title: Delayed oto-acoustic emissions evoked by bone-conduction stimulation: experimental data on their origin, characteristics and transfer to the external ear in man.
abstract: 1) BCEOE have been obtained in subjects with normal hearing by 1 kHz tone-bursts; 2) the morphology of BCEOE varies from one subject to another, and is stable over the course of time. BCEOE do not display a linear relation between their amplitude and the intensity of the stimulus, whose spectral composition is the same as theirs; 3) by contrast with ACEOE, whose mean threshold is the same as that of the subjective tonal threshold for the same stimulus presented by the same stimulation modality, BCEOE threshold, on overage, is about 10 dB HTL higher; 4) this difference in threshold is not due to interference on the part of the controlateral ear, via the efferent fibres, since it is also observed in persons with unilateral anacusis. It is probably the outcome of unilateral competitive inhibition between two stimuli presented to the same ear at the same time. By bone-conduction stimulation in fact, when the meatus is occluded by the probe, as in our experimental situations, Corti's organ is reached by a supplementary contingent of mechanical energy generated by the vibration of the bony part of the meatus and transmitted by air conduction; 5) ACEOE cannot be obtained in otosclerotic subjects whereas they appear after surgery. BCEOE are obtained before surgery and increase in amplitude post-operatively; 6) the findings mentioned in point 5) clearly demonstrate that the ossicular chain plays an important, but not an essential role in the transfer of EOE from the inner to the external ear.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Audiology, Turin University, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Solero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rolando
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olina
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D001844:Bone Conduction; D003638:Deafness / Q000503:physiopathology; D004423:Ear / Q000502:physiology*; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000502:physiology; D004431:Ear, External; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D013016:Sound