title: Comparison of amoxycillin/clavulanate with amoxycillin in children and adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and infection with Haemophilus influenzae.
abstract: 71 children and adults (median age 7 years) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in which ampicillin-sensitive Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from lower airway secretions were included in a single-blind study comparing amoxycillin/clavulanate and amoxycillin alone. The dosage of amoxycillin was 50 mg/kg/day given together with probenecid and divided in 3 doses. Duration of treatment was 14 days. Clinical and bacteriological examinations were performed at study entry and again immediately after the treatment period. A late bacteriological follow-up 1.5 months after entry was performed. 65 patients were eligible for analysis of clinical outcome, and no difference between the groups was found. Side-effects were mild at a frequency of 3% for either preparation. In terms of eradication of the initially isolated H. influenzae amoxycillin/clavulanate tended to be better than amoxycillin, although the difference was not significant (70% and 57%, respectively). In a subset of 33 patients with polymicrobial flora amoxycillin/clavulanate was significantly more effective than amoxycillin. However, amoxycillin/clavulanate did not significantly reduce the emergency of beta-lactamase producing H. influenzae during treatment, and thus offers no advantage over amoxycillin in patients with amoxycillin-sensitive H. influenzae. The combination should be reserved to patients with either polymicrobial flora or ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stafanger
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Høiby
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bondesson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D002969:Clavulanic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002969:Clavulanic Acids; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D000658:Amoxicillin