title: 3,7-Dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine: a potent and selective in vivo antagonist of adenosine analogs.
abstract: 3,7-Dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX), a caffeine analog that exhibits in vitro selectivity for A2-adenosine receptors, compared to A1-adenosine receptors, has now been investigated with respect to in vivo potency and selectivity. DMPX potently and selectively blocked the actions of the potent A2 adenosine agonist, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), in DBA/2 mice, compared to blockade of the same responses elicited by the selective A1-adenosine agonist, N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA). DMPX was 57-fold more potent versus NECA-induced hypothermia than versus CHA-induced hypothermia and 11-fold more potent versus NECA-induced behavioral depression than versus CHA-induced behavioral depression. The hypothermia is mediated by peripheral receptors, based on blockade by 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (PSPT), while the behavioral depression is centrally mediated, based on lack of blockade by PSPT. DMPX was 28- and 15-fold more potent than caffeine in blocking peripheral and central NECA-responses, respectively. DMPX was equipotent with caffeine versus CHA-induced hypothermia and 2.5-fold more potent than caffeine versus CHA-induced behavioral depression. The motor stimulating potency of DMPX (ED50 10 mumol/kg) was slightly greater than caffeine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73190.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Seale
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Abla
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Shamim
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Carney
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Daly
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019830:Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D012016:Reference Values; D013805:Theobromine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013806:Theophylline / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019830:Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); C027513:N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine; D002110:Caffeine; C057837:3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine; D013806:Theophylline; D000241:Adenosine; D013805:Theobromine