[Chemotherapy trial in the battle against Schistosoma haematobium in an irrigated sahelian zone in Niger].
This study of S. haematobium infection in communities associated with irrigated schemes shows that prevalence rates are unusually high in adults, especially in men; and distribution disease is probably associated with at least the following three factors: (i) distance of the place of residence from the main transmission sites (ii) the dynamics of transmission in the waterbody and (iii) the human/water contact and contamination patterns. During this chemotherapy trial, at the first survey, only a little more than half (57.47%) of the people recorded in the census was present. Five visits of the survey team were necessary to obtain a compliance rate of 80.51% of the entire population. The indifference of the local people to seek diagnosis and treatment increased with succeeding surveys. It is only, during a subsequent treatment survey, carried out during the season of low agricultural activity and following an official written convocation, that a compliance rate similar to that of the first survey was recorded. If treatment is not given immediately after diagnosis as many as a fifth of positive cases do not appear for treatment. Oltipraz and praziquantel were administered. Their effectiveness could not be truly compared as there was a time lag of six months separating the administration of the treatments. However, based on the results of this trial both drugs gave good results especially in egg output intensity. But, a decrease of this parameter was also observed in non treated people. Seasonal variations of egg output or decrease of transmission could be involved.
D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009548:Niger; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012548:Schistosoma haematobium / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012553:Schistosomiasis haematobia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D012556:Schistosomicides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013871:Thiones; D013876:Thiophenes; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply
D011719:Pyrazines; D012556:Schistosomicides; D013871:Thiones; D013876:Thiophenes; D011223:Praziquantel; C026209:oltipraz
Essai de lutte par chimiothérapie contre Schistosoma haematobium en zone irriguée Sahélienne au Niger.