title: Association between early inhibition of DNA synthesis and the MICs and MBCs of carboxyquinolone antimicrobial agents for wild-type and mutant [gyrA nfxB(ompF) acrA] Escherichia coli K-12.
abstract: Quinolone antimicrobial agents are known to interact with DNA gyrase, but the mechanism by which bacterial cell death occurs is not fully understood. In order to determine whether there is a correlation between quinolone-induced inhibition of early (i.e., 10 to 15 min) DNA synthesis and potency (MICs and MBCs), we measured the rate of DNA synthesis in log-phase Escherichia coli K-12 by using [3H]thymidine incorporation. Three quinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and difloxacin) were selected based on their decreasing activity against reference strain KL16. All three quinolones caused an early 50% inhibition of DNA synthesis which was proportional to MICs and MBCs (r greater than 0.99). Furthermore, 50% inhibition of DNA synthesis and MICs were nearly identical for mutant strains with an altered quinolone target (gyrA) or with decreased [nfxB(ompF)] or increased (acrA) permeability. There were significant differences (P less than 0.001) between individual quinolones in the degree of DNA synthesis inhibition in nalidixic acid-resistant gyrA and nfxB(ompF) mutant strains. The comparison of the three mutants with the wild-type strain permitted an in vivo examination of the effects of alterations of the drug target or entry on the activity determined by DNA synthesis inhibition and MICs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Fraimow
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Bellin
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009154:Mutation; D009643:Norfloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; C047225:difloxacin; D009643:Norfloxacin