title: Activation of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase and B-2 microglobulin in cancer patients treated with partially pure gamma interferon: dependence of biological effect on administration route.
abstract: Partially pure immune (gamma) interferon (IFN-gamma) was administered to patients intramuscularly (IM), by rapid IV bolus, and by 6-h continuous infusion as part of a phase I clinical trial. The activity of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2,5 A) in peripheral blood cells and the concentration of beta-2 microglobulin (B-2M) in serum were monitored as indicators of interferon biological activity in vivo. Five patients received IFN-gamma by the IM route in doses ranging from 6.5 X 10(5) to 9.6 X 10(6) antiviral units daily. There was little induction either of serum B-2M or of 2,5A in peripheral blood cells. Eight patients received IFN-gamma by rapid (5 min) IV bolus infusion in doses ranging from 6.5 X 10(5) to 54 X 10(6) antiviral units daily. As with IM administration, there was little significant induction of 2,5A synthetase, but the concentration of B-2M was increased above pretherapy values in most patients. Eleven patients received IFN-gamma by 6-h infusion daily for 10 days at a dosage of 27 X 10(6) units/day. In contrast to IM and IV bolus administration, 6-h infusion of IFN-gamma resulted in significant induction of both B-2M serum concentration and of 2,5A activity in all patients. The induction of 2,5A was highest on days 2 and 4 of therapy and decreased to pretherapy values by day 7. During the second 10-day course of the infusion study 2,5A activity was not induced until day 7 of therapy, and it decreased rapidly thereafter. These studies show clearly that consistent biological activity such as B-2M activation and specific intracellular biochemical events such as 2,5A induction may be optimally obtained by the administration of IFN-gamma by continuous IV infusion.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Rosenblum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riso
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Gutterman
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000097:blood*; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase