Spectroscopic methods for the determination of membrane surface charge density.
D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008566:Membranes / Q000502:physiology*; D008722:Methods; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D013113:Spin Labels; D013499:Surface Properties
D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D013113:Spin Labels