title: Unusual applications of ureteroscopy.
abstract: Six cases of combined percutaneous and ureteroscopic opening or reanastomosis of completely occluded ureters are described. All patients had previously had nephrostomy tubes inserted to salvage their kidneys.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy