A comparison of cellular actions between gliclazide and a hypoglycaemic peptide fragment of human growth hormone (hGH 6-13).
The mechanisms of hypoglycaemic action of a 'second-generation' sulphonylurea, gliclazide, and a synthetic human growth hormone fragment, hGH 6-13 (Leu-Ser-Arg-Leu-Phe-Asp-Asn-Ala), were compared at the cellular level in rats. Both compounds were shown to be hypoglycaemic in vivo although their molecular structures were totally different. Gliclazide was markedly insulinotropic, as are all hypoglycaemic sulphonylureas, whereas hGH 6-13 had no visible effect on basal levels of plasma insulin. However, in vitro studies with isolated pancreatic islets revealed that hGH 6-13 significantly augmented insulin secretion in the presence of exogenous glucose. One other major difference was that gliclazide had no direct effect on insulin receptor function while the synthetic hGH 6-13 increased the binding of insulin to specific receptors on isolated cells. Results suggested that the human growth hormone fragment hGH 6-13 could be a potential anti-diabetes drug with the ability to potentiate circulating insulin action and to achieve blood glucose normalisation.
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005907:Gliclazide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; C037849:somatotropin (6-13); D013006:Growth Hormone; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D005907:Gliclazide