title: Intrathecal papaverine for the prevention of paraplegia after operation on the thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta.
abstract: Eleven patients undergoing operation on the descending or thoracoabdominal aorta were administered papaverine intrathecally in an attempt to protect the spinal cord from ischemic damage. Concurrently, 19 patients, also undergoing operation on the thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta, were operated on with a variety of conventional techniques, including distal aortic perfusion, but were not given intrathecal papaverine. No signs of early neurologic injury developed in any of the patients in the intrathecal papaverine group, although delayed paraparesis developed in one of the patients (9%; 70% confidence limits = 1% to 28%). On the other hand, eight of 19 patients undergoing operation with conventional techniques had either lower extremity paraparesis or paraplegia postoperatively (42%; 70% confidence limits = 29% to 57%; p = 0.058). Intrathecal papaverine appeared to provide spinal cord protection during thoracic aortic operations, particularly during prolonged periods of aortic cross-clamping. Papaverine was not associated with increased risk and may be superior to other conventionally used modalities. We conclude that continued evaluation of this technique is justified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cosgrove
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lytle
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Beven
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Furlan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Grum
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hinder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003250:Constriction; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008875:Middle Aged; D010208:Papaverine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000098:blood supply*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010208:Papaverine