title: Butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and tert.-butylhydroquinone are not mutagenic in the Salmonella/microsome assay using new tester strains.
abstract: The phenolic antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and tert.-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) were reassessed for mutagenic activity using the recently developed Salmonella tester strains TA97, TA102 and TA104, and in addition TA100. None of the phenolic antioxidants showed mutagenic activity, either with or without metabolic activation. At doses of 100 micrograms/plate and higher all 3 phenolic antioxidants exhibited toxic effects. A modification of the assay using the preincubation procedure with strain TA104 did not affect mutation frequencies. Combinations of BHA and BHT, tested to detect possible synergistic effects, did not exert mutagenic activity.
mesh_terms: D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000633:toxicity*; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000633:toxicity*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006873:Hydroquinones; D009153:Mutagens; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; C018855:2-tert-butylhydroquinone