Transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States.
By Aug 15, 1985, one hundred ninety-four cases of possible transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had been reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Cases received their transfusions in 30 states. Infants account for 10% of the cases, suggesting an increased susceptibility to developing AIDS. Investigations one to six years after the transfusions have identified high-risk donors to 47 cases. Of 47 high-risk donors tested, 40 had a reactive serology for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) antibody, including five with no risk for AIDS by history. The HTLV-III/LAV was isolated from 23 of 26 seroreactive high-risk donors, most of whom remained asymptomatic. Blood components that transmitted HTLV-III/LAV included red cells, platelets, plasma, and whole blood. The time from transfusion to diagnosis of AIDS ranged from four to 84 months. The risk of developing AIDS after a blood transfusion has been low and will be lowered further by using both self-deferral and antibody screening.
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000635:transmission*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D001782:Blood Donors; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017977:Deltaretrovirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014481:United States
D000914:Antibodies, Viral