title: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the production of eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine by egg-associated granulomas of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice.
abstract: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) produced by splenic lymphocytes obtained from Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice was partially purified by a combination of DEAE anion-exchange chromatography, concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity chromatography, and high-pressure liquid chromatography. When this partially purified GM-CSF was added to the culture of isolated intact granulomas, eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) lymphokine production by granulomas was significantly enhanced. The partially purified GM-CSF also enhanced ECF lymphokine production by granuloma T cells cocultured with syngeneic macrophages and specific antigen. The partially purified GM-CSF itself had neither ECF activity nor a synergistic effect with ECF lymphokine. When normal splenic macrophages were preincubated with the partially purified GM-CSF, they potentiated the ECF production by granuloma T cells under the presence of specific antigen. Augmentation of ECF lymphokine production by partially purified GM-CSF was further confirmed by using T-cell clones that were established from granuloma T cells. These results suggest that T-cell-derived GM-CSF primarily activate macrophages so that these activated macrophages can cooperate more effectively with T lymphocytes to produce ECF. Such potentiation of macrophage-T-cell interaction by GM-CSF may be important in the mechanisms of granuloma formation during an acute stage of schistosomiasis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000502:physiology; D003470:Culture Media; D004804:Eosinophils; D006099:Granuloma / Q000503:physiopathology; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007377:Interleukin-3; D008222:Lymphokines; C022227:eosinophil stimulating promoter