Modulation of rat gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 release by dietary linoleic acid: effects on gastric acid secretion and stress-induced mucosal damage.
We studied chronic intake of diets deficient in or supplemented with linoleic acid to determine whether it affects gastric acid secretion, release of prostaglandin E2, and stress-induced lesions. For 8-10 wk rats were fed three dietary regimens supplying 3.5% (control group), 0.3%, and 10% of total calories as linoleic acid. We found that diets deficient in linoleic acid (0.3%) reduced release of prostaglandin E2 into the gastric lumen (-77%) and increased basal (+133%) and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion (+93%) and the area of cold restraint-induced gastric mucosal lesions (+280%), when compared with the control group. Diets supplemented with linoleic acid (10%) increased prostaglandin E2 release into the gastric lumen (+106%) and reduced basal (-44%) and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion (-78%) and the area of cold restraint-induced mucosal.lesions (-80%). Prevention of these lesions by the 10% linoleic acid diet was confirmed by quantitative histology. Pretreatment with indomethacin (8 mg/kg intraperitoneally) abolished the effects of the 10% linoleic acid diet on prostaglandin formation, acid secretion, and mucosal injury. We conclude that in rats chronic intake of dietary linoleic acid reduces acid secretion and prevents cold restraint-induced mucosal lesions, possibly because of augmented synthesis of endogenous prostaglandins in the gastric mucosa.
Schepp
W
W
Department of Internal Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany.
Steffen
B
B
Ruoff
H J
HJ
Schusdziarra
V
V
Classen
M
M
D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D015232:Dinoprostone; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008026:Ligation; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010418:Pentagastrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000378:metabolism*; D011708:Pylorus / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*
D008041:Linoleic Acids; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D010418:Pentagastrin; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin