title: Lactobacillus endocarditis.
abstract: Two cases of endocarditis due to Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei var. rhamnosus are described. Both patients were successfully treated medically. The response of the two isolates to a range of concentrations of penicillin in an apparatus which continuously monitored growth is reported. The strain of L. casei var. rhamnosus was found to be penicillin tolerant. The use of a combination of a penicillin with gentamicin to treat endocarditis due to penicillin tolerant strains of lactobacillus is discussed. The criteria for selecting oral agents to follow intravenous therapy are assessed also.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012293:Rifampin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins; D010406:Penicillins; D000658:Amoxicillin; D012293:Rifampin