title: Bilateral testicular germ cell tumors. Report of nine cases and review of the literature.
abstract: In a series of 181 patients with testicular germ cell tumors, the phenomenon of bilateral involvement of the testicles was observed nine times (5%). Two patients evidenced a simultaneous bilateral tumor, and, in seven others, a second tumor occurred after an interval ranging between 8 months and 6 years and 11 months. The incidence, histologic findings, therapy, and prognosis of bilateral testicular tumors are discussed on the basis of a survey of the literature. Emphasis is placed on the significance of a long-term follow-up period as well as on the important role of sonography in the early detection of a contralateral tumor.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002369:Castration; D004407:Dysgerminoma / Q000473:pathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000473:pathology*; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography