title: Use of cultured renal tubular cells in the study of cell injury.
abstract: The use of various types of cultured mammalian renal tubular epithelial cells in the study of cell injury has been reviewed. Permanent cell lines, primary explant cultures, monolayers from individually microdissected tubules, isolated cells and organ cultures have been used. In the majority of studies, cultured cells of normal tissue origin have been treated with a noxious agent and alterations in growth, morphology, biochemical and immunological properties studied. Earliest studies examined infection by parasites and bacteria and the effects of plant and bacterial toxins, carcinogens, metabolic and transport inhibitors, cytoskeletal perturbants, general inhibitors of protein, glycoprotein, DNA and RNA synthesis. More recent studies have concentrated on the effects of specific nephrotoxins, such as heavy metals and aminoglycoside antibiotics and of ischemia which have bearing on the pathogenesis of acute renal failure. An additional approach has been to culture diseased renal epithelia of cystic, diabetic or tumor origin and compare their properties with those of normal cultured tubular epithelia. Future studies using cultured renal tubular cells will be valuable in elucidating the cellular and subcellular mechanisms of renal epithelial cell injury in disease.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000633:toxicity; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006984:Hypertrophy; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic / Q000473:pathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008670:Metals / Q000633:toxicity; D013552:Swine; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002273:Carcinogens; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D037102:Lectins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008670:Metals; C031717:growth inhibitory proteins; D002118:Calcium