title: Determination of isopentenyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate in tissue samples with a comment on secondary regulation of polyisoprenoid biosynthesis.
abstract: A double-isotope dilution procedure is described for the determination of two isoprenoid precursors, isopentenyl and farnesyl diphosphate. Recovery of each is determined by the addition of the appropriate radioactive diphosphate to the tissue sample. After partial purification, each is coupled by a prenyltransferase with a cosubstrate of known specific activity. The products, doubly labeled farnesyl and geranylgeranyl diphosphates, are cleaved to the parent alcohols by alkaline phosphatase. The resulting polyprenols are isolated by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography and their radioisotopic content is determined. The levels of these precursors have been measured in livers of rats and mice that have been maintained on several different diets. The concentration of each was about 0.5 mumol/g wet tissue and varied as much as 10-fold under the different test conditions. The levels of isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase, farnesyl diphosphate synthetase, and squalene synthetase were also measured in these animals. The changes in levels of these enzymes, in conjunction with the variation in substrate concentrations, are such that they could substantially influence the rate of cholesterol synthesis in liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84108.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bruenger
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Rilling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D008099:Liver / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D011106:Polyisoprenyl Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012588:Scintillation Counting; D012717:Sesquiterpenes
chemical_list: D045782:Hemiterpenes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011106:Polyisoprenyl Phosphates; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C004809:isopentenyl pyrophosphate; C004808:farnesyl pyrophosphate; D002784:Cholesterol