title: Enhancement of cytogenetic damage by chlorpromazine in human lymphocytes treated with alkylating antineoplastics and caffeine.
abstract: In cultured human lymphocytes chlorpromazine (CPZ) was found to induce cell division delays and to have no effect on sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or on mitotic indices (MIs). CPZ induces cytotoxic effects in combination with caffeine (CAF) and alkylating agents. In combination with CAF it induced cell division delays and suppression of MIs. In combination with melphalan (MEL) and CAF, CPZ synergistically induced SCEs, caused cell division delay and suppressed MIs. In combination with chlorambucil (CBC) and CAF, CPZ produced synergism on induction of SCEs, enhanced cell division delays and reduced MIs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lialiaris
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mourelatos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dozi-Vassiliades
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008940:Mitotic Index / Q000187:drug effects; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D002110:Caffeine; D002746:Chlorpromazine