title: Predictability of human carcinogenicity from animal studies.
abstract: The predictability of human carcinogenicity from animal studies is discussed. This theme includes both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Recent documentation on evidence for animal carcinogenicity is reviewed. Issues related to carcinogenic potency, high dose-low dose and interspecies extrapolations, as well as carcinogen exposure determination are debated. It is concluded that induction of tumors in well-performed carcinogenicity studies will give evidence of carcinogenic potential for humans. For extrapolation of test results from animals to humans, knowledge of the carcinogenic potency, the dose-response relationship, and the toxicokinetic behavior of the test chemical is essential. Further, comparative studies using newly developed methods to determine carcinogen exposure should be initiated in order to make high dose-low dose and interspecies extrapolations more meaningful.
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D000348:Aflatoxins; D000818:Animals; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014752:Vinyl Chloride
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D014752:Vinyl Chloride