title: Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma) in a 2-year-old boy.
abstract: A 2-year-old boy presented with sudden blindness and epistaxis resulting from olfactory neuroblastoma with intracranial extension. This disease is uncommon in children, with only 27 cases reported in patients less than 17 years of age. This article reviews the clinical and histological features of this tumor and discusses treatment. Therapy has generally consisted of surgery and radiation. Our child and 2 others treated with radiation and combination chemotherapy (including cyclophosphamide and anthracyclines) have done well with follow-ups of up to 9 1/2 years. Chemotherapy is an important form of adjuvant therapy in this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95817.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Woerner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lazerson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Munn
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016371:Cranial Irradiation; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008444:Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018241:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014750:Vincristine; D003606:Dacarbazine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide