title: In situ hybridisation and S1 mapping show that the presence of infiltrating plasma cells is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer.
abstract: In order to identify potential markers of prognosis in breast cancer, representative cDNA libraries were constructed using RNA isolated from primary breast tumour tissue associated with good and poor prognosis. Cross-screening of these libraries repeatedly identified cloned mRNA species associated with the immune system, in particular B-cells, in libraries derived from tumours of poor prognosis. We have used one of these a kappa IV light chain cDNA probe, in two complementary studies to investigate the relationship between immunoglobin gene expression and prognosis. The results obtained using a combination of S1 mapping, RNA blotting and in situ hybridisation demonstrate that the presence of plasma cells, as defined by infiltrating cells which express high levels of immunoglobulin kappa-chain mRNA, is associated with a poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Campaign Tumour Endocrinology Group, Medical Molecular Biology Unit, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parkes
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Collis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baildam
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ralphs
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Craig
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015342:DNA Probes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D011061:Poly A / Q000032:analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D015183:Restriction Mapping
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015342:DNA Probes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011061:Poly A