title: Hydrolysis of endogenous phospholipids by rat platelet phospholipase A2: ether or acyl bond and polar head group selectivity.
abstract: Substrate specificity of platelet phospholipase A2 was investigated following Ca2+-dependent hydrolysis by endogenous enzyme of linoleate- or arachidonate-labelled platelet phospholipids. Alkylacyl, alkenylacyl and diacyl classes of ethanolamine and choline glycerophospholipids (GPE and GPC) were separated after their diacylglycerol derivation, and molecular species of diacyl-GPE were analyzed by HPLC. Hydrolysis of platelet ethanolamine and choline glycerophospholipids was dependent on Ca2+ and was maximal at neutral pH. In the presence of 0.2 mM Ca2+ the hydrolysis rate for [14C]arachidonate-labelled phospholipids was in the order diacyl-GPE greater than alkylacyl-GPE = diacyl-GPC = alkenylacyl-GPE greater than alkylacyl-GPC. In addition to being the best substrate at high Ca2+ concentration, diacyl-GPE could be degraded with Ca2+ concentrations in the micromolar range, concentrations which are unable to induce any degradation of diacyl-GPC. As a function of Ca2+ concentration, the hydrolysis rate of [14C]linoleate- and [14C]arachidonate-labelled diacyl-GPE or diacyl-GPC was identical. The five main molecular species of diacyl-GPE labelled with arachidonate or with linoleate were hydrolyzed at the same rate in the presence of 50 microM Ca2+. This study shows that platelet phospholipase A2 is specific for endogenous diacyl-GPE and is independent of fatty chain composition. These results are discussed in relation to the Ca2+ concentration observed in stimulated platelets and in relation to the lysophospholipid-induced specific transfer of arachidonate. They suggest that diacyl-GPE hydrolysis by phospholipase A2 could play a key role in stimulated platelets.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000097:blood; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000201:enzymology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D006868:Hydrolysis; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000097:blood; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000097:blood; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000097:blood; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000097:blood*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000097:blood*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D010743:Phospholipids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D010740:Phospholipases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D002118:Calcium