title: Inhibitors of liver lysosomal acid phospholipase A1.
abstract: Lysosomal acid phospholipase A1, as well as other lysosomal enzymes, may be released under pathophysiological conditions into extralysosomal compartments. As shown here, several unspecific mechanisms exist which inhibit the hydrolysis of membrane diacylphospholipids by lysosomal acid phospholipase A1 and hence prevent an uncontrolled membrane destruction. These findings were obtained by employing partially purified rat liver lysosomal acid phospholipase A1 and sonicated radioactively labeled phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine as substrate. The inhibitory principles found include (1) pH, (2) inorganic cations, and (3) various proteins. Inorganic cations and proteins, however, inhibited lysosomal acid phospholipase A1 activity only below pH 6.0, and inhibition never exceeded 96%. Of the inorganic cations studied, the divalent species, as compared to the monovalent one, impaired lysosomal acid phospholipase A1 activity at significantly lower concentrations. Virtually all of the intracellular and extracellular proteins studied inhibited the enzyme activity, but the inhibitory potencies of the different proteins varied considerably. In general, basic and hydrophobic proteins were the most potent inhibitors, whereas glycoproteins appeared to be less inhibitory. The degree of inhibition of the enzyme activity in both proteins and inorganic cations depended on the substrate concentration and not on that of the enzyme. Binding studies provided evidence for inhibitor-substrate and against inhibitor-enzyme interactions.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunze
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bohn
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Löffler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002412:Cations; D003902:Detergents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology*; D017830:Octoxynol; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D054466:Phospholipases A1; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D003902:Detergents; D012709:Serum Albumin; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017830:Octoxynol; D010740:Phospholipases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054466:Phospholipases A1