Isolated frog olfactory cilia: a preparation of dendritic membranes from chemosensory neurons.
The recently introduced frog olfactory cilia preparation (Chen and Lancet, 1984; Pace et al., 1985) has been useful for studies of molecular chemosensory mechanisms. Here we describe in detail the properties of this cilia preparation. The "calcium shock" procedure leads to a complete removal of the cilia from the olfactory epithelial surface. Isolated cilia constitute segments of proximal regions with 9 X 2 + 2 microtubular arrangement and a large proportion of membrane vesicles, probably derived from the ciliary distal segments. Polypeptides unique to the olfactory cilia preparation, compared to a control preparation of palate respiratory cilia, are identified by Coomassie brilliant blue staining, silver staining, and radiolabeled lectin overlays, as well as by biosynthetic labeling with 35S-methionine in epithelial explants and protein phosphorylation in isolated cilia. The olfactory cilia preparation contains odorant-sensitive adenylate cyclase, which is absent in control membranes from deciliated epithelium. High activities of tyrosine and serine/threonine protein kinases are also present. The olfactory cilia preparation described should be instrumental in the further elucidation of the biochemistry and molecular biology of vertebrate olfaction.
D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002923:Cilia / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D003712:Dendrites / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D009812:Odorants; D009832:Olfactory Nerve / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011895:Rana ridibunda
D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases