title: Induction of gamma-interferon by avarol in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
abstract: Avarol is a cytostatic and anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent. In this study, the avarol caused induction of gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) in buffy coat cells (human peripheral blood lymphocytes) is demonstrated by immunological and molecular biological techniques. IFN-gamma production was detected after a 24-hr incubation period with avarol; maximal production was obtained after 5 days in the presence of the optimal avarol concentration of 0.75 microgram/ml. Blotting experiments using human IFN-gamma cDNA and beta-actin cDNA containing plasmids showed that in the absence of avarol no IFN-gamma transcripts were present in lymphocytes. Already after a 24-hr incubation with avarol, IFN-gamma gene induction was detected, and maximal induction was found after a 5-day incubation period. The enhanced IFN-gamma production seems to be caused by a change at the transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional level, but not during subsequent nucleocytoplasmic transport of mRNA. This molecular event is specific, at least in relation to the expression of the beta-actin gene. Our studies demonstrate that avarol displays, besides its potential anti-tumor and anti-HIV activity, a potential immunomodulating effect.
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C023663:avarol