title: Substrate regulation of the nucleotide pool during regional ischaemia and reperfusion in an isolated rat heart preparation: a phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis.
abstract: Isolated rat heart preparations were studied to characterise the alterations in high energy phosphates that occur during reversible regional ischaemia and to determine whether pyruvate, as the sole exogenous energy substrate, would attenuate the ischaemia induced depletion of the nucleotide pool when compared with glucose. Using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy baseline concentrations of adenosine triphosphate, phosphocreatine, inorganic phosphate, and intracellular pH were compared with values during 30 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 30 min of reperfusion. These variables were related to changes in developed pressure, coronary flow, and oxygen consumption. In addition, the total nucleotide pool was evaluated by biochemical analysis of myocardial tissue extracts and coronary effluent. The ischaemic region was characterised by a dye staining technique and cross sectional echocardiographic measurements of regional myocardial wall thinning. In both glucose and pyruvate perfused groups, coronary flow and oxygen consumption decreased to 50-60% of control within 1 min of ischaemia and returned to baseline values with reflow. Developed pressure decreased to 50(9) and 74(8)% (mean(SEM] of control after 30 min of ischaemia in glucose and pyruvate perfused groups respectively. Reperfusion resulted in complete recovery of developed pressure in hearts perfused with pyruvate but not in the glucose group. Glucose perfused hearts had a greater decrease in intracellular pH during ischaemia (7.07(0.01) to 6.36(0.1] than pyruvate perfused hearts (7.06(0.02) to 6.83(0.04]. Reperfusion resulted in a rapid return to baseline intracellular pH in both groups. During ischaemia, adenosine triphosphate values decreased to a greater degree in glucose than in pyruvate perfused hearts (57(4) and 79(5)% of baseline respectively). Thirty minutes of reperfusion did not significantly improve adenosine triphosphate concentrations in either group. Phosphocreatine concentrations decreased to 52(7) and 75(6)% of baseline in glucose and pyruvate perfused groups respectively after the ischaemic period. Reperfusion resulted in normalisation of phosphocreatine values in the pyruvate but not in the glucose perfused group. Biochemical analysis of myocardial tissue extracts confirmed the spectroscopy data and showed that pyruvate inhibits the efflux of adenine nucleotide derivatives. Tissue concentrations of adenosine monophosphate were three times greater and adenosine 50% less after 30 min of ischaemia in the pyruvate perfused group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Parmley
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Botvinick
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Watters
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schiller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sievers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wikman-Coffelt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010477:Perfusion; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D009711:Nucleotides; D011773:Pyruvates; D005947:Glucose