title: Visual acuity testing of young children with the Cambridge Crowding Cards at 3 and 6 m.
abstract: A modification of the single optotype Sheridan Gardiner test for pre-school children has been used to measure visual crowding. A significant 'crowding effect' has been found in children between the ages of 3 and 6 years with a general decrease in the effect over the pre-school years. The 'crowding' in 5-7 year olds is not significantly greater than that found in adults. No significant difference has been found in the extent of crowding using the test at 3 m rather than the normal 6 m viewing distance, although in general the test has been found to be practically easier with better co-operation at 3 m for the younger children. For these reasons, this particular test at 3 m would seem to be well suited to acuity testing in pre-school children, when an acuity equivalent to Snellen values is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pimm-Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000295:instrumentation; D014792:Visual Acuity