title: In-vitro activity of pefloxacin compared to enoxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin and new beta-lactams.
abstract: The in-vitro activity of pefloxacin was compared with that of norfloxacin, enoxacin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and, where appropriate, other beta-lactams against a total of 363 recent clinical isolates. An agar dilution procedure was used to determine MICs and two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) cfu) were used throughout. Pefloxacin inhibited 90% of isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, indole-positive Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhi, Campylobacter jejuni, Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae at less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l. Serratia marcescens and Providencia stuartii were somewhat more resistant, 2 mg/l of pefloxacin being required to inhibit 90% of isolates of these species. Pefloxacin inhibited 90% of isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 4 mg/l and 90% of isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group at 16 mg/l. The activity of enoxacin was similar to that of pefloxacin, with enoxacin being four-fold less active against Staph. aureus, two-fold less active against the Bacteroides fragilis group and most species of the Enterobacteriaceae, and two-fold more active against Ps. aeruginosa. Pefloxacin showed good activity against gentamicin-resistant Ps. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae and against methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus. Strains with decreased susceptibility to norfloxacin tended to be less susceptible to both pefloxacin and enoxacin.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zemcov
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D015365:Enoxacin; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009268:Nalidixic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009643:Norfloxacin; D015366:Pefloxacin; D047090:beta-Lactams
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D009287:Naphthyridines; D047090:beta-Lactams; D015366:Pefloxacin; D015365:Enoxacin; D009268:Nalidixic Acid; D009643:Norfloxacin