title: [Local irritation studies of cefodizime sodium].
abstract: Four local irritation studies of cefodizime sodium (THR-221), a new developed cephem-type antibiotics, were carried out with NZW rabbits. 1. In eye irritation test, 25% THR-221 water solution had no irritancy on eye mucosa in rabbits. 2. In single injective intramuscular irritation study, regardless of solvents (water or 0.5% lidocaine), 25% THR-221 solution had irritancy equal to 0.75% acetic acid. But recovery process of the muscle injured with THR-221 was faster and better than with 0.75% acetic acid. 3. In five days injective muscular irritation study, the irritancy of 25% THR-221 water solution on the muscle was milder than that of CTT or CET. Histopathological damage with THR-221, necrosis/degeneration of muscle fibers and edema/hemorrhage in interstitium etc., were well recovered. 4. In vessel irritation study, 10% or more THR-221 water solution had irritancy on ear vessel. THR-221, as same as CTT, caused organized thrombi and inflammation at the surrounding area. The degree of irritation of 20% THR-221 solution was slightly stronger than that of 20% CET, but weaker than that of 20% CTT. 5. In a clinical phase, it is to be desired that THR-221 like as CTT or CET shall be avoided repeated intramuscular or intravenous injections at the same site.
authors.affiliation: Drug Safety Laboratory, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima-shi.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamakita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinomiya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irimura
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D015313:Cefotetan / Q000633:toxicity; D002512:Cephalothin / Q000633:toxicity; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007509:Irritants; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D009336:Necrosis; D011817:Rabbits; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D014680:Veins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007509:Irritants; D015313:Cefotetan; D002439:Cefotaxime; D002512:Cephalothin; C033356:cefodizime