Mouse skin tumor promoting activity of orange peel oil and d-limonene: a re-evaluation.
Orange peel oil has previously been shown to be a promoter of mouse skin tumors. It has been assumed that this activity is due to its major (95%) constituent, d-limonene. We have tested both orange peel oil and purified d-limonene as skin tumor promoters in a two-stage skin carcinogenesis model in which tumors were initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene. We confirmed that topically applied orange peel oil is a very weak promoter of both skin papillomas and carcinomas. However, this promotional activity could not be accounted for by topically applied d-limonene. We thus feel that one or more minor components of orange peel oil has promotional activity. Neither orange peel oil nor d-limonene had promotional activity when given via the diet.
D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced; D002957:Citrus; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D005260:Female; D000077222:Limonene; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000633:toxicity*; D010212:Papilloma / Q000139:chemically induced; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000633:toxicity*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000633:toxicity*
D053138:Cyclohexenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D013729:Terpenes; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D000077222:Limonene