title: Ames mutagenicity and concentration of the strong mutagen 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone and of its geometric isomer E-2-chloro-3-(dichloromethyl)-4-oxo-butenoic acid in chlorine-treated tap waters.
abstract: The Ames mutagenicity and the concentration of the strong Ames mutagen 3-chloro-4-(dichloro-methyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) and its geometric isomer E-2-chloro-3-(dichloromethyl)-4-oxobutenoic acid (E-MX), derived from chlorination of humus, were determined in XAD extracts of tap water collected from 26 localities in Finland. The 23 tap waters treated with disinfectants gave a positive response in strain TA100. MX and E-MX were detected in all extracts exhibiting mutagenicity with the exception of 3 extracts of marginal activity. MX accounted for 15-57% (average 33%) of the observed mutagenicity. The concentration of E-MX was slightly lower than the corresponding concentration of MX. Linear correlations were observed between mutagenicity and concentration of MX and E-MX, with correlation coefficients of 0.894 for MX and 0.910 for E-MX.
mesh_terms: D002713:Chlorine; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005663:Furans / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007536:Isomerism; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005663:Furans; D009153:Mutagens; C057390:2-chloro-3-(dichloromethyl)-4-oxobutenoic acid; D002713:Chlorine; C054121:3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone