title: Episodic twilight state with severe autonomic symptoms in an epileptic patient.
abstract: A boy suffering from epileptic seizures experienced five episodes of a twilight state. His twilight states continued for at least two weeks, and were characterized by behavioral disorders and severe autonomic symptoms. Sometimes functional ileus was present. The electroencephalographic finding in the first episode was 6-per-second phantom spike and wave complex (PSW). For treatment, a combination of carbamazepine and sodium valproate was useful in preventing the reappearance of the episode of the twilight state and in suppressing PSW. From the clinical and electroencephalographic findings and therapeutic response to antiepileptics, the episodes were considered to have originated in localized epileptic discharges in the hippocampal, amygdaloidal and hypothalamic regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurata
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003244:Consciousness Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000503:physiopathology; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002220:Carbamazepine; D014635:Valproic Acid