[Isoflurane in pediatric anesthesia].
Seventy patients 1-10 years of age were submitted to isoflurane (I) or halothane (H) anaesthesia (O2:N2O = 1:3); H was used as a reference substance. Under I anaesthesia, haemodynamic parameters proved to be well preserved. While the pulse rate under I increased significantly, the diastolic pressure decreased as a result of peripheral vascular dilatation. Baroceptor reflexes seemed to function more properly under the effect of I. Spontaneous respiration was definitely depressed by I. Respiratory rate, minute volume, end-expiratory CO2 and pCO2 values indicated CO2 accumulation. Younger children breathing spontaneously were subject to airway problems in I more than in H anaesthesia by decreasing negative occlusion pressures. Increasing doses of vecuronium bromide (5, 10, 15 and 70 micrograms/kg body wt.) accomplished muscular relaxation of various degrees, as tested by the train-of-four (TOF) method. The use of I in two age groups resulted in faster onset, more profound muscular relaxation, and longer duration in comparison with H; these results were statistically significant.
D000367:Age Factors; D000758:Anesthesia; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
D008738:Methyl Ethers; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane
Isofluran in der Kinderanaesthesie.