title: Determination of iduronic acid and glucuronic acid in glycosaminoglycans after stoichiometric reduction and depolymerization using high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection.
abstract: The reduction of uronic acids in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) prior to depolymerization reactions is one way in which the uronic acid content of polysaccharides can be studied without major losses. The obtained monosaccharides can be recovered from the subsequent depolymerization with a yield better than 95%. Following reduction, depolymerization, and lyophilization, D-glucuronic acid is converted to D-Glc and L-iduronic acid to 1,6-anhydro-idose. Per-O-benzoyl derivatives of these monosaccharides can be separated and detected in nanogram amounts using reversed phase HPLC. A linear detector response was obtained for injections up to 22 nmol (4 micrograms) of Glc and 1,6-anhydro-idose and the detection limit was 5 and 7 pmol, respectively. Reduction, depolymerization, and derivatization with subsequent chromatography of various GAGs can be readily performed in the 1- to 30-micrograms range.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Karamanos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hjerpe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsegenidis
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Engfeldt
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Antonopoulos
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007067:Iduronic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014574:Uronic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D005965:Glucuronates; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D014574:Uronic Acids; D007067:Iduronic Acid; D020723:Glucuronic Acid