title: Intracranial CSF volumes: natural variations and physiological changes measured by MRI.
abstract: Cranial CSF volumes, for the first time including CSF in the subarachnoid space, can be measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The MRI sequence causes signal from the grey matter and white matter to cancel producing a contrast of 200: 1 between a unit of CSF and a unit of brain. We have assessed the variations between normal individuals and investigated some of the physiological factors that might influence cranial CSF volumes. Total CSF volumes were measured in 64 normal subjects, aged from 18-64 years (mean 38 years). Ventricular, cortical sulcal and posterior fossa volumes were also calculated separately. In 20 females with a normal menstrual cycle, CSF volumes were measured mid cycle and premenstrually; 10 post menopausal females and 10 males were rescanned after an interval of 2 weeks. Total cranial CSF volume were calculated before and during inhalation of 7% CO2 and before and during hyperventilation while breathing 60% O2, in 12 normal subjects. Total intracranial CSF volume ranged from 57.1-286.5 ml. Total intracranial and cortical sulcal CSF volumes increased more steeply with age than ventricular or posterior fossa CSF volumes. Males had more cranial CSF than females. Total CSF volume increased premenstrually in 19 females. Males and post-menopausal females did not have a significant change in CSF volume, on repeat examination. CO2 inhalation produced a mean increase of paCO2 of 17.2 mmHg and CSF volume decreased in all subjects (mean 9.4 ml). Cranial CSF volume increased in 11 subjects during O2 inhalation (range -0.5 to +26.7 ml mean 10.9 ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, U.K.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Teasdale
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Condon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hadley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wyper
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001810:Blood Volume; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors