title: The lip-clip: a simple, low-impedance ground electrode for use in human electrophysiology.
abstract: A simple and effective ground electrode is described for use in human electrophysiological recordings. This electrode consists of a wire clip that holds a silver disc of 1 cm diameter which is clipped to the lower lip of the subject. It is found that this simple ground electrode reduced the background noise and/or stimulus artifact at least as effectively as other conventional grounding techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Türker
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Le
mesh_terms: D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D013979:Tibial Nerve / Q000502:physiology