title: Five versus ten days treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial with phenoxymethylpenicillin and cefadroxil.
abstract: 216 patients aged greater than or equal to 7 years with febrile group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups receiving either phenoxymethylpenicillin for 5 days followed by placebo for 5 days, phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days, or cefadroxil for 10 days. 209 patients completed treatment, 70 subjects in each phenoxymethylpenicillin group and 69 in the cefadroxil group. Within 1 week after completion of the antibiotic treatment significantly more recurrences with the same T-type as the initial streptococcal strain occurred in the 5-day treatment group (27%) as compared with the two 10-day groups (6% and 3%, respectively). The cumulative rate of recurrences (irrespective of T-type) within 2 months from the start of therapy was 55% among patients treated with phenoxymethylpenicillin for 5 days, 24% among those treated for 10 days with this drug and 19% among patients receiving cefadroxil. Obviously, one important factor to avoid recurrence of group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis is the length of antibiotic treatment and, in our opinion, it is not advisable to change the current recommendation of 10 days treatment.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002434:Cefadroxil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010404:Penicillin V / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012008:Recurrence; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D002434:Cefadroxil; D010404:Penicillin V