title: Breastfeeding pattern and the duration of lactational amenorrhea in urban Chilean women.
abstract: The influence of the breastfeeding pattern and several clinical variables upon the duration of postpartum amenorrhea was assessed in a group of healthy women selected for having had a normal pregnancy and delivery and being highly motivated for prolonged breastfeeding on demand. 676 women who were fully nursing at the second month postpartum entered the study. Supplements were administered to 11% and 48% of the infants by the end of the 3rd and 6th month, respectively. The first bleeding was experienced before the end of the sixth month postpartum by 57% of the cases. Supplementation had a strong negative influence while nursing frequency had a significant positive influence upon the length of amenorrhea. Notwithstanding, a frequency of 8+ suckling episodes per 24 h could not maintain amenorrhea in around half of the subjects. Age and parity had a moderate negative influence upon the risk of experiencing the first postpartum bleeding. Maternal weight and ponderal index, infant sex, birth weight and growth rate showed no significant influence upon the length of amenorrhea. In this urban population selected for having the highest motivation and best breastfeeding performance, the association of breastfeeding with amenorrhea was weak in comparison with what has been described for other populations. The risk of experiencing the first bleeding was reduced while fully breastfeeding with a high number of nursing episodes per day and night, particularly in older women with higher parity. But even in such situation 25% and 50% of the women had started to cycle by the end of the fifth and eight postpartum month.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva, Consultorio de Planificación Familiar, Santiago.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: del Pino
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schiappacasse
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Croxatto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002677:Chile; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D008598:Menstruation; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors; D014505:Urban Population