title: Polyamines in 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-induced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells, HL-60.
abstract: The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, differentiated into macrophage/monocytes in the presence of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3], as assessed by the percentage of morphologically mature cells and their ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium. In this study of the mechanism involved, the activities of ornithine decarboxylase and spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase (SAT), the rate-limiting enzymes of polyamine metabolism, as well as the cellular levels of polyamine were measured. ODC activity reached a peak 24 h after the addition of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and then decreased, while SAT activity gradually increased as differentiation commenced. An increase in putrescine and decreases in spermidine and spermine were also observed. Addition of alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an irreversible inhibitor of ODC, with or without methylglyoxalbis(guanylhydrazone), an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, caused no effect on 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-induced cell differentiation, although the cellular levels of putrescine and spermidine decreased markedly. Addition of alpha-difluoromethylornithine markedly suppressed cell proliferation; this effect was reversed by the addition of exogenous putrescine. Addition of exogenous spermidine or spermine to overcome activation of SAT also had no effect on 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-induced cell differentiation. These results suggest both that polyamine metabolism is not important in 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, but that it is intimately involved in the proliferation of these cells.
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D000518:Eflornithine; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009952:Ornithine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000378:metabolism; D013095:Spermidine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013096:Spermine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D002117:Calcitriol; D000518:Eflornithine; D009952:Ornithine; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines; D011700:Putrescine; D013095:Spermidine; D013096:Spermine; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase