title: Cooperative interaction of multiple DNA elements in the human interferon-beta promoter.
abstract: Analysis of promoter mutants and hybrids in permanently transformed murine L cells reveals several regulatory DNA sequence elements in the 5' flanking region of the human interferon-beta gene, which together constitute the inducible promoter. The elements consist almost exclusively of purine runs in the region -111 to -1. Deletion of single elements reduces the expression capacity drastically, whereas duplication leads to a synergism of inducible expression. These elements act together in a cooperative way to achieve high inducibility. Natural and mutant promoter fragments containing these elements impose inducibility on a heterologous promoter. However, typical enhancer activity in this system is not observed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D004247:DNA / Q000502:physiology*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D007739:L Cells; D005810:Multigene Family; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000235:genetics; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I; D004247:DNA; D013937:Thymidine Kinase