Human in vivo phosphate metabolite imaging with 31P NMR.
Phosphorus (31P) spectroscopic images showing the distribution of high-energy phosphate metabolites in the human brain have been obtained at 1.5 T in scan times of 8.5 to 34 min at 27 and 64 cm3 spatial resolution using pulsed phase-encoding gradient magnetic fields and three-dimensional Fourier transform (3DFT) techniques. Data were acquired as free induction decays with a quadrature volume NMR detection coil of a truncated geometry designed to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio on the coil axis on the assumption that the sample noise represents the dominant noise source, and self-shielded magnetic field gradient coils to minimize eddy-current effects. The images permit comparison of metabolic data acquired simultaneously from different locations in the brain, as well as metabolite quantification by inclusion of a vial containing a standard of known 31P concentration in the image array. Values for the NMR visible adenosine triphosphate in three individuals were about 3 mM of tissue. The ratio of NMR detectable phosphocreatine to ATP in brain was 1.15 +/- 0.17 SD in these experiments. Potential sources of random and systematic error in these and other 31P measurements are identified.
Bottomley
P A
PA
General Electric Corporate Research & Development Center, Schenectady, New York 12301.
Charles
H C
HC
Roemer
P B
PB
Flamig
D
D
Engeseth
H
H
Edelstein
W A
WA
Mueller
O M
OM
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008433:Mathematics; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism
D010710:Phosphates; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate