The effect of deliberate omission of Trinordiol or Microgynon on the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis.
The effect of deliberate omission of a phased formulation pill, Trinordiol (ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms + levonorgestrel 50 micrograms: 6 tablets; ethinyl estradiol 40 micrograms + levonorgestrel 75 micrograms: 5 tablets; ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms + levonorgestrel 125 micrograms: 10 tablets) or a low-dose, combined, oral contraceptive pill, Microgynon (ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms + levonorgestrel 150 micrograms: 21 tablets) on the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis were studied. Thirty-six women were recruited to the study and divided equally between the two types of pill. Medication was begun on the 8th pill-free day of the cycle and continued for 7 days (Group 1), 14 days (Group 2) or 21 days (Group 3). Levels of FSH, LH, estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured in plasma on alternate days during the final week of pill therapy, and daily for the 7 days after stopping the pill. For the first 2 weeks of pill therapy, follicular activity, as judged by plasma levels of E2, was greater in women taking Trinordiol than in those taking Microgynon, but was similar in both groups by the third week of pill treatment. Five women taking Trinordiol (2 in Group 1 and 3 in Group 2) had plasma levels of E2 in excess of 500 pmol/l whilst taking the pills, and only 1 patient achieved this degree of follicular activity after stopping the tablets. One woman who had taken 7 days of Trinordiol (Group 1) showed a rise of plasma levels of P to 6.8 nmol/l, but luteinization did not occur in any of the remaining 35 women who took Trinordiol or Microgynon. These findings suggest that follicular activity is less completely suppressed by Trinordiol than Microgynon, at least in the first 2 weeks of pill therapy, but that normal ovulation is still a rare event in the week after cessation of either of these pills, even if only 7 days of medication have been taken.
D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019304:Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood
D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D009644:Norgestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D019304:Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone