[Isolated aortic valve replacement in an advanced stage of cardiac failure. Results and prognostic study apropos of 71 cases].
Between January 1970 and December 1982, seventy-one patients in functional Stage IV of the NYHA classification underwent isolated aortic valve replacement for aortic incompetence (27 cases), aortic stenosis (18 cases) or mixed aortic valve disease (26 cases). Three haemodynamic criteria were chosen: left ventricular ejection fraction less than 40% (average 34 +/- 2%); arteriovenous difference greater than 6 volumes per 100 ml (average 6.7 +/- 0.2 vol.); left ventricular end diastolic pressure greater than 20 mmHg (average 26 +/- 1.3 mmHg). Analysis of the preoperative data defined the clinical profile of these patients: average cardiac index 2.2 +/- 0.07 l/min/m2; 75% had a cardiothoracic index greater than 0.50%; 61% had at least one conduction defect. The average Sokolow index was 50 +/- 2 mm. Twenty seven of the 71 patients died (36%); there were 7 early postoperative deaths (1st month) (10%), mainly due to ventricular arrhythmias (6 out of 7). There were 20 late deaths (31%) on average 52 +/- 8 months after surgery: 70% were of cardiac origin with a predominance of sudden deaths. There were no deaths in the group of patients operated after 1977, probably because of improved techniques of peroperative myocardial protection. The actuarial survival was 72% at 5 years and 63% at 10 years: long term survival was lower in aortic incompetence (25% at 10 years) compared with aortic stenosis (68%) and mixed aortic valve disease (78%). There was a significant relationship between long term survival and cardiothoracic ratio, ejection fraction, the duration of symptoms before surgery and the presence of atrioventricular or left bundle branch block.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
Remplacement valvulaire aortique isolé à un stade évolué d'insuffisance cardiaque. Résultats et étude pronostique à propos de 71 cas.