title: Insertion and removal of Norplant contraceptive implants by physicians and nonphysicians in an Indonesian clinic.
abstract: This paper reports on a study in which the performances of physicians were compared to those of nonphysician health personnel in inserting and removing NORPLANT subdermal contraceptive implants. The study was conducted in Raden Saleh Clinic at the University of Indonesia, Jakarta, from September 1982 to August 1984. In a group of 828 women who accepted NORPLANT 285 insertions were performed by physicians and 543 by nonphysician health personnel. During the study period, 122 removals were performed (43 by physicians and 79 by nonphysicians). This small proportion of removals reflects the high continuation rate for NORPLANT. There was no significant difference between the two groups of acceptors regarding age, parity, education, or side effects. The average insertion times were 7.6 minutes for the physician group and 7.4 minutes for the nonphysician group (p greater than 0.1). The average removal times were 21.7 minutes for physicians and 21.8 minutes for nonphysicians (p greater than 0.9). Complications during and following insertion and removal were minimal for both groups, and no significant differences were found. It was concluded that nonphysician health personnel are qualified to administer the NORPLANT contraceptive implants.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D008880:Midwifery; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009726:Nurses; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010820:Physicians; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D009644:Norgestrel; D016912:Levonorgestrel