title: The influence of cryopreservation on a benzimidazole-resistant isolate of Haemonchus contortus conditioned for inhibited development.
abstract: Larvae of a fenbendazole (FBZ)-selected, benzimidazole-resistant strain of Haemonchus contortus were conditioned for inhibited development during 7 weeks at 15 degrees C. Sheep raised nearly worm-free were infected with nonfrozen larvae (L3). Larvae from the same batch were exsheathed and cryopreserved over liquid nitrogen for 1 year, and another group of sheep was infected with the same dose of these L3 larvae after thawing. Egg hatch assays for all sheep were done between 21 and 30 days post infection (p.i.). Fenbendazole susceptibility was tested by treating 50% of each group of sheep on day 30 p.i. Worm counts of all sheep were done on day 38 p.i. The exsheathment time of the designated frozen L3 larvae at 15 degrees C exceeded the usual time span at room temperature. Of the frozen L3 larvae, 60% was motile after thawing. The mean LC50 values (micrograms tiabendazole/ml) and the mean percentage of efficacy after FBZ treatment against total worm burden, adults and early L4 larvae of nonfrozen and frozen H. contortus were not significantly different. The mean percentages of take (infectivity) for nonfrozen and frozen doses were 35.3% and 5.9%, respectively (P less than 0.001). In nontreated sheep, the mean percentages of inhibition for nonfrozen and frozen doses were 91.9%, and 54.2%, respectively (P less than 0.01). The exsheathment time seems to be temperature-dependent. The induction of inhibited development of L3 larvae during 7 weeks was as effective as during 5 weeks at 15 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Helminthology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Hendrikx
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Boersema
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eysker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D005615:Freezing; D006188:Haemonchiasis / Q000469:parasitology*; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007814:Larva; D011309:Preservation, Biological; D012756:Sheep; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000254:growth & development*; D014252:Trichostrongyloidiasis / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; C031000:benzimidazole