title: The anesthetized ferret, an in vivo model for evaluating inotropic activity: effects of milrinone and anagrelide.
abstract: The anesthetized ferret model is introduced as an in vivo acute model for evaluating inotropic effects of new cardiovascular compounds. The effects of anagrelide and milrinone were compared to vehicle. Validation was accomplished using intravenous isoproterenol, which elicited a dose-dependent inotropic response. This suggests that the anesthetized ferret model is both reproducible and dependable. Additionally, in vivo inotropic activity can be assessed on small amounts of compound in a relatively inexpensive species.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research and Developement Division, Bristol-Myers Company, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660.
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Baryla
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Stanton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D002335:Carnivora; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005289:Ferrets; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D020105:Milrinone; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D011728:Pyridones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D011728:Pyridones; D011799:Quinazolines; D020105:Milrinone; C021139:anagrelide