Altered calcium homeostasis in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemic and hypoxic injury.
Pathological calcification, observed in infarcted myocardium under certain conditions, is the most severe manifestation of abnormal calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis induced by ischemia and related forms of myocardial injury. Specialized techniques for measurement of intracellular electrolytes, i.e., electron probe X-ray microanalysis, and intracellular free Ca2+, i.e. carboxylate indicators including fura-2, are providing new insights into regulation of intracellular Ca2+ and the role of altered Ca2+ homeostasis in the pathogenesis of myocardial cell injury. Several lines of investigation indicate that increased intracellular Ca2+ develops in association with other electrolyte alterations, altered cell volume regulation, and altered membrane phospholipid composition during the progression of myocardial cell injury.
Buja
L M
LM
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
Hagler
H K
HK
Willerson
J T
JT
D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000032:analysis
D002118:Calcium