Antirhinovirus activity of purine nucleoside analogs.
A wide variety of purine nucleoside (mainly tubercidin and adenosine) analogs, which had previously been shown to inhibit the replication of a broad spectrum of RNA viruses, were evaluated for their antirhinovirus activity in human diploid (WI-38) fibroblasts. Tubercidin, 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)tubercidin, 5-(2-buten-1-yl)tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin emerged as the most potent inhibitors. These compounds inhibited the replication of rhinovirus types 1A, 1B, and 9 at an MIC well below 1 microgram/ml. However, these compounds proved cytotoxic for the uninfected host cells at concentrations which were only slightly higher (3- to 10-fold, on the average) than those required for inhibition of rhinovirus replication. The most selective inhibitor of rhinovirus replication was 3-deazaguanine, with a selectivity index of 50. None of the carbocyclic and acyclic analogs of adenosine tested exhibited a potent or selective antirhinovirus activity.
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D011684:Purine Nucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D011684:Purine Nucleosides