title: Thyroid carcinoma--problems in management.
abstract: A retrospective review of surgically treated cases of thyroid carcinomas in this department during a 10 year period of 1976 to 1985 was performed. From a detailed analysis of 71 cases three features are highlighted. Firstly, the rising incidence of thyroid carcinomas and papillary carcinomas with age has been clearly demonstrated. Secondly, with current clinical and investigative modalities using thyroid scans, ultrasonography and frozen section histology, the preoperative and operative diagnosis of malignancy has been limited resulting in only 27% of patients confirmed to have carcinoma histologically. This resulted in 35% of patients requiring staged procedures to achieve total thyroidectomy. Finally from the prognostic factors of survival that were evaluated, age at diagnosis, local invasiveness, and distant metastases were found to be significant factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nambiar
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D000367:Age Factors; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012846:Singapore; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D013965:Thyroidectomy