title: Nodules in the conjunctiva, bung-eye, and bulge-eye in Africa caused by Mansonella perstans.
abstract: Eight patients from Uganda, Sudan, Nigeria, and Zaire presented with swelling of the eyelids, proptosis, or conjunctival granulomas. In 5 patients the cause was Mansonella perstans; in 1, it was a Wuchereria bancrofti-like worm; and in 2, an unidentifiable worm. The morphologic features and histopathologic changes in the conjunctiva and periorbital fat are described and illustrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Parasitic Disease Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Neafie
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Connor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000469:parasitology*; D015822:Eye Infections, Parasitic / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D005368:Filariasis / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008366:Mansonella / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008368:Mansonelliasis / Q000469:parasitology*; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D014958:Wuchereria bancrofti / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000302:isolation & purification