Comparative effects of meals high in protein, sucrose, or starch on human mineral metabolism and insulin secretion.
Protein, carbohydrates, and amino acids produce calciuria by decreasing renal calcium reabsorption. This study compared the postprandial calciuretic and serum insulin responses of 12 adults to isocaloric meals: Control, High Protein, High Sucrose, and High Starch. In 3 h 60% more Ca was excreted after High Protein than after other meals; renal Ca reabsorption was lower after High Protein than after High Sucrose at 2.5 h and after High Starch and High Sucrose at 3 h (p less than 0.01). Insulin was higher after High Starch and High Sucrose than after High Protein. Urinary phosphorus excretion was lower 1-3 h after High Protein than after other meals (p less than 0.01). High Protein increased urinary potassium and zinc. Urinary Ca correlated significantly with urinary Zn (r = 0.64) and sodium (r = 0.62), peak serum P (r = -0.29), and serum insulin increase for Control (r = 0.70) and High Protein (r = 0.68) only. Insulin inhibition of Ca reabsorption is not the sole explanation of macronutrient-induced calciuria.
Holl
M G
MG
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
Allen
L H
LH
D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D008903:Minerals; D010758:Phosphorus; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch; D012964:Sodium; D015032:Zinc; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium