title: Chemistry and biology of spin-trapping radicals associated with halocarbon metabolism in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The spin-trapping method is introduced and discussed. Some chemistry of nitroxides and nitrones is reviewed. Pattern recognition of ESR spectra of nitroxides is outlined. Factors controlling the magnitude of hyperfine splitting constants are mentioned. Methods of assigning spin adducts are listed. Review articles in the literature are referenced. Results in the electrochemical reduction of halocarbons are presented and some parallels with superoxide chemistry shown. Various speculative reactions are given. The in vitro and in vivo experiments where halocarbon radicals have been detected by spin trapping are reviewed and some new results reported. A comparison for different animals is added.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D002645:Chickens; D004227:Dithionite / Q000378:metabolism; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005609:Free Radicals; D006221:Halothane / Q000378:metabolism; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / Q000378:metabolism*; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D013113:Spin Labels; D004227:Dithionite; C039900:nitroxyl; D006221:Halothane