title: Alcohol intoxication reduces visual sustained attention.
abstract: Effects of alcohol intoxication on visual sustained attention were studied using a vigilance task entailing detection of degraded target stimuli. Data were obtained in separate sessions under four ethanol doses, ranging from 0 (placebo) to 1.05 g/kg lean body weight, with periodic maintenance dosing of 0.12 g/kg. Intoxication lowered the overall level of detection performance, and in addition produced dose-related increases in the rate of performance decrement over time. Analysis of performance data using techniques derived from Signal Detection Theory indicated that the decrements were due specifically to alterations in perceptual sensitivity. Examination of eye movements and blinks indicated that the effects of ethanol were not mediated peripherally. Rather, alcohol appears to have deleterious effects on central processing capacity and the availability of capacity over time. The alcohol-related failure of sustained attention may contribute to increased accident risk in tasks requiring continuous performance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rohrbaugh
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parasuraman
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Frowein
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adinoff
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Varner
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Zubovic
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Eckardt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linnoila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol