Angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitors containing unnatural alpha-amino acid analogues of phenylalanine.
The activity of three angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors with unique related structures was assessed in vitro and in vivo. The three compounds were (S)(-)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-(3-mercapto-1-oxopropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxylic acid (EU-4865), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-(3-mercapto-1-oxopropyl)-1- isoquinolinecarboxylic acid (EU-4881), and (S)(-)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(3-mercapto-1-oxopropyl)-2- quinolinecarboxylic acid (EU-5031). In vitro EU-4881 was a competitive inhibitor that lacked potency (IC50 = 1980 nM) against purified ACE. The other two compounds were equipotent (IC50 = 41 nM) against purified ACE but differed in their inhibition kinetics. EU-4865 (Ki = 38 nM) was a noncompetitive inhibitor, and EU-5031 (Ki = 6.9 nM) was a competitive inhibitor. Against caveolae membrane-bound ACE EU-4881 also lacked potency (IC50 = 2852 nM). In vivo in the conscious acute aortic coarctate (AAC) rat it also lacked potency, having an ED30 (oral dose decreasing blood pressure 30 mmHg) greater than 100 mg/kg. The activity of EU-4865 and EU-5031 in the caveolae membrane-bound ACE and AAC rat reflected their different Ki values rather than their similar IC50 values. In vitro, EU-4865 and EU-5031 had IC50 values of 19 and 6.7 nM, respectively, and in vivo, they had ED30 values of 52 and 1.1 mg/kg, respectively. These results suggest that ACE has a binding requirement for a carboxy-terminus, hydrophobic amino acid that is important for in vivo activity.
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D004656:Enalapril / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007546:Isoquinolines; D011804:Quinolines; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D004656:Enalapril; C051178:EU 5031; C051177:EU 4865; C051176:1,2,3,4 tetrahydro-2-(3-mercapto-1-oxopropyl)-1-isoquinolinecarboxylic acid; D002216:Captopril