title: Sulbactam plus ampicillin: interim review of efficacy and safety for therapeutic and prophylactic use.
abstract: The efficacy and safety of sulbactam/ampicillin has been evaluated in 39 studies of therapeutic use and six studies of prophylaxis. Studies of therapy were conducted in 899 patients: 751 seriously ill, many of whom had multiple concurrent diseases, and 148 with gonorrhea. Overall clinical and bacteriologic success was achieved in 92% of assessable cases; 88% of 768 pathogens in these patients were eradicated. Of these pathogens, 43% were resistant to ampicillin; eradication rates of 91% and 85% were achieved in ampicillin-resistant and ampicillin-sensitive organisms, respectively. In 388 patients who received prophylactic sulbactam/ampicillin, efficacy was similar to that of comparative agents and better than that of a placebo in preventing wound infections after appendiceal, biliary, upper-gastrointestinal, or gynecologic surgery. Adverse reactions were infrequent with the exception of injection-site pain, which occurred mainly after intramuscular injection and was reduced in incidence by concurrent administration of lidocaine.
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011292:Premedication; D013407:Sulbactam; D065093:beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D065093:beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; C035444:sultamicillin; D000667:Ampicillin; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D013407:Sulbactam