title: The 24 hour variation of salivary carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide concentrations in children with epilepsy.
abstract: Variations in carbamazepine (CBZ) and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-EP) concentrations were measured in saliva over 24 hours in 33 children with complex partial seizures and/or generalized tonic-clonic seizures; all patients received CBZ as monotherapy. CBZ varied between 37-104% and CBZ-EP varied between 26-119%. One venous blood sample was obtained simultaneously with the first saliva sample before the morning dose of CBZ. The free fraction of plasma CBZ was 25.5%. Medication side effects are most likely to appear within 3-4 hours of drug intake; therefore, it is advisable to take another sample in children demonstrating time-related side effects. A controlled release formulation of CBZ should minimize the fluctuations of salivary drug levels of CBZ and CBZ-EP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bäckman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dahlström
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Eeg-Olofsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002220:Carbamazepine; C012227:carbamazepine epoxide