internalization of virus following preincubation at 4 degrees C and temperature shift to 37 degrees C was normally preceded by a 5 to 8 min lag period and was complete within 20 to 30 min. A similar lag period followed HSV addition at 37 degrees C. Cytochalasin D was fivefold more active on HSV entry than cytochalasin B, with 50% inhibition at 2 microM and 10 microM respectively. Inhibition was completely reversible, such that all cell-bound infectious virus was recovered upon removal of cytochalasin. In conjunction with previous reports, the activity of cytochalasin on HSV entry suggests that a change in cytoskeletal structure following virus attachment triggers a microfilament activity important for internalization of HSV by HEp-2 cells.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hodnichak
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000382:microbiology; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D003572:Cytochalasins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003572:Cytochalasins; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D003571:Cytochalasin B