title: Enhancement of the ocular hypotensive effect of acetazolamide by diflunisal.
abstract: We studied the effect of diflunisal on intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma who were receiving maximally tolerated therapy. Diflunisal therapy, 500 mg twice daily, was started in 48 patients for one week. No changes were made in their regular antiglaucoma medications. Intraocular pressure was reduced an additional 3.8 +/- 3.1 mm Hg (+/- S.D.) in the acetazolamide-treated patients (P less than .0001) and 1.6 +/- 1.5 mm Hg in methazolamide-treated patients (P less than .02), while no significant reduction in intraocular pressure was found in patients receiving topical medications alone. In 15 acetazolamide-treated patients, total plasma concentrations of acetazolamide after diflunisal therapy were significantly higher than the prediflunisal levels, suggesting a modest decrease in renal excretion. In seven acetazolamide-treated patients, free plasma concentrations of acetazolamide were found to increase 5.6-fold after diflunisal therapy. We concluded that diflunisal potentiated the ocular hypotensive effect of acetazolamide by increasing its free plasma level.
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004061:Diflunisal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008704:Methazolamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012459:Salicylates / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D012459:Salicylates; D004061:Diflunisal; D000086:Acetazolamide; D008704:Methazolamide