title: Upper airway obstruction in Hunter syndrome.
abstract: Patients with Hunter syndrome may have symptoms of hoarseness, stridor and breathing difficulties as a result of laryngeal and tracheal involvement. In planning their evaluation, we must prefer non-invasive methods as X-ray or CT scan, and avoid doing endotracheal intubation or bronchoscopies. Review of adult cases in the literature and description of the only case of a child with Hunter syndrome having life-threatening complications of his upper airways is discussed in this report. In this case and in the literature we cannot exclude intubation or bronchoscopy as a serious aggravating factor, causing further narrowing of the larynx.
mesh_terms: D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007829:Laryngostenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016532:Mucopolysaccharidosis II / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology