Retinal toxicity of combination antiviral drugs in an animal model.
We investigated the retinal toxicity of various combinations of four antiviral agents in intravitreal injection and vitrectomy infusion solutions in the rabbit. The nontoxic concentration of each individual agent for intravitreal injection and for vitrectomy infusion has previously been described. Our results support the concept that concentrations of 200 micrograms/0.1 mL of trifluridine, 400 micrograms/0.1 mL of hydroxyacyclovir, 200 micrograms/0.1 mL of acyclovir and 30 micrograms/0.1 mL of vidarabine can be combined for intravitreal injection without toxic retinal effects. Moreover, 60 micrograms/mL of trifluridine, 20 micrograms/mL of hydroxyacyclovir, 40 micrograms/mL of acyclovir and 8 micrograms/mL of vidarabine can be combined in vitrectomy infusion solutions without retinal damage. Further study is needed to determine the full potential of such combinations.
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects*; D014271:Trifluridine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D014740:Vidarabine; D014271:Trifluridine; D000212:Acyclovir