Internal carotid artery epistaxis.
Epistaxis from the internal carotid artery (ICA) or bleeding from the ICA at the skull base is a rare, frightening, and difficult management problem. We present five cases, with a variety of causes--in all of which the patients survived massive hemorrhage--and suggest a protocol for management of the condition.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D010025:Osteoradionecrosis / Q000150:complications; D013630:Tampons, Surgical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed