title: Effect of defaunation and refaunation of the rumen on rumen fermentation and N-flow in the duodenum of sheep.
abstract: In order to confirm earlier fragmentary results, the effect of defaunation and refaunation of the rumen on the fermentation pattern and flow of N-components in the proximal duodenum of two sheep was investigated. Defaunation had no effect on acetic acid as a proportion of the total volatile fatty acids in the rumen, while the proportions of propionic acid increased with a concomitant decrease in butyrate. Refaunation resulted in lower acetic acid and higher butyric acid proportions. The concentration of ammonia N in the rumen was clearly decreased after defaunation, already indicating an effect of the elimination of protozoa on nitrogen metabolism in the rumen. Defaunation also increased significantly the flow of total N, non ammonia N and individual and total amino acids in the proximal duodenum. Defaunation resulted in higher bacterial growth efficiency, significantly in one sheep, but the decrease after refaunation was statistically significant for both sheep. Determination of rumen digestibility of organic matter and acid detergent fibre (ADF) revealed lower values in the absence of the protozoa, while total digestibility was only influenced to a much lower extent. This indicated a shift of digestion from rumen to the lower digestive tract. Finally, earlier work is discussed in the light of the present findings.
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D012756:Sheep / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen