title: Memory and awareness in a patient with multiple personality disorder.
abstract: We studied an individual with multiple personality disorder in whom each of several personalities claimed to have no direct awareness of the others and to be unable to consciously remember the experiences of other personalities. A broad selection of implicit and explicit memory tests was used to determine the extent to which one personality had access to knowledge acquired by another and the circumstances in which that knowledge would be expressed. The implicit assessment of memory was a necessary but not sufficient condition for demonstrating interpersonality access. The degree of compartmentalization of knowledge in this patient depended largely on whether the interpretation of presented information was likely to differ across personalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nissen
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Willingham
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Schacter
mesh_terms: D001364:Awareness; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D009105:Dissociative Identity Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D011930:Reaction Time