title: Calcium ionophore and phorbol myristate acetate synergistically inhibited proteoglycan biosynthesis in articular chondrocytes by prostaglandin independent mechanism.
abstract: In rabbit articular chondrocytes, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DG) and calcium ionophore (A23187), reduced the proteoglycan synthesis, in a dose-dependent manner. The combined treatment by PMA and A23187 resulted in an enhanced inhibition of proteoglycan production, indicating a synergistic effect. In presence of PMA or A23187, the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was dramatically increased. The addition of indomethacin and BW755c to chondrocytes stimulated by PMA or A23187, suppressed the liberation of PGE2, but did not stop the decrease of proteoglycan synthesis.
mesh_terms: D015772:4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000502:physiology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000378:metabolism*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D004075:Diglycerides; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011720:Pyrazoles; D000001:Calcimycin; D015772:4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine; D015232:Dinoprostone; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D007213:Indomethacin