title: Effects of monensin, pyromellitic diimide and 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid on rumen fermentation in vitro.
abstract: The effects of monensin, 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid (2-BES) and pyromellitic diimide (diimide) on gas and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production by the rumen microbiota were compared in mixed culture. Oat hay, a hay-concentrate mixture (48% hay, 43% concentrate) and a soluble carbohydrate mixture were used as substrates for microbial growth. The highest concentrations of diimide (10 ppm) and 2-BES (30 microM) decreased methanogenesis by 97 and 76%, respectively, while H2 accumulation was increased 30- and 20-fold, respectively. The effect of monensin on methanogenesis was less dramatic as 10 ppm decreased CH4 accumulation 16% and H2 did not accumulate. Diimide and 2-BES decreased the acetate:propionate ratio with the hay (P less than .05) and soluble carbohydrate mixture (P less than .025). The numbers of saccharolytic, cellulolytic and methanogenic bacteria from sheep fed a diet with diimide (60 ppm) did not differ significantly from sheep fed a control diet. Semicontinuous culture incubations indicated that the mixed rumen microbial population could adapt and degrade diimide after 24 h of incubation.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Macy
mesh_terms: D000476:Alkanesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007096:Imidoesters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008697:Methane / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008985:Monensin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097566:Cyclophanes
chemical_list: D000476:Alkanesulfonates; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005663:Furans; D007096:Imidoesters; D008697:Methane; D008985:Monensin; C018853:2-bromoethanesulfonic acid; C045143:pyromellitic diimide; D000097566:Cyclophanes