title: Effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha on the surface phenotype and the growth of human malignant glioma cell lines.
abstract: Human malignant glioma cell lines and clones were incubated with various concentrations of recombinant human TNF-alpha, either alone or in combination with recombinant human IFN-gamma. The surface expression of HLA-ABC (class I) antigens and beta 2-microglobulin, was significantly enhanced by TNF-alpha alone on every cell line and clone tested. After incubation with both TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, the surface expression of HLA-ABC antigens was only slightly higher than that observed with each cytokine alone. In contrast to IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha had no effect on the surface expression of HLA-DR (class II) antigens. Moreover, the surface expression of HLA-DR induced by IFN-gamma was unaffected by TNF-alpha. The increased expression of HLA-ABC antigens after treatment with TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma correlated with increased levels of HLA-ABC-specific mRNA. In addition, TNF-alpha, like IFN-gamma, selectively enhanced the surface expression of a tumor-associated antigen, Me14-D12, while it had no effect on the expression of various other surface antigens. In the absence of actinomycin D, TNF-alpha exhibited no direct cytotoxic/cytostatic effect on the glioma cell lines tested. These results indicate that TNF-alpha can enhance the surface expression of HLA-ABC antigens on human glioma cells in the absence of a direct cytotoxic/cytostatic effect.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002999:Clone Cells; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D010641:Phenotype; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003609:Dactinomycin; D007371:Interferon-gamma