title: Divergent disease patterns in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transgenic mice associated with different transgene insertion sites.
abstract: A comparison was made of disease development in two lines of transgenic mice in which the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) transgene was inserted in different chromosomal locations. Female-line mice (X chromosome insertion) had equivalent elevations of serum GM-CSF levels to those in male-line mice (autosomal insertion) but a shorter survival (median survival, 95 versus 145 days) and a significantly higher incidence of large inflammatory foci in skeletal muscle and gut congestion. Male-line transgenic mice had higher levels of cells in the peritoneal cavity and a higher frequency of spleen enlargement with excess erythropoiesis than female-line mice and uniquely developed fibrotic nodules in the abdominal and pleural cavities. The various diseases in GM-CSF transgenic mice are likely to have been induced by GM-CSF-stimulated products of macrophages, and in the two transgenic lines the macrophages exhibit characteristic differences in morphology and possibly functional activity.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy; D002452:Cell Count; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D004920:Erythropoiesis; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics*; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008098:Litter Size; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000235:genetics*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000473:pathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor