title: Embryo vaccination with infectious bursal disease virus alone or in combination with Marek's disease vaccine.
abstract: Studies with specific-pathogen-free chickens revealed that chicks hatching from eggs inoculated at the 18th day of embryonation with infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccine viruses of low virulence (isolates TC-IBDV and BVM-IBDV) developed antibody against IBD virus (IBDV) and resisted challenge with virulent IBDV at 3 weeks of age or older. Embryo vaccination did not adversely affect hatchability of chicks or survival of hatched chicks. Chicks embryonally vaccinated with TC-IBDV had transient histologic lesions in the bursa of Fabricius at hatch. Similar but milder lesions were also noted in chickens that received TC-IBDV at hatch. The level of protection following embryo vaccination with TC-IBDV and BVM-IBDV was similar to that following vaccination with the same vaccines at hatch. Vaccine viruses of moderate virulence (isolates BV-IBDV and 2512-IBDV) were not suitable as vaccines in embryos lacking maternal antibody to IBDV, because the vaccinated chicks developed acute IBD after hatch. Isolate 2512-IBDV was not pathogenic for embryos bearing maternal antibody to IBDV. Maternal antibody against IBDV interfered with efficacy of embryo vaccination with BVM-IBDV but not with 2512-IBDV. Embryo vaccination with a mixture of vaccines against IBD and Marek's disease resulted in protection of hatched chicks against challenge with virulent IBDV and Marek's disease virus.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000276:immunology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007243:Infectious bursal disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D008380:Marek Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012087:Reoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D014612:Vaccines