title: Na+-independent transport of basic and zwitterionic amino acids in mouse blastocysts by a shared system and by processes which distinguish between these substrates.
abstract: Preimplantation mouse blastocysts were found to contain at least three mediated components of Na+-independent amino acid transport. The two less conspicuous components seemed to be selective for either cationic or zwitterionic substrates but were not characterized further or examined for multiple transport activities. L-Leucine and L-lysine competed strongly for uptake by the most conspicuous Na+-independent transport process detected in these conceptuses (referred to as component b0,+), and no further heterogeneity of transport activities was found within this component. A series of inhibitors of various strengths had about the same effect on component b0,+ when either leucine or lysine was the substrate, and uptake of each substrate was not affected significantly by changes in the pH between 6.3 and 8.0. Furthermore, the Ki values for mutually competitive inhibition of transport between leucine and lysine and their Km values for transport via component b0,+ were all on the order of about 100 microM. In addition, the Ki values for competitive inhibition of leucine or lysine uptake by valine were approximately 5 mM in both cases, and alanine appeared to be a similarly weak competitive inhibitor of leucine transport. Based on these results, component b0,+ prefers to interact with bulky amino acids that do not branch at the beta-carbon. Moreover, amino acids that branch at the alpha-carbon, such as the leucine analog 3-amino-endo-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3-carboxylic acid, were virtually excluded by this component. The substrate reactivity of component b0,+ is more limited than the Na+-dependent transport system B0,+ in blastocysts which accepts both these branched species and less bulky amino acids relatively well as substrates. Thus, mediated amino acid transport in the mouse trophoblast is clearly distinguishable from that in most other mammalian tissues that have been studied. Not only do component b0,+ and system B0,+ and system B0,+ fail to discriminate strongly between basic and zwitterionic substrates, but their relative reactivity with bicyclic amino acids, such as 3-amino-endo-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3-carboxylic acid, is the reverse of transport processes in other cell types where these amino acids react strongly with Na+-independent, but not Na+-dependent, systems.
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000378:metabolism*; D002412:Cations; D002794:Choline / Q000494:pharmacology; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D007930:Leucine / Q000378:metabolism; D008094:Lithium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002412:Cations; D007477:Ions; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium; D007930:Leucine; D008239:Lysine; D002794:Choline; D000409:Alanine; D005998:Glycine