Fifteen years' experience with the Multiload IUD.
The Multiload IUD with an exposed copper surface area of 250 mm2 (MLCu250) was developed in 1972 and has become one of the most widely used IUDs. Modifications to the MLCu250 include an increase in the area of exposed copper wire to 375 mm2 (the MLCu375) and an increase in the diameter of copper wire from 0.3 to 0.4 mm. The Multiload has been evaluated extensively in noncomparative and comparative clinical trials. In these latter studies the MLCu250 performed better than the Cu-7 and TCu-200, and the MLCu375 performed better than the Fincoid or Nova T and about equally as well as the TCu380. Pooled data from over 26,000 insertions of the MLCu250 gave the following 3-year cumulative event rates (per 100 women): pregnancy, 2.0; expulsion, 3.1; removal for pain/bleeding, 7.1. Comparative studies of the Multiload and other IUDs have shown all IUDs in current use are associated with similar rates of pelvic inflammatory disease. IUDs such as the MLCu375 that have larger copper surface areas appear to be associated with lower ectopic pregnancy rates. Follow-up studies of women who have had their Multiloads removed indicate that use of the device does not impair future fertility or affect pregnancy outcome. All IUD users, regardless of the type of IUD used, are at risk of complications. On balance, the benefits of IUD usage far exceed the associated risks.
Van Os
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Elisabeth Gasthuis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haarlem, The Netherlands.
Edelman
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D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007433:Intrauterine Device Expulsion; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011275:Pregnancy, Unwanted