title: High ammonia levels in brain induce tubulin in cerebrum but not in cerebellum.
abstract: Ingestion of large amounts of ammonium increases markedly the content of tubulin in brain. The effect on tubulin induction of ammonium ingestion for up to 100 days was investigated. Brain tubulin content showed a rapid initial increase (28%) at 2 days and reached 50% after 100 days on the diet. To discern if ammonia, the increase in urea synthesis, or both was responsible for tubulin induction, rats were maintained at several levels of uremia (by administering diets containing 0 to 80% protein) or in hyperammonemia (by urease treatment). Only ammonium administration in the diet and urease injection induced tubulin in brain. Tubulin was quantified in three different brain regions. There was a regional selectivity of tubulin induction by ammonia in rat brain. Whereas the cerebellum remained unaltered, the paleencephalon showed the highest increase, and the cerebral cortex exhibited only a modest increase.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Citológicas de la Caja de Ahorros de Valencia, Centro Asociado del CSIC, Spain.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Miñana
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Felipo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grisolía
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014404:Tubulin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D014404:Tubulin; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea