Double-blind randomized, crossover trial of calcium supplementation in essential hypertension.
In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 23 middle-aged patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were given an oral calcium supplement (1 g/day) for 8 weeks. At the end of this period, eight patients continued with this treatment for an additional 2 weeks but were also given 0.5 micrograms/day of 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3. In the 21 patients who completed the study, arterial pressure during the calcium-supplemented phase was almost identical to that of the placebo phase. In eight patients, mean arterial pressure (MAP) had changed by greater than 5 mmHg at the end of the calcium-supplemented period, compared with the end of the placebo phase (six patients showed an increase in MAP and two a decrease). Changes in arterial pressure were unrelated to age, plasma ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone, 24-h urinary calcium, sodium and potassium and were only weakly related to body weight. In the eight patients who continued with the treatment of calcium plus 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 after the 8-week study period, arterial pressure changed very little and not significantly. These results do not support the suggestion that calcium supplements lower arterial pressure in middle-aged subjects with mild to moderate essential hypertension.
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D011897:Random Allocation
D010919:Placebos; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium