title: Synthesis of nitrite and nitrate in murine macrophage cell lines.
abstract: Synthesis of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) was studied in the macrophage cell lines RAW 264.7, WEHI-3, PU5-1.8, J774A.1, and P388D1 and compared to the synthesis by thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from C3H/He and C3H/HeJ mice. Treatment with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced NO2-/NO3- synthesis by all the cell lines except P388D1, which remained unresponsive at the highest LPS concentration (50 micrograms/ml). Recombinant murine gamma-interferon induced NO2-/NO3- synthesis in only two cell lines (PU5-1.8 and RAW 264.7), although it activated synthesis by C3H/He and C3H/HeJ macrophages. Dual signal treatments consisting of lymphokines or gamma-interferon plus LPS stimulated NO2-/NO3- synthesis by all five cell lines and each line showed enhanced synthesis as compared to that induced by any single stimulus. Heat-killed Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and purified mycobacterial protein derivative stimulated NO2-/NO3- synthesis in three of five cell lines, while dextran sulfate, zymosan, and the synthetic adjuvant muramyl dipeptide were ineffective. Nitrite represented 50-75% of the total NO2-/NO3- produced in all cases. The kinetics of LPS-induced NO2-/NO3- synthesis in J774A.1 and C3H/He macrophages were identical; a 6-h lag phase was followed by a 24- to 48-h period in which NO2- and NO3- were in a ratio of approximately 3:2 at all time points.
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000378:metabolism; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015054:Zymosan / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008222:Lymphokines; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009602:Nitrosamines; D014373:Tuberculin; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015054:Zymosan