title: Cost containment using cysteine HCl acidification to increase calcium/phosphate solubility in hyperalimentation solutions.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if (1) the calcium/phosphate insoluble product was inversely related to pH [when cysteine HC1 (CH) was added as neonatal supplementation at 0.5 mM/kg/day to hyperalimentation (HAL) solutions] and (2) the potential cost savings to the hospital. The pH of the HAL solutions was adjusted by adding various amounts of CH to the HAL solution. HAL solutions containing 27 mEq of calcium/liter and 30 mEq (15 mM) of phosphate/liter were compounded. Ten-milliliter aliquots were analyzed at 0, 12, 24, and 48 hr. All samples (n = 56) were filtered (0.22 mu), viewed with 7-10,000 X magnification scanning electron microscopy, and qualitatively analyzed with a Philips Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis System equipped with a SW9100 Microprocessor. Calcium/phosphate insoluble product was present in the 0-, 12-, 24-, and 48-hr samples from the CH-free solutions. The solutions containing 759 mg (4.17 mM)/liter of CH however, remained free of precipitant. This investigation demonstrated that addition of CH to HAL can foster significant cost containment (projected $82,000/yr tangible hospital savings) by the elimination of current calcium/phosphate separation procedures for neonates on parenteral nutrition.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fischlschweiger
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sitren
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Thakker
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cerda
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003363:Cost Control; D003545:Cysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012995:Solubility; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D003545:Cysteine; D002118:Calcium