title: Effect of phorbol esters on rat lacrimal gland protein secretion.
abstract: To identify a role for protein kinase C in lacrimal gland protein secretion, we incubated rat exorbital lacrimal gland acini in the ester 4-beta-phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate (beta-phorbol dibutyrate), its inactive isomer 4-alpha-phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate (alpha-phorbol dibutyrate), and the diacylglycerol analog 1,2-oleoyl acetylglycerol (OAG). We determined protein secretion by measuring the activity of peroxidase, a protein secreted by lacrimal gland acini. beta-phorbol dibutyrate, but not alpha-phorbol dibutyrate, stimulated peroxidase secretion in a concentration-dependent manner with 3 X 10(-8) M producing maximal secretion. OAG (10(-6) M) also stimulated peroxidase secretion. To determine whether muscarinic and alpha 1-adrenergic agonists activate protein kinase C, we added beta-phorbol dibutyrate (10(-7) M) simultaneously with carbachol (10(-5) M) or phenylephrine (10(-4) M); under both conditions, secretion was less than additive. Protein secretion in the presence of beta-phorbol dibutyrate (10(-7) M) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (10(-8) M), the latter that acts through cAMP, was additive, and when the beta-phorbol dibutyrate but not the VIP concentration was decreased to 10(-8) M, secretion was potentiated. We conclude that muscarinic and alpha 1-adrenergic agonists, but not VIP, stimulated lacrimal gland protein secretion by activating protein kinase C.
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dartt
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Unser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010703:Phorbol Esters; D010656:Phenylephrine; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D002217:Carbachol; D011493:Protein Kinase C