Phospholipid liposomes enhance the infectivity of purified simian virus 40 virions.
When simian virus 40 virions purified after treatment with sodium deoxycholate were incubated with the extract of monkey kidney CV-1 cells, infectivity of the virions was enhanced. The infectivity-enhancing activity was recovered from the phospholipid fraction of CV-1 cells. The constructed liposomes composed of phosphatidylserine were able to enhance the infectivity of the purified virions, but those composed either of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, or phosphatidylinositol could not. The liposomes constructed with a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine at a ratio of 1:1 (w:w) also enhanced the infectivity of the purified virions. Pretreatment of cells with liposomes either of phosphatidylserine or of phosphatidylethanolamine did not enhance susceptibility of the cells to infection with the purified virions. These observations suggest that the major phospholipids of the cellular membrane, when associated with virions, play a vital role in activation of purified virions.
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D007668:Kidney; D008081:Liposomes; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000502:physiology; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014771:Virion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
D008081:Liposomes; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids