title: Comparison of rectal to intramuscular administration of midazolam and atropine for premedication of children.
abstract: The effectiveness of midazolam and atropine as anaesthetic premedication was investigated, comparing rectal to intramuscular administration. A total of 202 children varying in age from 10 months to 9 years, who had been admitted to the Day Surgery Department for short ENT procedures, were assigned to one of two groups on a random basis. The first group (n = 102) was given 0.5 mg/kg midazolam and 0.05 mg/kg atropine as a rectal solution 30 to 75 min prior to induction, while the second group (n = 100) was given 0.15 mg/kg midazolam and 0.02 mg/kg atropine as an intramuscular injection 20 to 60 min prior to induction. The levels of sedation and salivation were compared, as was the degree of tolerance to intravenous induction. The parents of children older than 3 years of age were given a questionnaire designed to determine the degree of amnesia. We found this combination of drugs to be effective in the relief of anxiety, the inhibition of salivary secretion and the promotion of memory loss, regardless of the route of administration. We feel that rectal administration is preferable because it is not associated with pain or anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, De Wever Hospital, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: De Jong
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Verburg
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication
chemical_list: D001285:Atropine; D008874:Midazolam