title: Isolation of dinitropyrene in emission gas from a municipal incinerator and its formation by a photochemical reaction.
abstract: In a previous paper, direct-acting mutagenicity was reported in emission gas from incomplete municipal incineration using Salmonella typhimurium TA-98 and TA-100. This paper reports the detection of dinitropyrene (DNP) as a direct-acting mutagen using nitrogen selective gas chromatography. The gas-phase photochemical reaction of pyrene with nitrogen dioxide was examined in a quartz vessel with various reaction times and temperatures. 1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) was readily formed from pyrene in the absence of light irradiation and at low temperature, but DNP was not formed under similar conditions. DNP formation was catalyzed by nitric acid. The formation of DNP is dependent on light irradiation, temperature and HNO3 as catalyst. In a combustion source these factors affect the formation of DNP.
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005740:Gases; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005740:Gases; D009153:Mutagens; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011721:Pyrenes