title: Methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in dogs: effects of lung volume and O3 exposure.
abstract: The maximal effect induced by methacholine (MCh) aerosols on pulmonary resistance (RL), and the effects of altering lung volume and O3 exposure on these induced changes in RL, was studied in five anesthetized and paralyzed dogs. RL was measured at functional residual capacity (FRC), and lung volumes above and below FRC, after exposure to MCh aerosols generated from solutions of 0.1-300 mg MCh/ml. The relative site of response was examined by magnifying parenchymal [RL with large tidal volume (VT) at fast frequency (RLLS)] or airway effects [RL with small VT at fast frequency (RLSF)]. Measurements were performed on dogs before and after 2 h of exposure to 3 ppm O3. MCh concentration-response curves for both RLLS and RLSF were sigmoid shaped. Alterations in mean lung volume did not alter RLLS; however, RLSF was larger below FRC than at higher lung volumes. Although O3 exposure resulted in small leftward shifts of the concentration-response curve for RLLS, the airway dominated index of RL (RLSF) was not altered by O3 exposure, nor was the maximal response using either index of RL. These data suggest O3 exposure does not affect MCh responses in conducting airways; rather, it affects responses of peripheral contractile elements to MCh, without changing their maximal response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Physiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shore
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Skornik
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Drazen
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005652:Functional Residual Capacity; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008688:Methacholine Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D010126:Ozone