Studies on the role of antigen-presenting cells in the systemic suppression of contact hypersensitivity by UVB radiation.
Exposure of mice to UVB radiation produces a highly selective, systemic immunosuppression associated with the appearance of suppressor T lymphocytes. Suppression of delayed hypersensitivity to hapten-coupled syngeneic cells has been shown to result from an altered distribution of antigen-presenting cells. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an alteration in the activity of antigen-presenting cells could account for the systemic suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) by UVB radiation. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used for contact sensitization because it uses different antigen-presenting cells than does oxazolone to induce CHS. Our previous studies demonstrated that CHS to oxazolone was suppressed by UVB irradiation. In these studies, we show that exposure of mice to UVB radiation before epicutaneous application of FITC onto unirradiated skin markedly decreased the CHS response to FITC painted on unexposed ears. Cyclophosphamide-sensitive suppressor T cells were detectable in the spleens of mice exhibiting decreased CHS. The antigen-presenting activity of cells in lymph nodes draining the site of epicutaneous sensitization (DLN cells) was assessed by injecting them into the hind footpads of syngeneic recipients and measuring the CHS response to FITC 6 days later. Viable DLN cells from UVB-irradiated, FITC-sensitized mice were equal to those from unirradiated, FITC-sensitized mice in their ability to induce CHS in normal recipients. No sensitization resulted when killed DLN cells were used for immunization, indicating that sensitization was not caused by reprocessing of antigen by host cells. We conclude that impairment of the CHS reaction in UVB-irradiated mice does not appear to be blocked at an initial step of antigen uptake, processing, or presentation, but must be impaired at some other step in the immunologic pathway.
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000276:immunology; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000276:immunology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D005452:Fluoresceins; D013861:Thiocyanates; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate