title: A chloride-dependent component of the release of labeled GABA and taurine from the chick retina.
abstract: The characteristics and ionic dependence of the release of [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid ([3H]GABA) and [3H]taurine from the chick retina, stimulated by kainic acid (KA) and by depolarizing concentrations of potassium was examined and compared to those of [3H]dopamine. KA (100 microM) highly stimulated the release of [3H]GABA (25-fold over resting efflux), induced a moderate increase in [3H]taurine and did not increase the efflux of [3H]dopamine. The efflux of [3H]GABA stimulated by KA was totally calcium-independent but it was markedly sodium and chloride dependent. Chloride dependence was assessed by replacing chloride with the impermeant anion gluconate, or by addition of the anion transport blocker 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS). Depolarizing concentrations of KCl (56 mM) stimulated the release of [3H]GABA, [3H]taurine and [3H]dopamine to about the same extent. The release of [3H]GABA and [3H]taurine was only partially calcium dependent, in contrast to the highly calcium-dependent efflux of [3H]dopamine. A sodium-free medium increased the resting efflux and decreased the potassium-stimulated release of [3H]GABA and [3H]taurine; the resting efflux of [3H]dopamine was unaffected and the potassium-induced efflux was somewhat increased. The potassium-stimulated efflux of [3H]GABA and [3H]taurine showed a chloride-dependent component which was higher for taurine whereas the resting efflux was not modified. The stimulated release of [3H]dopamine was increased in a chloride-free medium. The ionic dependence of KA and potassium stimulated efflux of [3H]GABA and [3H]taurine showed properties similar to those of the homoexchange-activated efflux of amino acids which was also found sodium and chloride dependent and clearly different from the calcium-coupled neurotransmitter release process. Exposure of retinas to KA and potassium produced retinal cell swelling which is prevented in a chloride-free medium. Results are discussed in terms of a particular efflux mechanism for [3H]GABA and [3H]taurine in the retina in response to stimulation associated with changes in ionic gradients and retinal cell swelling.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, D.F.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pasantes-Morales
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montenegro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morán
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002645:Chickens; D002712:Chlorides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D012964:Sodium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000502:physiology; D013654:Taurine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D013654:Taurine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D007608:Kainic Acid; D002118:Calcium; D004298:Dopamine