title: Modification of phencyclidine intoxification and biodisposition by charcoal and other treatments.
abstract: Studies were conducted to determine whether single or combination treatments of charcoal, paraffin, cholestyramine, and/or ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), would alter the rotarod-measured motor dysfunction induced by 10 to 90 mg/kg of phencyclidine (PCP). Additionally, the effect of NH4Cl/charcoal treatment of the biodisposition of 50 mg/kg PCP was evaluated in order to assess whether amelioration of behavioral effects could be correlated to alterations in brain levels, plasma levels, and/or the renal clearance of PCP and metabolites. NH4Cl/charcoal treatment proved more effective at reducing intoxication than either treatment singly, though effectiveness was reduced by larger doses of PCP. NH4Cl/charcoal treatment reduced intoxification by 40, 16, and 21% at PCP doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg. However, the reduction in motor dysfunction observed at 25 and 50 mg/kg PCP was greater than the sum of the individual treatments. In contrast, the effect of combined NH4Cl and charcoal treatment on the biodisposition of 50 mg/kg PCP is not synergistic, but appears instead to be due simply to the additive effects of the individual treatments. Thus the amelioration of PCP intoxication cannot be fully explained by alterations in PCP biodisposition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lyddane
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Compton
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010232:Paraffin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010623:Phencyclidine Abuse / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin; D002606:Charcoal; D010232:Paraffin; D010622:Phencyclidine