title: Influence of constant current iontophoresis on the impedance and passive Na+ permeability of excised nude mouse skin.
abstract: The impedance of excised nude mouse skin was determined over the frequency range 0.2-2500 Hz. Impedance versus frequency plots were obtained for skin which had undergone progressive hydration over a period of 8 h, and for similarly hydrated skin which, during the hydration period, was also exposed to a current density of 0.16 mA cm-2 for 1 h. The parallel frequency-dependent skin resistance and capacitance were then calculated from the impedance data. The skin resistance, at 0.2 Hz, for skin exposed to the iontophoretic current decreased by a factor of approximately 5 compared with that observed for skin which had undergone hydration, implying that the current had altered the ion conducting pathways of the skin. In addition, the Na+ flux was measured and shown to be linearly correlated (r = 0.99) with the inverse of the impedance of the skin at 0.2 Hz. This implies that the low frequency impedance of the skin is a measure of the passive ion permeability of the skin, and that this technique can be used as a noninvasive way to assess the relative effects of different types of iontophoretic current on the skin.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Burnette
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bagniefski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010539:Permeability; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012964:Sodium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium