title: Synthesis and disulfide structure determination of porcine endothelin: an endothelium-derived vasoconstricting peptide.
abstract: All disulfide analogs (types A, B and C) of porcine or human endothelin, a 21-amino acid peptide having two intramolecular disulfide bonds, were synthesized and their retention times on HPLC were compared with that of natural endothelin. One of the analogs (type A) having disulfide bonds between positions 1 and 15 and between 3 and 11 was found to be identical with natural endothelin. Random oxidation of fully reduced endothelin formed a mixture of type A and B in a ratio of 3:1, with almost none of type C, which has disulfide bonds between positions 1 and 3 and between 11 and 15. Type A endothelin was also synthesized by the segment condensation procedure in solution applying our maximum protection strategy. This product was found to have full vasoconstricting activity in rat pulmonary artery ring preparations; the potency was as high as that of the natural product.
authors.affiliation: Peptide Institute Inc., Protein Research Foundation, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumagaye
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: T X
authors.initials: TX
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004220:Disulfides / Q000032:analysis; D016232:Endothelins; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013552:Swine; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D004220:Disulfides; D016232:Endothelins; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010455:Peptides