title: Inactivation of Giardia lamblia and Giardia canis cysts by combined and free chlorine.
abstract: Free chlorine and a combined organic N-chloramine (3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone, compound 1) were compared for efficacy as disinfectants against an admixture of cysts of Giardia lamblia and Giardia canis in water solution under a variety of test conditions; variables were pH, temperature, and water quality. In general, compound 1 was found to reduce the giardial excystation in the solutions at lower concentration or shorter contact time at a given total chlorine concentration than did free chlorine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5312.
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Swango
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Blagburn
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hendrix
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Worley
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005872:Giardia / Q000187:drug effects*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D010080:Oxazoles; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D014867:Water; D002713:Chlorine; C036350:3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone