title: A morphometric analysis of the somata and organelles of regenerating hypoglossal motoneurons from the rat.
abstract: A detailed morphometric evaluation of the somata and organelles of regenerating hypoglossal motoneurons from the rat was conducted. The volume of the hypoglossal nucleus and various parameters used to appraise neuronal size were estimated from 50 microns sections. The subcellular composition of randomly selected neurons was quantified from 1 micron and ultrathin sections. The volume of neuronal nuclei, nucleoli, mitochondria and lysosomes as well as the surface area of intracellular membranes were determined. Seven to 30 days following axotomy the volume of the hypoglossal nucleus was significantly diminished, undoubtedly reflecting dendritic retraction (P less than 0.05). Concomitantly, all estimates of neuronal size indicated significant neuronal enlargement (P less than 0.05). Ultrastructural alterations were most prominent 7 days following nerve transection: nucleolar volume was significantly increased, rough endoplasmic reticulum surface area was reduced, and non-Golgi smooth membrane surface area increased (P less than 0.05). In general, other organelles resisted the influence of axotomy and all ultrastructural parameters returned to control levels 21 to 30 days following the nerve transection. Functional recovery was detected in all animals 21 and 30 days following axotomy. The measured responses of axotomized hypoglossal motoneurons are similar to those reported for retinal ganglion cells of the goldfish (Whitnall & Grafstein, 1982, 1983), suggesting common metabolic events among these distinct neuronal populations following axonal transection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Borke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007002:Hypoglossal Nerve / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D015388:Organelles / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains