title: Cardiovascular and thermal responses of triathlon performance.
abstract: Triathletes typically train each triathlon event separately. Therefore, to determine the cardiovascular and thermal differences between training and triathlon performance, nine male triathletes performed a simulated 75-min (40 km) control bike and a 40-min (10 km) control run at 70% of maximal oxygen uptake. Control data were compared to data derived from a simulated triathlon (0.8-km swim, 75-min bike, and 40-min run). Results demonstrated that prior swimming significantly decreased (P less than 0.05) triathlon cycling work output (191 +/- 4.2 to 159 +/- 7.6 W) producing mean differences (P less than 0.05) in oxygen uptake (3.18 +/- 0.1 to 3.01 +/- 0.11.min-1), ventilation (84.7 +/- 4 to 80.4 +/- 4.21.min-1), stroke volume (128 +/- 7.1 to 118 +/- 3.5 ml.min-1), cardiac output (20.7 +/- 1.2 to 18.9 +/- 0.8 l.min-1), mean arterial pressure (105 +/- 3.8 to 96 +/- 7.9 mm Hg) and rectal temperature (38.2 +/- 0.2 to 38.4 +/- 0.3 degrees C). Triathlon running, while performing identical control work output, elicited significant increases (P less than 0.05) in oxygen uptake (3.41 +/- 0.1 to 3.85 +/- 0.1 l.min-1), ventilation (91.3 +/- 3.3 to 104.2 +/- 2.8 l.min-1), heart rate (161 +/- 3.1 to 174 +/- 3.6 beats.min-1), arteriovenous oxygen difference (15.3 +/- 0.2 to 17.2 +/- 0.3 ml.100 ml-1) and rectal temperature (38.3 +/- 0.2 and 39.2 +/- 0.3 degrees C) with significantly lower (P less than 0.05) stroke volume (138 +/- 2.4 to 129 +/- 3.6 ml.min-1) and mean arterial pressure (102 +/- 11.2 to 89 +/- 5.5 mm Hg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508-8502.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Kreider
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boone
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burkes
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cortes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling; D001831:Body Temperature; D004526:Efficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012420:Running; D013177:Sports; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013550:Swimming