title: Comparative efficacy of five antibiotics on experimental airborne legionellosis in guinea-pigs.
abstract: The efficacy of preventive and curative treatment of experimental airborne legionellosis in guinea-pigs was studied for erythromycin, rifampicin, minocycline, doxycycline and pefloxacin. The aerosol was produced from a strain of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 and dispersed in a chamber maintained below atmospheric pressure. Guinea-pigs were exposed for 30 min to 1 or 10 LD50 (10(3) or 10(4) viable inhaled organisms). Treatment was preventive or curative. Antibiotic concentrations in lungs and serum were evaluated during treatment. The action of the antibiotics on guinea-pigs infected by 1 LD50 resulted in 100% survival. For the 10 LD50 infection, pefloxacin, minocycline and erythromycin were more active (with 87.5% survivors) than doxycycline (75%) and rifampicin (62.5%). Preventive treatment with pefloxacin or doxycycline gave 100% protection, compared with 87.5% for rifampicin, 50% for erythromycin and 37.5% for minocycline. In this study, treatment of experimental legionellosis was improved, compared with previous publications, by early administration of antibiotics and increased dosage and duration.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Bactériologiques, Institut Pasteur de Lyon, Faculté Alexis Carrel, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowicki
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Paucod
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bornstein
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meugnier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Isoard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fleurette
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents