title: Insertional activation of c-myc by reticuloendotheliosis virus in chicken B lymphoma: nonrandom distribution and orientation of the proviruses.
abstract: Chicken syncytial virus, a member of the reticuloendotheliosis virus family, can induce chicken B lymphomas indistinguishable from those caused by avian leukosis virus. Previously, we have demonstrated that the chicken syncytial virus proviruses in these tumors are linked to the proto-oncogene c-myc. We have now determined the arrangement of chicken syncytial virus proviruses in 22 tumors. The results indicate that these proviruses, without exception, are integrated upstream from the second c-myc exon. At least 70% of these insertion sites are clustered in a 0.5-kilobase region immediately preceding the exon. The proviruses are all arranged in the same transcriptional orientation as c-myc. This type of provirus organization bears strong resemblance to that of the avian leukosis virus proviruses involved in c-myc activation.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Swift
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shaller
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Witter
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000235:genetics; D001402:B-Lymphocytes; D002645:Chickens; D009857:Oncogenes; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D001356:Reticuloendotheliosis virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D014775:Virus Activation