Detection of a raf-related and two other transforming DNA sequences in human tumors maintained in nude mice.
High molecular weight DNAs prepared from a variety of human tumors maintained in nude mice were assayed for their ability to transform NIH 3T3 cells. DNAs from 4 of 21 tumors tested induced transformed foci in cultures of NIH 3T3 cells. They were from a Ewing sarcoma line, a glioblastoma line, a leiomyosarcoma line, and a lung carcinoma line. Hybridization analyses of the NIH 3T3 transformant DNAs with a human repetitive sequence as probe revealed that four distinct transforming DNA sequences were transferred to NIH 3T3 cells from the four tumor lines. The transforming DNA in a lung carcinoma line was a human homologue of the oncogene of Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (Ki-ras). On the other hand, the three other transforming DNAs showed no similarity to any known human transforming gene detected by the NIH 3T3 transformation assay. Further analyses with a series of cloned oncogenes as probes revealed that the transforming DNA in a glioblastoma line was a human homologue of the oncogene of 3611-murine sarcoma virus (raf). However, the two transforming DNAs in a Ewing sarcoma line and a leiomyosarcoma line had no sequence homology to any of the cloned oncogenes.
Fukui
M
M
Yamamoto
T
T
Kawai
S
S
Maruo
K
K
Toyoshima
K
K
D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics; D009857:Oncogenes; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes