title: Influence of phagocyte-derived active oxygen species in tissue responses to tumour promoters and irritants.
abstract: In response to stimuli such as irritant chemicals, inorganic particles or micro-organisms, phagocytic cells produce a variety of chemical species including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. These reactive oxygen species are cytotoxic and genotoxic to cultured cells and may be responsible for some of the tissue damage associated with inflammation in vivo. The role of phagocyte-derived oxygen radicals in the effects of irritants, tumour promoters and carcinogenic inorganic materials has been explored using mixed cultures of phagocytes and fibroblasts. Catalase-inhibitable cytotoxicity and genetic damage were demonstrated in fibroblasts exposed to neutrophils stimulated with the irritant and tumour promoter phorbol myristate acetate or with zymosan particles. To investigate this phenomenon further, other cell systems have been developed, using epidermal keratinocytes or mesothelial cells in combination with neutrophils or macrophages.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D007509:Irritants / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013481:Superoxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007509:Irritants; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate