title: Variations in velar position over time: a nasal videoendoscopic study.
abstract: Changes in velar position during production of nonnasal speech in two adults were measured using field-by-field videoendoscopic tracking procedures. The data suggested that the changes in velar position were coordinated with syllable production. Peak velar displacement occurred during maximum oral closure for oral consonant production and was followed by lowering of velar position during vowel production. This pattern of velar movement was not altered by changes in speaking rate or by jaw fixation. The timing of peak velar elevation relative to peak intraoral air pressure and peak jaw elevation was also examined. Timing of peak velar displacement was statistically associated with timing of peak intraoral air pressure in one subject. The data are discussed with regard to the potential value of studying variations in velar position during nonnasal speech in patients with marginal velopharyngeal incompetence.
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Karnell
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Linville
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000399:Air Pressure; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D009666:Nose; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000502:physiology*; D010700:Phonetics; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis; D014743:Videotape Recording