Effect of combined 5-fluorouracil and radiation on murine hematopoietic tissue.
The interaction of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiation in hematopoietic tissue was assessed as the survival of hematopoietic stem cells (CFUs) by means of the spleen colony assay. 5-FU was given intraperitoneally in the dose range 50-500 mg/kg body weight. In this dose range, stem cell survival decreased exponentially as a function of 5-FU dose. After 150 mg/kg of 5-FU alone (i.e. the maximum tolerated dose, MTD), the stem cell survival rapidly decreased, reaching a minimum after 1-2 days. The decrease was followed by a regeneration phase with a doubling time of about 28 h, with return to pretreatment values on day 7, and with an overshoot of survival on day 10-28. A similar regeneration was observed after 0.75 Gy radiation alone, but there was no evidence of an overshoot of stem cell number. 5-FU given 15 min before whole-body irradiation resulted in a pronounced reduction in stem cell survival due to an increase in the slope of the radiation survival curve by a factor of 2.1. After combined 5-FU and radiation, the survival rapidly decreased to a minimum at day 1, and it showed only a slight increase within the next 7 days. After this delay, the stem cells regenerated with a doubling time of about 30 h, reaching pretreatment values on day 15. The delayed stem cell regeneration was not seen following 3.5 Gy radiation alone or 225 mg/kg 5-FU alone, which resulted in the same nadir of CFUs survival as found after the combined treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nielsen
O S
OS
Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Danish Cancer Society, Aarhus.
von der Maase
H
H
Overgaard
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice
D005472:Fluorouracil