title: Effectors of the activation of human [Glu1]plasminogen by human tissue plasminogen activator.
abstract: The activation of human [Glu1]plasminogen [( Glu1]Pg) by human recombinant (rec) two-chain tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is inhibited by Cl-, at physiological concentrations, and stimulated by epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA), as well as fibrin(ogen). Chloride functions as a result of its binding to [Glu1]Pg, with a Ki of approximately 9.0 mM, thereby rendering [Glu1]Pg a less effective substrate for two-chain rec-t-PA. EACA stimulates the activation in Cl-(-)containing solutions, with a Ka of approximately 4.0 mM, primarily by reversal of the Cl-(-)inhibitory effect. Fibrinogen appears to exert its stimulatory properties mainly through effects on the enzyme, two-chain rec-t-PA, with a Ka of approximately 3.7 microM in activation systems containing physiological levels of Cl-. Analysis of the results of this paper reveals that normal plasma components, Cl- and fibrinogen, exert major regulatory roles on the ability of [Glu1]Pg to be activated by two-chain rec-t-PA, in in vitro systems. The presence of Cl- inhibits the stimulation of [Glu1]Pg activation that would normally occur in the presence of fibrinogen, a result of possible importance to the observation that some degree of systemic fibrinogenolysis accompanies therapeutic use of tissue plasminogen activator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sator de Serrano
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gaffney
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Castellino
mesh_terms: D015119:Aminocaproic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005340:Fibrinogen; D010958:Plasminogen; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D015119:Aminocaproic Acid