[Treatment of vasospasm after ruptured cerebral aneurysms by 'pellet-cisternal-drain: PCD' containing sustained-release vasodilators].
Diltiazem or papaverine hydrochloride as vasodilators were polymerized with silicon polymer (MDX-4-4210: Dow Co.). The silicon pellets containing the drugs were placed in cisternal drainage tubes made of silicon, and used for the continuous cisternal drainage after the operations of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. This system was tentatively termed 'pellet-cisternal-drain; PCD'. The rate of diffusion of the drug from the pellets was examined in 30 patients who underwent surgery for ruptured cerebral aneurysms in the acute phase on the 0-4th postical days. 73.3% of patients had severe subarachnoid hemorrhage as group 3-4 in Fisher's classification in CT scan. The concentration of either drug in the cerebrospinal fluid on the 2nd to 3rd postoperative days reached the level of the maximum concentration obtained after bolus injection, and the level on the 5th to 10th postoperative days was similar to that observed several hours after bolus injection. The data showed that the sustained release pellet can act as a vasodilator, and its effects on cerebral vessels after an episode of subarachnoid hemorrhage continue for 2 to 3 weeks. All patients except one showed excellent results and returned to normal life.
Oda
Y
Y
Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga Medical Center for Adult Diseases, Japan.
Konishi
T
T
Okumura
T
T
Kang
Y
Y
Kikuchi
H
H
Kamijyo
Y
Y
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010208:Papaverine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D010208:Papaverine; D004110:Diltiazem