title: The psychological significance of secondary sexual characteristics in nine- to eleven-year-old girls.
abstract: 82 9-11-year-old girls were seen in order to study the onset of puberty as represented by breast and pubic hair growth. Girls filled out self-report scales, mothers rated their daughters' breast and pubic hair development using schematic representations of the Tanner stages, and height was measured by a nurse practitioner. Breast growth, but not pubic hair growth, was expected to be associated with a positive body image, positive peer relationships, superior adjustment, and the rating of adult roles as important (marriage, children, and careers). These expectations were confirmed for all but the adult role measures. Controlling for pubic hair growth did not alter the findings for breast development. Associations with height also were examined. Height was linked to superior adjustment and career importance. These findings are discussed in terms of possible roles that different pubertal events may play in the self-definitions of young adolescents as well as the meaning of various physical changes to the girl and to others.
authors.affiliation: Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ 08541.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brooks-Gunn
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height; D001828:Body Image; D001940:Breast / Q000254:growth & development; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D011627:Puberty; D012649:Self Concept; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012917:Social Adjustment