title: Release of lymphokines after infection with Epstein Barr virus in vitro. II. A monocyte-dependent inhibitor of interleukin 1 downregulates the production of interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-infection of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro induces IFN-alpha secretion from B cell and natural killer (NK) cell populations, and IFN-gamma secretion from T cells. IFN-gamma depends on prior elaboration of IL 2 and IL 1 that originates from monocytes and NK cells. PBMC from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients released moderately elevated levels of IFN-alpha (236 +/- 62 U/ml vs 168 +/- 34 in normals). In contrast, IFN-gamma was significantly lower in RA (88 +/- 34 U/ml vs 209 +/- 32) with an associated deficit in IL 2. A monocyte-dependent factor was shown to be responsible for this deficit, since monocyte depletion of RA cultures normalized the levels of IL 2 and IFN-gamma. Significantly lower levels of IL 1 activity were present in the supernatants of RA PBMC cultures as compared with normal cultures, and this was shown to be associated with presence of a nondialyzable IL 1 inhibitor. This inhibitor was capable of preventing the IL 1-dependent synthesis of IL 2 and IFN-gamma by normal PBMC. Exogenous IL 1 or IL 2 restored the deficient IFN-gamma secretion in RA PBMC. Thus, the deficient ability of RA lymphocytes to control EBV infection may be secondary to impairment of a monocyte-T cell interaction at the level of IL 1.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008222:Lymphokines; D007371:Interferon-gamma