title: [Non-immunologically-induced hydrops fetalis in complete atrioventricular block of the fetus. A summary of 11 prenatally diagnosed cases].
abstract: In 11 of 21 fetuses with prenatally diagnosed complete heart block, congestive heart failure with signs of non-immune hydrops fetalis was seen. In all 11 fetuses, cardiac malformations were present: complete atrioventricular canal with levocardia, situs inversus viscerum, and polysplenia: 5 cases; tricuspid atresia with situs inversus viscerum, endocardial fibroelastosis, common atrium with aortic valve atresia, hypoplastic left heart, atrial septal defect of secundum type: one case each. All these cardiac malformations can also cause intrauterine heart failure without heart block except hypoplastic left heart and atrial septal defect. A review of the literature confirms, that only the association between complete heart block and cardiac malformation--in particular AV-canal and endocardial fibroelastosis--can cause an intrauterine congestive heart failure, whereas in the case of fetal complete heart block without cardiac malformation or with prenatally hemodynamically insignificant cardiac malformations--in particular "corrected" transposition of great arteries--a congestive heart failure is rare.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für pränatale Diagnostik und Therapie, Universitäts-Frauenklinik Bonn, BRD.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gembruch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hansmann
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Redel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bald
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Knöpfle
mesh_terms: D004452:Echocardiography; D004487:Edema / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006327:Heart Block / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000151:congenital; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis
vernacular_title: Nichtimmunologisch bedingter Hydrops fetalis bei komplettem atrioventrikulären Block des Feten. Eine Zusammenstellung von elf pränatal diagnostizierten Fällen.