title: Review of bronchopulmonary foregut malformations.
abstract: The term bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BFM) describes rare cases of pulmonary sequestrations that communicate with the upper gastrointestinal tract. An unusual type of BFM is described; it consisted of esophageal atresia, proximal and distal tracheoesophageal fistulae, and bilateral extralobar pulmonary sequestrations communicating with a common bronchial structure that replaced the distal esophagus. This case is related to other reported cases in the literature, and serves as the basis for a proposed theory of the embryonic development of BFM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Pokorny
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kessler
mesh_terms: D001998:Bronchopulmonary Sequestration / Q000196:embryology*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D013270:Stomach / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000196:embryology