title: The role of magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the evaluation of orbital and ocular disease.
abstract: Technical developments have resulted in a great improvement in the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit. With surface coil data acquisition spatial resolution of less than a millimetre can now be achieved, and contrast discrimination is such that the cortex and nucleus of the lens can be distinguished. The application of MRI to the diagnosis of orbital and ocular pathology was studied in a group of 51 patients with a wide range of pathology. Advantages of MRI over computed tomography (CT) included the avoidance of ionising radiation, the direct multiplanar facility and the use of flow-dependent sequences to identify pathological vessels without the need for contrast medium; although CT was superior in showing bone detail. Only a limited discrimination between different tumour types is possible by assessment of their MRI characteristics. Research is currently being directed towards achieving thinner slices, shorter data acquisition times and removal of the high signal from retrobulbar fat.
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D003390:Cranial Nerve Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000473:pathology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D008579:Meningioma / Q000175:diagnosis; D009380:Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue / Q000175:diagnosis; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis