title: Accumulation of carbamoylphosphate-synthetase and phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase mRNA in embryonic rat hepatocytes. Evidence for translational control during the initial phases of hepatocyte-specific gene expression in vitro.
abstract: The aim of this study was to establish whether the initial accumulation of hepatocyte-specific proteins after hormone induction is regulated at the pretranslational and/or the translational level. To this end, mRNA molar concentrations were determined and compared with rates of protein synthesis from previous studies [van Roon, M.A., Charles, R. & Lamers, W.H. (1987) Eur. J. Biochem. 165, 229-234]. In vivo, carbamoylphosphate-synthetase mRNA starts to accumulate at day 17 of pregnancy. Phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase mRNA starts to accumulate only just prior to birth. Embryonic day 14 (i.e. 8 days before the expected day of birth), livers were chosen to study the regulation of the initiation of hepatocyte-specific mRNA accumulation in vitro. Accumulation of carbamoylphosphate-synthetase and phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase mRNA is regulated by the same hormones as accumulation of the respective proteins. The rate at which carbamoylphosphate-synthetase and phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase mRNA molecules accumulate in cultured embryonic hepatocytes is relatively low, compared to that of postnatal hepatocytes. However, the increase of the rate of synthesis of carbamoylphosphate-synthetase and phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase protein is even 3-6-fold slower than that of mRNA. This shows that initially mRNAs accumulate intracellularly to a relatively high concentration without being efficiently translated or translatable. Only after the mRNA concentration reaches a plateau of 72 h and 48 h respectively, the cellular capacity to synthesize the respective proteins increases. Therefore, the translational efficiency is certainly one of the major rate-limiting factors of the initial phases of expression of the hepatocyte-specific genes for carbamoylphosphate synthetase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Roon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zonneveld
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lamers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002223:Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing) / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006728:Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP); D002223:Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)