title: Effect of phentolamine in controlling temperature and acidosis associated with cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: This study assessed the effects of phentolamine on rewarming patterns and metabolic acidosis in 37 patients subjected to hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass for the performance of aortocoronary bypass grafting. An additional 16 patients undergoing the same surgery received no phentolamine and served as a control group. In all patients, sodium bicarbonate (44.6 mEq) was administered only when the negative base excess was 3.0 mEq/L or greater. Sixty-eight percent of the patients receiving phentolamine and 56% of the control patients exhibited a uniform rewarming pattern in which the rectal, hand, and foot temperatures increased in parallel. In 32% of the patients receiving phentolamine and in 44% of the control patients, rectal and hand temperatures increased more than foot temperature during rewarming. Analysis of base excess values in the subgroups of patients with similar rewarming patterns indicated that base deficits were significantly decreased in patients receiving phentolamine. Phentolamine administration was also associated with significantly lower blood lactate levels and sodium bicarbonate requirements, as well as improvements in overall appearance and mental status. These data suggest that the routine use of phentolamine in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass may be associated with more uniform body cooling and rewarming and improved tissue perfusion.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Reichard
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: MacVaugh
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kues
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Cevallos
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lechman
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Donahoo
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D007773:Lactates; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D010646:Phentolamine