Effects of antidepressant drugs injected into the amygdala on behavioral responses of rats in the forced swim test.
Experiments were conducted to determine if the actions of antidepressant drugs in a pharmacological screen would be localized to specific brain regions. Rats were infused in discrete brain regions with drugs of different pharmacological properties and processed in the forced swim test. Infusion of imipramine and pargyline into the amygdala produced behavioral responses similar to i.p. injections of the drugs. The regions of the amygdala from which positive responses could be elicited were highly selective. From cannula placements and diffusion studies with autoradiography it appears that a locus of action of imipramine and pargyline is confined to the central, basolateral and/or lateral nuclear regions of the amygdala. Behavioral responses of rats in which imipramine was infused into the anterior amygdala or caudate-putamen did not differ from saline controls. When infused into regions of the amygdala in which imipramine was active, iprindole, an "atypical" antidepressant, did not produce a behavioral response in the forced swim test. Two "false positives" in the forced swim test, atropine and amphetamine, were also not active when infused into the amygdala. These results indicate that the amygdala is a critical site of action for certain antidepressant drugs in the forced swim test, and that behavioral activation in the test induced by iprindole, amphetamine and atropine involve brain regions other than the amygdala.
D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004058:Diffusion; D004082:Dihydroalprenolol / Q000378:metabolism; D007099:Imipramine / Q000378:metabolism; D008845:Microinjections; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D004082:Dihydroalprenolol; D001285:Atropine; D007099:Imipramine