title: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in patients receiving lithium carbonate.
abstract: Lithium carbonate is a commonly used psychiatric medication with a number of toxic renal effects, which include nephrotic-range proteinuria. A review of the literature concerning lithium-induced proteinuria is presented and three cases of nephrotic-range proteinuria are described in association with lithium therapy. The pathology in these three cases was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, a finding not previously described.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology; D008094:Lithium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D008297:Male; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D008094:Lithium