title: Cooperative effects of gamma interferon and 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in inducing differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.
abstract: Various agents induce differentiation of human leukemia cells in vitro. Most of these agents cause myeloid differentiation, but phorbol diesters, 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH2]D3), and certain lymphokines cause differentiation to monocyte-like cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the cooperative effects of 1,25(OH2)D3 and the lymphokine gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) on HL-60 cell differentiation. The recombinant human IFN-gamma or 1,25(OH2)D3 caused a slight reduction in the proliferation of the HL-60 cells (30%-40% reduction at doses of 100-200 U/ml [0.25-0.50 nM] IFN-gamma, or 5-25 nM 1,25[OH2]D3). HL-60 cells treated with 100 U/ml IFN-G had an eightfold increase in expression of nonspecific esterase (NSE) and a twofold increase in H2O2 production in response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). 1,25(OH2)D3 enhanced NSE expression eight- to 30-fold and H2O2 secretion twofold in response to PMA. There was also enhanced expression of HLA-DR and the receptor for C3bi. The 1,25(OH2)D3- and IFN-gamma-differentiating effects appeared to be additive or synergistic. Populations of IFN-gamma-treated HL-60 cells (but not the 1,25[OH2]D3-treated cells) had multinucleated giant cells. The polykaryons had NSE activity and had some properties of macrophage polykaryons or osteoclasts. 1,25(OH2)D3 did not augment the IFN-gamma-induced polykaryon formation.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Misukonis
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Borowitz
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002117:Calcitriol