title: Induction of the pyridine nucleotide synthesis pathway in mitogen-stimulated human T-lymphocytes.
abstract: Mitogen stimulation of purified human T-lymphocytes with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl, phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and a monoclonal antibody to the T3 cell surface antigen caused a 6-11-fold increase in cellular levels of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, a 6-20-fold amplification of cellular NAD+ levels and a 3-21-fold increase in NADP+ levels. Treatment of the cells with a combination of the two mitogenic signals also caused a 5-20-fold increase in NMN pyrophosphorylase activity, a 3-14-fold increase in ATP-NMN adenylyl transferase activity, and a 5-13-fold increase in NAD kinase activity. This is the first report showing induction of these three enzymes as part of the mitogenic response in purified human T-lymphocytes. Maximum increases in activity of each of these three enzymes required the combined presence of TPA and monoclonal antibody to human T-cell T3 antigen anti-T3. Analysis of the relative enzyme levels indicates that NMN pyrophosphorylase is the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD synthesis and NAD kinase is the rate-limiting enzyme for NADP synthesis.
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009243:NAD / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009249:NADP / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D009243:NAD; D009249:NADP; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate