title: Adult hemoglobin levels in newborn babies from different countries and in babies with some significant hemoglobinopathies.
abstract: The level of adult hemoglobin (Hb A, Hb S, Hb C, Hb E) was determined in cord blood samples of 66 Black babies (41 with four alpha-globin genes; 25 with two alpha-globin genes) with Hb A, of 51 SS, 7 CC, and 6 EE babies, of 359 babies from Mediterranean countries, and 197 babies from Japan and China. Methodology involved high-performance liquid chromatographic procedures, which are considered most accurate because of a complete separation of Hb F (or gamma chains) and the adult hemoglobins (or beta A or beta X chains). The presence of an alpha 2-thalassemia homozygosity (-alpha/ -alpha versus alpha alpha/alpha alpha) did not affect the average Hb A level. The levels of Hb S and Hb E in homozygous Hb S or Hb E babies were about one-third lower than the Hb A of the normal baby, while that of Hb C in homozygous Hb C babies was not decreased. The average level of Hb A in Chinese (50 babies) and Japanese (147 babies) was about 16.0%, which was significantly lower than the average level of 19.0% in newborns of Italian (221 babies), Yugoslavian (68 babies), and Turkish (70 babies) origin.
mesh_terms: D005312:Fetal Blood; D006441:Hemoglobin A / Q000032:analysis; D006444:Hemoglobin C / Q000235:genetics; D006446:Hemoglobin E / Q000235:genetics; D006451:Hemoglobin, Sickle / Q000235:genetics; D006453:Hemoglobinopathies / Q000097:blood*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D013789:Thalassemia / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006451:Hemoglobin, Sickle; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006444:Hemoglobin C; D006441:Hemoglobin A; D006446:Hemoglobin E