title: Primary process thinking, divergent thinking, and coping in children.
abstract: The relationships among primary process thinking, divergent thinking, and coping were investigated in fifth-grade children. Specifically, it was hypothesized from psychodynamic theory that access to and integration of primary process thinking would be positively related to divergent thinking and that both integration of primary process and divergent thinking would be predictive of coping ability. The Rorschach (Holt's scoring system) and Alternate Uses Test (spontaneous flexibility score) were administered to 53 fifth-grade children. Zeitlin's Coping Inventory, a teacher's rating scale, was the coping measure. Results confirmed the hypotheses for boys in that the percentage of primary process and the Adaptive Regression score on the Rorschach were significantly related to divergent thinking, r(27) = .33, p less than .05 and r(27) = .34, p less than .05, respectively. Divergent thinking was significantly related to teachers' ratings of coping ability for boys, r(27) = .58, p less than .01. There were no significant relationships among the variables for girls. These sex differences in the pattern of correlations are consistent with previous findings.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Russ
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D002648:Child; D003405:Creativity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010553:Personality Development; D011574:Psychoanalytic Theory; D012392:Rorschach Test; D013850:Thinking