Establishment of herpes simplex virus latency in vitro with cycloheximide.
Human embryonic lung cells were infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV), treated with 10 micrograms/ml or more of cycloheximide for 24 h, incubated at 37 degrees C, and then shifted to 40.5 degrees C for various periods of time (0 to 40 days) without cycloheximide treatment. No infectious virus was detected after freezing and thawing of the cultures; however, infectious virus was recovered after temperature shift-down to 37 degrees C or superinfection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The time course for formation of infectious centres after temperature shift-down was examined with and without HCMV superinfection during incubation at 40.5 degrees C. Two patterns of latently infected cells were identified: one pattern showed spontaneous reactivation of virus after temperature shift-down, and the second showed reactivation of HSV after superinfection with HCMV. The first pattern showed a rapid decrease in the number of infectious centres with time, whereas the second maintained a steady reactivation rate up to 40 days at 40.5 degrees C. The same tendency was observed for infectious centre formation at 37 degrees C with and without HCMV superinfection in the HSV latency system established with (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and interferon treatment.
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000502:physiology; D003856:Deoxyuracil Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology; D008168:Lung; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013696:Temperature; D014709:Vero Cells; D014762:Viral Interference; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014775:Virus Activation
D003856:Deoxyuracil Nucleotides; D007370:Interferon Type I; C039764:5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridylate; D003513:Cycloheximide