title: A case of hepatocellular carcinoma complicating hepatitis B infection in a nine-year-old boy.
abstract: A 9-year-old boy born of Chinese parents in England, and adopted by English parents at an early age, presented with primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic liver. His serum contained hepatitis B surface antigen and 'e' antibody, a probable result of perinatal infection from an HBsAg carrier mother. The management of infants at risk of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission should now include active and passive immunisation.
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000209:etiology*; D002353:Carrier State; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male