title: Involvement of superoxide radicals on adrenochrome formation stimulated by arachidonic acid in bovine heart sarcolemmal vesicles.
abstract: Highly purified sarcolemmal membranes prepared from bovine heart muscle produced superoxide radicals, especially when incubated with NADPH or NADH, as revealed by the oxidation of adrenaline to adrenochrome. The reaction was inhibited by superoxide dismutase or by heat denaturation of the sarcolemmal vesicles. Less evident was the inhibitory effect shown by catalase, while mannitol, deferoxamine or dicumarol were uneffective. The formation of adrenochrome was an oxygen-dependent reaction with a Km for adrenaline of 8-10 microM. Moreover, the reaction was inhibited by preincubating the sarcolemmal membranes with propranolol, while the alpha-antagonist phentolamine was without effect. Adrenaline oxidation was unaffected by the presence of exogenous linolenic acid or methylarachidonic acid, while arachidonic acid, with a Km for this reaction of 175 microM, showed a marked stimulatory effect. This activation was suppressed by superoxide dismutase, catalase and NaCN, while mannitol was without effect. Moreover, the reaction was blocked by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, differently from the lipooxygenase inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Also, the incubation of the sarcolemmal vesicles with phospholipase A2 and calcium produced a stimulation of adrenochrome formation which was partially suppressed by albumin. In the experiments using arachidonic acid or phospholipase A2, the addition of indomethacin blocked the adrenaline oxidation. These results indicate that arachidonic acid accentuated the heart sarcolemmal adrenochrome formation presumably by participating in the cyclooxygenase reaction.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guarnieri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Georgountzos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muscari
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Budini
mesh_terms: D000323:Adrenochrome / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009243:NAD / Q000494:pharmacology; D009249:NADP / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D005609:Free Radicals; D009243:NAD; D013481:Superoxides; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D009249:NADP; D000323:Adrenochrome; D011433:Propranolol; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D004837:Epinephrine