Conversion of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid by skin epidermal lipoxygenases.
Two different lipoxygenases have been identified in human and rat epidermis. One lipoxygenase has a (n-9)-specificity, converts arachidonic acid into 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), and has been described by several investigators. Linoleic acid is not a substrate for this enzyme. The other lipoxygenase, with (n-6)-specificity, converts arachidonic acid into 15-HETE and linoleic acid into 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HOD). Especially the latter lipoxygenase is thought to be involved in the regulation of the differentiation of the skin cells into a proper water-barrier layer. Linoleate is supposed to be the physiological substrate; this fatty acid is especially present in characteristic sphingolipids with unique structures.
D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004817:Epidermis / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000201:enzymology; D012867:Skin / Q000201:enzymology*
D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; C024347:9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C024348:13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid; D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; C025984:15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008084:Lipoxygenase