Chemotherapy of advanced head and neck cancer: updated results of a randomized trial of the order of administration of sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil.
One hundred and twenty-seven patients with advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNC) were randomized to treatment with methotrexate (MTX) followed 1 hour later by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (sequence MF), or 5-fluorouracil followed after 1 hour by methotrexate (sequence FM). One hundred and seventeen patients were evaluable for response. There was no significant difference in response rates between the MF and FM sequences. Overall, 8 patients (6.8%) achieved complete response (CR) and 46 (39.3%) partial response (PR). In 95 previously untreated patients, the overall response rate (CR + PR) was 50%, compared with 31% for previously treated patients (P = 0.02). Survival duration significantly favored the FM sequence in univariate analyses (P = 0.04). Stepwise multivariate Cox model analysis showed that poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) at study entry (P less than 0.001) and prior radiotherapy (P = 0.03) were significant adverse predictors for survival. When allowance was made for these factors, a survival difference in favor of the FM sequence remained (P = 0.003). Sequential MTX followed 1 hour later by 5-FU is not recommended for treatment of HNC.
Mackintosh
J F
JF
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Coates
A S
AS
Tattersall
M H
MH
Swanson
C
C
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D011897:Random Allocation
D005472:Fluorouracil; D008727:Methotrexate