title: Studies aimed at elucidating the mechanism of action of CI-914, a new cardiotonic agent.
abstract: CI-914 is a novel positive inotropic agent whose cardiotonic activity is not due to inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase or to stimulation of cardiac beta-receptors. CI-914 also has no direct effect on sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria or adenylate cyclase activity. CI-914 does, however, exert a potent inhibitory effect on cardiac phosphodiesterase activity. In evaluating the effect of this agent on the different molecular forms of phosphodiesterase present in cardiac muscle, CI-914 was found to selectively inhibit PDE III, which is a low Km, cAMP-specific form of the enzyme (IC50 = 6.1 microM). This inhibitory effect was found to be competitive with respect to the substrate. Papaverine and theophylline on the other hand were found to inhibit all three forms of phosphodiesterase present in cardiac muscle. The role of phosphodiesterase inhibition in mediating the positive inotropic response to CI-914 is supported by the finding that this agent: (i) significantly elevates cyclic AMP levels in ventricular tissue; (ii) shifts the normal concentration-response to the beta-receptor stimulant isoproterenol to the left: and (iii) restores contractility to K+-depolarized papillary muscles.
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000676:Amrinone; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology; D010208:Papaverine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013806:Theophylline / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000631:Aminopyridines; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011724:Pyridazines; D010042:Ouabain; C042527:imazodan; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D013806:Theophylline; D010208:Papaverine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D000676:Amrinone; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002118:Calcium