title: Prophylactic treatment of intraocular pressure elevations after neodymium: YAG laser posterior capsulotomies and extracapsular cataract extractions with levobunolol.
abstract: The prophylactic effect of topical 0.5% levobunolol on intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations after neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomies and extracapsular cataract extractions (ECCEs) was investigated in two separate, double-masked, placebo-controlled studies. In study 1, 42 patients received either levobunolol or vehicle 1 hour before a unilateral Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Elevated IOP (greater than or equal to 10 mmHg) occurred in up to 38% of those in the vehicle group and none in the levobunolol group. Mean IOP increased up to 6 mmHg in the vehicle group, whereas it decreased up to 3 mmHg in the levobunolol group. In study 2, 41 patients received either levobunolol or vehicle immediately after a unilateral ECCE involving the use of a viscoelastic preparation and the implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL). The incidence of IOP elevations (greater than or equal to 10 mmHg) was up to 40% in the vehicle group and 19% in the levobunolol group. Mean IOP increased up to 9 mmHg in the vehicle group and up to 2 mmHg in the levobunolol group. Thus, marked elevations in IOP after posterior capsulotomies or ECCEs may be minimized by prophylactic treatment with levobunolol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Silverstone
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Novack
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000601:surgery*; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000601:surgery*; D002040:Levobunolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011184:Postoperative Period
chemical_list: D002040:Levobunolol