title: Extragonadal germ cell tumor: the preoperative urological evaluation.
abstract: Primary extragonadal germ cell tumors were diagnosed in 4 patients in whom surgical or postmortem examination of the testis failed to reveal germ cell tumor. A fifth patient underwent serial examination with testicular ultrasound without evidence of any abnormalities and he remains free of disease following chemotherapy. Based on our experience and a literature review, it is our opinion that orchiectomy is not indicated unless there is a palpable testicular abnormality, recent change in testicular size or consistency, abnormal testicular ultrasound or history of cryptorchidism, or if the primary tumor is choriocarcinoma.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012186:Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy