title: Ectopic pregnancy surveillance, United States, 1970-1985.
abstract: Ectopic pregnancy is now one of the leading causes of maternal death in the United States. In 1984 and 1985, both the numbers and rates of ectopic pregnancy increased. Since the rate of ectopic pregnancy remained unchanged for white women, the rate increase appears to be driven by the increasing rate among women of black and other races. Although ectopic pregnancies accounted for only 1.5% of the total pregnancies in 1984 and 1985, they accounted for 14% of the total maternal deaths in 1984 and for 11% of those deaths in 1985. However, the case-fatality rate for 1985 decreased to 4.2/10,000 ectopic pregnancies, down from the 35.5 deaths/10,000 ectopic pregnancies reported in 1970. Several factors may contribute to the increase in ectopic pregnancies, including heightened awareness of the condition, improved diagnostic technology, and possibly the higher prevalence of risk factors (e.g., acute and chronic salpingitis and sexually transmitted diseases) and the lower prevalence of protective factors (e.g., decreased use of oral contraceptives). Heightened awareness of the condition and improved technology may also be factors resulting in the decreased case-fatality rate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Health Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Atrash
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Saftlas
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Finch
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D044383:Black People; D003267:Contraception; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American