title: Overlapping polypeptide induction in human fibroblasts in response to treatment with interferon-alpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin 1 alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor.
abstract: Cytokine-induced polypeptides were identified in whole cell lysates of human fibroblasts by computer-based analysis of two-dimensional gels with the use of the PDQuest System. Treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enhanced the synthesis of 12 and 28 polypeptides, respectively. Exposure to interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) or interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) resulted in the increased synthesis of seven identical polypeptides. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) at 100 U/ml led to enhanced expression of seven polypeptides, whereas exposure to TNF at 1000 U/ml increased the levels of these seven plus two additional polypeptides. The antiviral and antiproliferative effects of these cytokines in strain 153 fibroblasts were also assessed. Both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma exhibited antiviral activity, whereas both IL-1 and TNF stimulated fibroblast growth. IFN-gamma was alone in inhibiting proliferation. Thus, although these cytokines exhibit low degrees of structural homology, they share some common functions, and a number of polypeptides were induced in common by two or more of these agents. The greatest similarities in polypeptide induction occur between IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma and between the IL-1s and TNF. However, polypeptides were also induced in common by IFN-alpha and TNF, IFN-gamma and IL-1, and IFN-gamma and TNF. These similarities in polypeptide induction may reflect the overlapping functions of these cytokines and may be indicative of common biochemical pathways in their mechanisms of action.
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010452:Peptide Biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D016207:Cytokines; D007370:Interferon Type I; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma