Type beta transforming growth factor controls the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3 fibroblasts.
Differentiating mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes have been used as a model system to study the ability of type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) to modulate cell development. We find that TGF-beta inhibits potently (ID50 approximately equal to 25 pM) the adipogenic conversion of 3T3-L1 cells. Inhibition is observed only when cells are exposed to TGF-beta before they become committed to differentiation. Even a transient (4 hr) exposure to TGF-beta immediately before the commitment point is sufficient to prevent differentiation. This point coincides with the time point immediately preceding the onset of coordinate expression of differentiation-specific proteins in 3T3-L1 cells. TGF-beta interacts with cell surface receptors in 3T3-L1 cells that have structural and binding properties similar to TGF-beta receptors in other cell types in which TGF-beta acts as a growth activator or a growth inhibitor. However, TGF-beta does not markedly alter differentiation-related mitosis in 3T3-L1 cells. The action of TGF-beta on 3T3-L1 cells does not involve changes in cAMP or prostaglandin E levels. These results suggest that TGF-beta is a unique modulator of adipogenic differentiation of fibroblasts.
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D007652:Oxo-Acid-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors
D006133:Growth Substances; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010455:Peptides; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D007652:Oxo-Acid-Lyases; C019909:citrate (pro-3S)-lyase