title: Interactions between the duration of stimulation and noradrenaline on cholinergic transmission in the myenteric plexus-smooth muscle preparation.
abstract: Output of acetylcholine (ACh), electromyogram (EMG) recordings and contractions of myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle strip preparations from the guinea-pig ileum were studied during stimulation by single impulses or by trains (30 Hz; 2 to 128 impulses) under control conditions and in the presence of noradrenaline (NA). During supramaximal stimulation NA (2.5 microM) inhibited both contractions of the smooth muscle and the release of ACh evoked by single impulses more effectively than those evoked by train stimulation so that in a train of 4 impulses the output of ACh per impulse after the 2nd to 4th impulses was 69 to 104% higher than the output after the 1st impulse. During submaximal stimulation, contractions and ACh release evoked by single impulses were almost completely inhibited by NA. The neurogenic EMG, a direct consequence of the localized action of released transmitter (ACh), was recorded in the longitudinal muscle 4 and 10 mm aborally from the focal stimulation site. The incidence of the neurogenic response was much higher at the proximal (4 mm) than at the distal (10 mm) site and was proportional to the number of impulses in a train (100 Hz). NA inhibited propagation of the neurogenic response evoked by single impulses whereas its effect during train stimulation was less. It is concluded that in the course of train stimulation, sites of transmission more distant from the stimulation focus was recruited, and consequently the secretion of ACh in succeeding impulses was enhanced. NA could interfere with this process; it might inhibit the invasion by action potentials of cholinergic nerve terminal varicosities, thereby reducing the release of ACh.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002799:Cholinergic Fibers / Q000502:physiology; D004576:Electromyography; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000502:physiology*; D009433:Neural Inhibition; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
chemical_list: D000109:Acetylcholine; D009638:Norepinephrine