Reduction in in vivo testing at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories of the United States Department of Agriculture.
Efforts are being made at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories to reduce in vivo testing of USDA licensed veterinary vaccines. A hemagglutination test for determining potency of killed parvovirus vaccine is currently being used for canine and swine adjuvanted and nonadjuvanted products; a serum neutralization inhibition test (SNIT) is being developed for potency testing of killed adjuvanted infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) and parainfluenza (PI3) vaccines: and a tissue culture titration method for live avian encephalomyelitis virus vaccine is being pursued as a replacement for the old hatch-out chick embryo titration method. Difficulties in separating the antigen from oil emulsion products are preventing significant advances in developing in vitro testing procedures for poultry killed-virus vaccines.
D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002645:Chickens; D001350:Encephalomyelitis Virus, Avian / Q000276:immunology; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology; D010321:Parvoviridae / Q000276:immunology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000592:standards*
D014765:Viral Vaccines