title: Influence of dimethylacetamide, N-N-diethyl-m-toluamide and 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one on ex vivo permeation of phosphonoformic acid through rat skin.
abstract: Transdermal permeation of trisodium phosphonoformate (PFA) alone and in presence of sorption promoters, dimethylacetamide (DMAC), N-N-diethyl-m-toluamide (NNDEMT) and 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one (Azone) was studied using excised rat skin. DMAC in concentrations between 0.05% to 10% had no effect on amount of PFA in the skin or permeated across skin, flux or lag time. 10% NNDEMT doubled the amount of PFA in the skin, increased fourfold the amount permeated across the skin, and increased the flux fivefold. There was no influence on lag time. Azone doubled the amount of PFA in the skin, more than tripled the amount permeated across the skin, and increased the flux fourfold. There was no influence on lag time.
authors.affiliation: University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Ritschel
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003671:DEET / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017245:Foscarnet; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001381:Azepines; D001549:Benzamides; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D003671:DEET; C035229:laurocapram; D017245:Foscarnet; C013959:dimethylacetamide; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid