title: Extinction of growth hormone expression in somatic cell hybrids involves repression of the specific trans-activator GHF-1.
abstract: Growth hormone (GH) expression in pituitary-derived cells has been attributed to the presence of a positive trans-activator, GHF-1, which binds to two sites on the GH promoter. Somatic cell hybridization of non-GH-expressing L cells with pituitary-derived GH3 cells usually results in extinction of GH production. While previous studies showed that extinction occurs at the level of GH transcription, the exact mechanism remained elusive. We therefore characterized two parental cell lines and three hybrids, two of which extinguish GH expression and one in which GH is reexpressed after loss of mouse chromosomal material. Using in vivo transfections, in vitro transcription, DNAase I footprints, and immunoblotting experiments, no evidence for a direct repressor of GH transcription was found. Rather, extinction of GH expression in fibroblast x pituitary hybrids was accompanied by loss of GHF-1 protein and mRNA expression, suggesting that extinction occurs by repression of this trans-activator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Castrillo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dana
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strobl
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D006822:Hybrid Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D007621:Karyotyping; D051379:Mice; D009710:Nucleotide Mapping; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000032:analysis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone