title: Proportion of lung cancers in males, due to occupation, in different areas of the USA.
abstract: Occupational data from 5 case-control studies in the United States involving 2,973 male cases and 3,210 controls were analyzed to estimate the percentage of lung cancer attributable to well-known and suspected lung carcinogens. The studies were conducted in areas heterogeneous in terms of industrial activities. The percentage of lung cancers attributable to occupations entailing potential exposure to well-recognized carcinogens ranged, by study area, from 3 to 17%. The further inclusion of occupational groups with suspect carcinogenic exposures changed these estimates very little. Exclusion of data derived from next-of-kin interviews influenced the estimates of attributable risks, but not in a systematic fashion. The estimates also varied according to ethnic group, smoking status and birth cohort, with higher values in non-whites, non-smokers and among members of more recent birth cohorts. Possible errors in exposure classification, which may make these estimates conservative, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Università, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vineis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Blot
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Pickle
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Fontham
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States