title: Combined asthma and alveolitis due to diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with demonstration of no crossed respiratory reactivity to toluene diisocyanate (TDI).
abstract: Two workers, who developed asthmatic symptoms, were studied with inhalation provocation tests using diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The subjects showed specific asthmatic reactions to MDI challenge (more than 20% fall in FEV1), and one also had an alveolar response. Alveolitis was suggested by fever, basal crackles, increased neutrophil counts in venous blood and in bronchoalveolar lavage. The asthmatic reaction to MDI challenge was associated with an increase in airway responsiveness to methacholine in both subjects. We conclude that MDI is a cause of asthma and/or hypersensitivity pneumonitis in workers exposed to diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mapp
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dal Vecchio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boschetto
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fabbri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000542:Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001249:Asthma / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001980:Bronchi; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D003485:Cyanates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D017953:Isocyanates; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014051:Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds
chemical_list: D003485:Cyanates; D017953:Isocyanates; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D014051:Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate; C005969:4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds