title: A plasma steroid hormone binding protein in the viviparous water snake, Nerodia.
abstract: A plasma steroid binding protein (SHBP) with medium-high affinity and limited capacity was characterized in the viviparous water snake, Nerodia. This SHBP shows similarity to SHBPs previously described in some other nonmammalian species. A single binding component was detected by Scatchard analyses with a medium-high affinity for testosterone (T), estradiol (E), progesterone (P), and corticosterone (B). Equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) for these steroids are as follows: T, 3.6 x 10(-8) M; E, 3.7 x 10(-8) M; P, 5.9 x 10(-8) M; B, 12.1 x 10(-8) M. In competition studies (at saturation) the relative binding affinities (RBA) for E (1.0) and T (1.0) were higher than those for P (0.8) and B (0.59). Further analysis of binding specificity for [3H]estradiol at 100-fold excess competitor concentrations revealed that dihydrotestosterone also competes; however, estrone and estriol were relatively poor competitors. Displacement of 3H-E by antiestrogen clomiphene derivatives and synthetic estrogen varied; enclomiphene citrate (67.8%), clomiphene citrate (42.2%), diethylstilbestrol (37.3%), and zuclomiphene citrate (15.2%). The SHBP has a relatively high binding capacity (Bmax = 0.09-0.7 M), which may be correlated with the relatively high circulating plasma steriod levels in this species. Scatchard analysis, disc gel electrophoresis, sucrose gradient centrifugation, and competition studies indicate the presence of a single moiety binding estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, and corticosterone. The estradiol-SHBP complex is unstable, exhibiting very short times of association (t less than 1.5 min) and dissociation (Kd = 0.0165 sec-1, t 1/2 = 18.3 sec). Measurement of SHBP levels throughout the seasonal reproductive cycle revealed high levels of binding in previtellogenic, vitellogenic, early pregnant, and postpartum animals. A significantly lower level of SHBP was detected in mid-late pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Boston University, Department of Biology, Massachusetts 02215.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kleis-San Francisco
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Callard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000097:blood; D004589:Electrophoresis, Disc; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011485:Protein Binding; D012098:Reproduction; D012911:Snakes / Q000097:blood*; D013256:Steroids / Q000097:blood*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D013256:Steroids; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D003345:Corticosterone