title: Characterization of the isolated rat flexor digitorum brevis for the study of skeletal muscle phosphorylase kinase phosphorylation.
abstract: The flexor digitorum brevis skeletal muscle, a nearly homogeneous fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fiber type, has been examined for its suitability to explore the regulation of phosphorylase kinase by multisite phosphorylation. A characterization of the adrenergic response of glycogenolytic enzymes, together with the previous data on contractile properties (Carlsen, R. C., Larson, D. B., and Walsh, D. A. (1985) Can. J. Physiol. Pharm. 63, 958-965), has demonstrated that this muscle is stably maintained for the several hours necessary for phosphorylation studies. The phosphorylase kinase in this muscle is primarily the alpha' isozyme, suggesting that the alpha versus alpha' isozyme distribution in muscle is related more to oxidative capacity than to fiber contractile characteristics. Using this muscle system, beta-adrenergic activation of phosphorylase kinase was observed to occur with concomitant phosphorylation of both the alpha' and beta subunits, with the total in the alpha' subunit being approximately 3-fold greater. Similarly, deactivation, following initial adrenergic activation, occurred concomitantly with the dephosphorylation of the two subunits. These results are compatible with the conclusions drawn from previous studies of the isolated enzyme and of the enzyme in perfused rat cardiac muscle, that both alpha' (or alpha) and beta subunit phosphorylation regulate phosphorylase kinase activity.
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009132:Muscles / Q000201:enzymology*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010764:Phosphorylase Kinase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006005:Phosphorylases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010710:Phosphates; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006003:Glycogen; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006005:Phosphorylases; D006006:Glycogen Synthase; D010764:Phosphorylase Kinase; D007545:Isoproterenol; D004837:Epinephrine