title: Cognitive function during hypoglycaemia in type I diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Neuropsychological testing was carried out in 16 insulin dependent (type I) diabetic men during four periods when mean blood glucose concentrations were (A) 6.3 (SEM 0.13) mmol/l (113.5 (SEM 2.3) mg/100 ml), (B) 2.9 (0.05) mmol/l (52.3 (0.9) mg/100 ml), and (C) 1.8 (0.03) mmol/l (32.4 (0.05) mg/100 ml), all measured during intravenous insulin infusion, and (D) 6.1 (0.13) mmol/l (109.9 (2.3) mg/100 ml), measured after intravenous glucose. The total neuropsychological test score decreased between periods A and B, A and C, and B and C, whereas improvement occurred between periods C and D (all p less than 0.02). These results were not due to changes in individual subjects alone but were consistent for the whole group. During hypoglycaemia there were changes in the patients' estimates of elapsed time, which were underestimated at period C as compared with the estimates at periods A, B, and D (all p less than 0.05). None of the 16 patients noticed symptoms of hypoglycaemia at period A or B, 12 reported symptoms at C, and one at D. Patients with type I diabetes may show a deterioration in neuropsychological skills during periods of asymptomatic subnormal or hypoglycaemic blood glucose concentrations.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pramming
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thorsteinsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Theilgaard
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pinner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Binder
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose