Respiratory airflow patterns in ponies at rest and during exercise.
The exercise-induced changes in the equine breathing pattern were studied by analyzing tidal breathing flow-volume loops recorded in ten ponies both at rest and during a standardized exercise. Airflow, tidal volume, esophageal pressure and mask pressure were simultaneously recorded before, during and after a treadmill exercise. From the collected data, respiratory frequency and total pulmonary resistance were calculated, tidal breathing flow-volume loops were retraced using a computerized method and loop indices were measured for each period of the experimental protocol. For each pony, results of three consecutive daily measurements were averaged. The exercise loop indices were compared with the corresponding resting values using a one-way analysis of variance. The significantly changed indices were correlated with respiratory frequency and total pulmonary resistance. Several types of respiratory patterns were observed at rest as well as during exercise, although each pony was relatively constant in its own pattern of breathing. Most resting inspiratory and expiratory airflow curves were found to be biphasic. When ponies started running, the airflow developed an increasingly rectangular pattern. During strenuous exercise, both inspiratory and expiratory airflow curves showed a substantial increase of the volume acceleration and tended to a plateau. The loop indices relating the expiratory to the inspiratory airflow were significantly increased compared with their rest values. Correlations of these indices with respiratory frequency and total pulmonary resistance were weak.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Laboratory for Cardio-pulmonary Functional Investigation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Brussels, Belgium.
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D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion; D010994:Pleura / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013990:Tidal Volume