title: Epidermal papillomas and carcinomas induced in uninitiated mouse skin by tumor promoters alone contain a point mutation in the 61st codon of the Ha-ras oncogene.
abstract: Previous results in a number of laboratories have demonstrated that epidermal papillomas and carcinomas induced by the two-stage protocol of initiation and promotion contain a point mutation in the 61st codon of the c-Ha-ras oncogene when the initiating agent used is 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). In the present report, we have analyzed DNA purified from 'spontaneously initiated' papillomas and carcinomas induced in SENCAR mouse epidermis after repetitive treatments with a tumor-promoting agent. Southern blot hybridization studies of tumor DNA digested with diagnostic restriction endonucleases demonstrated that seven of nine papillomas and carcinomas contained a point mutation in the 61st codon of one allele of the c-Ha-ras oncogene. The implications of our findings with respect to the role which a point-mutated Ha-ras proto-oncogene plays in initiation of skin tumorigenesis are discussed.
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D003062:Codon; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011905:Genes, ras; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009154:Mutation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010212:Papilloma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D003062:Codon; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene