title: Receptor-responses in fresh human ciliary muscle.
abstract: The physiological and pharmacological properties of ciliary muscle isolated from fresh human eyes were investigated. The muscle exhibited no spontaneous activity. Concentration-dependent contractions in response to carbachol were competitively antagonized by atropine (pA2 = 8.95). The muscle, precontracted by carbachol (2.7 X 10(-4)M), responded to the application of isoprenaline by concentration-dependent relaxation blocked by propranolol (3.5 X 10(-9)M to 3.5 X 10(-8)M; pA2 = 9.15). Angiotensin-evoked contractions were antagonized by 8-Ala-angiotensin II (4.5 X 10(-8)M) in a competitive manner, but were not inhibited by phentolamine or propranolol. Contractions generated by electrical stimulation of the muscle (30 ms, 20 Hz, 60 pulses) were antagonized by atropine (10(-7) M) and tetrodotoxin (6.3 X 10(-7) M). Phentolamine and propranolol did not influence these responses. An increase of the external potassium concentration ([K+]o) from 5.4 to 158.8 mM produced a mechanical response, antagonized by atropine, but not influenced by tetrodotoxin, phentolamine or propranolol. The human ciliary muscle appears to carry muscarinic and angiotensin receptors and beta 2-adrenoceptors. The estimate of Katropine for muscarinic receptors mediating carbachol-induced contractions agrees with estimates of Katropine reported for human and rabbit iris.
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects*; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000187:drug effects*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000187:drug effects*; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D000804:Angiotensin II; C048430:angiotensin II, Ala(8)-; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D001285:Atropine; D002217:Carbachol; D011433:Propranolol; D007545:Isoproterenol; D011188:Potassium; D010646:Phentolamine