title: Ciliates from a fresh water sulfuretum.
abstract: Ciliates were collected from a freshwater sulfuretum, Lake Cisó, which is part of a gypsum karstic area whose main feature is Lake Banyoles (Girona, Spain). Chromatium, Lamprocystis and Chlorobium are the major phototrophic sulfur bacteria in Lake Cisó. Blooms of a photosynthetic cryptomonad (up to 5 X 10(5) ind ml-1) were found at the metalimnion. The community of ciliates could be divided in three groups: aerobic, cosmopolitan, genera such as Stentor and Vorticella, in the epilimnion; a large population (up to 10(4) ind ml-1) of Coleps, adapted to low concentrations of both oxygen and sulfide, together with a few individuals of the equally sulfide-tolerant genus Paramecium, in the metalimnion, and anaerobic, true sulfide-loving genera such as Plagiopyla and Metopus, in the hypolimnion, where sulfide concentration was between 0.6 and 1.2 mM.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004463:Ecology; D005618:Fresh Water; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide; D010247:Paramecium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013030:Spain; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide