title: Rat growth hormone gene expression: both cell-specific and thyroid hormone response elements are required for thyroid hormone regulation.
abstract: The elements that we have identified in the 5'-flanking region of the rat growth hormone gene are shown in Figure 7, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1) Cell-specific expression of the rat growth hormone gene is mediated by two CSEs, which are located from -95 to -65 and from -137 to -107.2) These CSEs bind a common cell-specific trans-acting factor (GH-CSF), which is found in growth hormone-producing cells. 3) Enhanced levels of cell-specific expression may involve a protein-protein interaction when this factor binds on the same side of the DNA helix as the two CSEs. 4) A TRE is located between -208 and -178. 5) Activation of the gene by thyroid hormone appears to require both the TRE and one of the CSEs, and both are required to confer L-T3 stimulation to several heterologous promoters. 6) Our studies support the notion that stimulation by L-T3 involves the binding of the L-T3-receptor complex to the TRE, which enhances the function of the CSEs, resulting in stimulation of growth hormone gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016.
authors.forename: Z S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casanova
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Samuels
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D013006:Growth Hormone