Marked hyperbilirubinemia in infectious mononucleosis. Analysis of laboratory data in seven patients.
While mild to moderate hepatic dysfunction is commonly encountered in infectious mononucleosis induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), clinical jaundice with high bilirubin levels (greater than or equal to 6.0 mg/dL [greater than or equal to 103 mumol/L] is only occasionally encountered. In this study, seven patients with primary EBV infections had peak bilirubin levels of 10.2 to 23.0 mg/dL (174 to 393 mumol/L) and, for the most part, presented initial diagnostic problems. Complications included the virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome in one patient and transient renal failure in another. The laboratory data suggested that a combination of hemolysis and viral-induced cholestasis was responsible for the intense hyperbilirubinemia in at least five patients. Physicians should be aware that marked hyperbilirubinemia can occur with EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis and, thereby, obviate the need for costly diagnostic laboratory tests and, occasionally, invasive procedures.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006932:Hyperbilirubinemia / Q000209:etiology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D007244:Infectious Mononucleosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M