title: [Contamination of wheat flour with the toxigenic strain of Penicillium islandicum Sopp and the embryotoxic effect of its secondary metabolites in the chick embryo].
abstract: Material milled and sampled in 1986 in one Prague flour mill included two flour batches contaminated with a toxicogenic strain of Penicillium islandicum Sopp. P. islandicum, cultivated under experimental conditions, yielded the total of eight grams of chloroform extract containing three grams of luteoskyrin from a kilogram of wheat. The effective dose of chloroform extract was 0.8 microgram (0.5-1.8) for a two-day old chicken embryo, 2.0 microgram (1.7-2.6) for a three-day old embryo and 2.8 micrograms (1.7-4.7) for a four-day old embryo. On all days of administration the chloroform extract had a strong teratogenous action. The most frequent malformations included microophthalmia and anophthalmia, cerebral hernia, bilaterally cleft beak, and reduction deformities of the extremities.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D005433:Flour; D005506:Food Contamination; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000633:toxicity*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000378:metabolism; D013723:Teratogens
chemical_list: D009285:Naphthoquinones; D013723:Teratogens; C100224:luteoskyrin
vernacular_title: Kontaminace zitné mouky toxinogenním kmenem Penicillium islandicum Sopp a embryotoxický úcinek jeho sekundárních metabolitů na kurecí zárodek.