title: [Gram-negative bacteria in a medical resuscitation unit. Distribution of species and antibiotic sensitivity].
abstract: The distribution of Gram-negative bacilli species and their susceptibility to various antibiotics were surveyed over a 18-month period in an intensive care unit. Gram-negative bacilli were isolated from blood cultures (65), urine cultures (191), respiratory tract samples (176) or miscellaneous samples (69). The bacilli most frequently isolated from blood cultures were enterobacteriaceae (95%), including Escherichia coli (46%), Proteus (22%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was predominant in respiratory tract samples, and Serratia marcescens was more frequently isolated from urine cultures than from other samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using a standard disc diffusion method. In view of the susceptibility of blood isolates to the second-generation cephalosporins we consider that these are preferable to third-generation cephalosporins for first-line antibiotic therapy of septicaemia due to Gram-negative bacilli, except for hospital-acquired infections. More than 50% of the bacilli were resistant to ampicillin; ticarcillin and mezlocillin were not very active against Klebsiella. Nalidixic acid was very active on urine isolates and therefore seems to be a good first-line antibacterial for lower urinary tract infections.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Riou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Coquin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rimailho
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rottman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Auzépy
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001769:Blood; D001980:Bronchi / Q000382:microbiology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
vernacular_title: Les bacilles à Gram négatif en réanimation médicale. Répartition des espèces et sensibilité aux antibiotiques.