title: Vaccination-related anthrax in three llamas.
abstract: Two llama calves died 3 days after inoculation with anthrax vaccine. Concurrent administration of ivermectin and other biologics may have enhanced the infectivity of the Sterne strain vaccine of Bacillus anthracis. This experience suggests that the Sterne strain of anthrax vaccine can induce fatal disease when given to young llamas and should be used only with extreme care and in face of strong "at risk" situations.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000881:Anthrax / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001188:Artiodactyla; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000276:immunology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002161:Camelids, New World; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D007559:Ivermectin