title: The effect of oral betaine on vertebral body bone density in pyridoxine-non-responsive homocystinuria.
abstract: Five pyridoxine-non-responsive homocystinuric patients aged 5 to 32 years were treated with oral betaine, 3 g b.i.d, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-year crossover study of its effect on bone mineralization. Betaine therapy significantly reduced mean plasma homocystine (36 +/- 9 (SEM) mumol L-1 to 9 +/- 4 mumol L-1), with variable increases in plasma methionine and no adverse effects. Bone density, measured by computerized tomographic scanning of vertebral bodies, was below normal in all patients at the start of the study, and was not significantly altered by betaine therapy administered according to this protocol.
authors.affiliation: Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gahl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kurtz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horvath
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D001622:Betaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006711:Homocystine / Q000097:blood; D006712:Homocystinuria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000097:blood; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013131:Spine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008903:Minerals; D001622:Betaine; D006711:Homocystine; D008715:Methionine; D011736:Pyridoxine