Protection of cattle from bovine herpesvirus type I (BHV-1) infection by immunization with individual viral glycoproteins.
The major glycoproteins gI, gIII, and gIV of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) were found to induce high levels of antibody in cattle which could neutralize virus and participate in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity of BHV-1-infected cells. Immunized animals were fully protected from disease, using a BHV-1/Pasteurella haemolytica aerosol challenge model but not from infection with the virus. Thus, virus could still replicate in the nasal passages of immunized animals, although to a lesser extent than in placebo-treated animals or animals immunized with a commercial killed whole virus vaccine. Systemic spread of the virus in immunized animals did not appear to occur since there was not a dramatic alteration of leukocyte function following challenge. These results suggest that any one of the three major BHV-1 glycoproteins may be useful as a subunit vaccine either individually or in combination.
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D002417:Cattle; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D005334:Fever; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006023:Glycoproteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D013481:Superoxides