Induction of macrophage tumoricidal activity by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Monocytes are a subpopulation of peripheral blood leukocytes, which when appropriately activated by the regulatory hormones of the immune system, are capable of becoming macrophages--potent effector cells for immune response to tumors and parasites. A complementary DNA for the T lymphocyte-derived lymphokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), has been cloned, and recombinant GM-CSF protein has been expressed in yeast and purified to homogeneity. This purified human recombinant GM-CSF stimulated peripheral blood monocytes in vitro to become cytotoxic for the malignant melanoma cell line A375. Another T cell-derived lymphokine, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), also stimulated peripheral blood monocytes to become tumoricidal against this malignant cell line. When IFN-gamma activates monocytes to become tumoricidal, additional stimulation by exogenously added lipopolysaccharide is required. No such exogenous signals were required for the activation of monocytes by GM-CSF.
Grabstein
K H
KH
Urdal
D L
DL
Tushinski
R J
RJ
Mochizuki
D Y
DY
Price
V L
VL
Cantrell
M A
MA
Gillis
S
S
Conlon
P J
PJ
D002460:Cell Line; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology
D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma