Prevention of simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome with a formalin-inactivated type D retrovirus vaccine.
Experimental induction of simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS) by inoculation of juvenile rhesus monkeys with a type D retrovirus was prevented by immunization with Formalin-killed whole SAIDS retrovirus serotype 1 containing the adjuvant threonyl muramyl-dipeptide. All six immunized animals developed neutralizing antibody after three injections, while six age-matched cagemates receiving adjuvant alone were antibody free. All 12 monkeys were challenged intravenously with a potentially lethal dose of SAIDS retrovirus serotype 1. The six immunized animals failed to develop persistent viremia and remained clinically normal 8 months postchallenge. In contrast, five of six nonvaccinates developed persistent viremia, four of six developed clinical SAIDS, and two of six died with SAIDS at 10 weeks and 8 months postchallenge, respectively. These results show that prevention of a common spontaneous retrovirus-induced immunosuppressive disease in macaques is now possible by vaccination.
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines