title: Diabetic ketoacidosis. Biochemistry, physiology, treatment, and prevention.
abstract: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most common cause of death of juvenile-onset diabetics, and as such represents an important issue for pediatricians. In this article, the author reviews the endocrinology of insulin and the glucose counter-regulatory hormones, which are the basis for the development of DKA. The effects of hyperglycemia and acidosis upon organ physiology are detailed, and this serves as the foundation for subsequent discussion of the management of the patient with DKA. Finally, the author summarizes current strategies for prevention of DKA in patients with diabetes.
mesh_terms: D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin