title: Cyclical Cushing's syndrome presenting as short stature in a boy with recurrent atrial myxomas and freckled skin pigmentation.
abstract: A young male patient demonstrated unusual features of Cushing's syndrome, atrial myxomas and freckled skin pigmentation. At 4.5 years of age he presented with intermittent swelling of his face and abdomen associated with weight gain and mild hypertension. A left atrial myxoma, suspected from routine physical examination, was surgically removed at 6.1 years of age. The initial mild symptoms clinically thought to be due to Cushing's syndrome, persisted intermittently without any consistent biochemical abnormality. At 10 years of age height velocity decreased and at 12 years early osteoporosis was observed radiologically. Repeated dexamethasone tests revealed a paradoxical increase in cortisol and corticotrophin from normal basal levels. Further investigation showed a cyclical pattern of hypercortisolism. The removal of a pituitary microadenoma failed to correct the features of Cushing's syndrome or prevent intermittent hypercortisolism. At 15.3 years a second left atrial myxoma was removed. This was followed by bilateral adrenalectomy. Histologically the features were consistent with primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. This is the first patient described with cyclical Cushing's syndrome as part of this unusual complex of disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cleland
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sheridan
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D006325:Heart Atria; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009232:Myxoma / Q000150:complications*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010507:Periodicity; D010859:Pigmentation Disorders / Q000150:complications*