title: Evaluation of computer-assisted instruction versus traditional new-employee training.
abstract: Personnel time and costs associated with computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and traditional "one-on-one" instruction in basic computer drug-order entry procedures were compared. Both programs consisted of an introduction to the training session, familiarization of users with the computer hardware and keyboard, and step-by-step instructions in unit dose and intravenous admixture order-entry procedures. The CAI module was developed by a pharmacist with no prior programming experience. It was designed to be used side-by-side with the actual inpatient pharmacy computer system. Fifth-year pharmacy students in their clinical clerkship rotation served as the study population. The personnel (both subject and pharmacy supervisor) time and costs associated with each method were evaluated for significant differences by a two-tailed Student's t test. Of 21 subjects who participated in this study, 11 received CAI and 10 received traditional instruction. CAI was associated with significantly less mean total personnel time (99.64 +/- 18.78 minutes) than one-on-one instruction (133.60 +/- 22.89 minutes). Mean total salary expense was significantly lower for CAI ($13.03 +/- 2.15) than for one-on-one instruction ($28.79 +/- 4.91). Program development time for the CAI module was 18.5 hours longer than that for the one-on-one program. The CAI module cost $1577.77 more to develop than the one-on-one program; however, 24 new employees would be required to offset development costs if the hardware were already available and 100 new employees if hardware had to be purchased. Computer-assisted instruction of new employees in computer order-entry procedures can be a cost-effective alternative to traditional training methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Oklahoma Poison Control Center, Oklahoma Medical Center, Oklahoma City 73126.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oszko
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D003200:Computer User Training; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000191:economics; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D007318:Inservice Training / Q000379:methods*; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010596:Pharmacy Technicians / Q000193:education; D013996:Time and Motion Studies