title: Acute rejection in human liver grafts: a comparative histologic study of cases maintained on azathioprine and prednisone versus cyclosporine A and low-dose steroids.
abstract: The morphology of acute rejection (AR) in biopsies of liver allografts obtained in the first 2 weeks after transplantation was analyzed. Material from patients maintained on azathioprine and prednisone (AZA; Groningen, The Netherlands) was compared with that of patients receiving cyclosporine A and prednisone (with or without azathioprine) in low doses (CSA; Minneapolis). Strict selection criteria were applied to exclude circulatory and biliary complications and viral infection in this early observation period after transplantation. Follow-up biopsies ranged from 3 weeks to 1 year after transplantation. Time zero biopsies and/or pretransplant biopsies served as baseline histology, Our data revealed an identical morphologic picture during AR early after transplantation in both patient groups, except for a more marked degree of venous endothelialitis and hepatocyte ballooning in the Minnesota material. The follow-up biopsies suggested a spontaneous resolution of these early rejection episodes without antirejection treatment in six of the ten AZA patients. No differences in the long-term survival rate between the CSA- and AZA-treated patients were observed.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004727:Endothelium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins; D001379:Azathioprine; D011241:Prednisone