title: Training program for transanal endoscopic microsurgery.
abstract: Televised endoscopy and the concept of the "assisted" endoscopic operation is of great help in teaching surgical endoscopic techniques. The use of training dummies provides a new method of training manual dexterity and surgical skills in special courses or in surgical skill laboratories. We have developed a training system for transanal endoscopic microsurgery. Operations with our technique were performed on 116 patients. Like other microsurgical techniques, our method requires a special introduction and intensive training. This paper presents our multistage, video-supported training course for teaching transanal endoscopic microsurgery. The one-day training session is divided into four steps: (1) becoming acquainted with the technology; (2) training on cloth phantom; (3) training on opened bowel; (4) training on closed bovine bowel distended by gas insufflation. Each step is introduced by a short videotape didactically demonstrating the particular aspects of the method.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein- und Abdominalchirurgie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kipfmüller
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buess
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naruhn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Junginger
mesh_terms: D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000193:education*; D003107:Colorectal Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000193:education*; D008961:Models, Structural; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000193:education*; D014743:Videotape Recording