Mechanisms of antiviral immunity induced by a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D: cytotoxic T cells.
We used a transfected L cell and a vaccinia vector carrying the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gene coding for glycoprotein D (gD) to characterize HSV-specific T-cell responses. Various studies with mice revealed that the vectors could stimulate some HSV-specific T-cell responses. Although the majority of the T cells contributing to the HSV-1 gD-specific proliferative response were of the Lyt-2.1+ phenotype, cytotoxic T cells (Tc), surprisingly, were not induced by these gD vectors. Even though gD appeared to be a target for a class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted killer cell, neither gD vector was capable of forming a target cell complex which could be recognized by class I MHC-restricted HSV-specific Tc. Further investigation of the gD-specific responses revealed the presence of potent suppressor cells and factors capable of inhibiting HSV-specific Tc induction in in vitro assays. One interpretation of these data is that class I MHC-restricted HSV- and gD-specific Tc do not develop during HSV infection because of active suppression.
D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D013491:Suppressor Factors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013491:Suppressor Factors, Immunologic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C039447:glycoprotein D, Human herpesvirus 1