title: [A study of non-aromatizing androgen 19-hydroxylase in sheep adrenal].
abstract: We reported on the unusually high isotope effect of non-aromatizing androgen 19-hydroxylase in sheep and dog adrenals and the validity of the [3H] water method using [19-3H3] androgen. We have extended the study to examine whether this 19-hydroxylation is catalyzed by a cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme. Sheep adrenal homogenate (1.65 mg prot.) was incubated in the presence of NADPH (5.6mM) with [19-3H3, 4-14C]-androstenedione (A) (3.2 microM, 8.24 x 10(4) dpm 3H/micrograms, 3H/14C = 17.2) in a total of 1.2 ml PO4 buffer under air at pH 7.4 for 2, 5 and 10 min. [19-3H2, 4-14C]-19-hydroxy-A (19-OHA) with added carrier was purified through extraction, TLC, acetylation to form 19-AcOA, and further TLC to give 19-hydroxylase activity as assessed by the product isolation method. Simultaneously, the [3H] water was measured by distillation, and with correction by the apparent kinetic isotope effect (KH/KT = 11.8), used for assessment of 19-hydroxylase activity. The effects on the hydroxylation by cofactor (NADPH, NADH), incubation atmosphere (N2, CO/O2), cytochrome P-450 inhibitors (metyrapone, clotrimazole) and heating were measured by both methods. Compared to the complete system (89.6pmol/min/mg as 100%), carbon monoxide suppressed 15.8, 59.3 and 86.4% of the 19-hydroxylation when a CO/O2 ratio of 0.1, 1 and 9 was used, respectively. Replacement to nitrogen atmosphere decreased the activity by 93.8%. Replacement of NADPH with NADH (7.5mM) caused more than a 92.1% decrease in activity. Metyrapone at 50 and 200 microM and and clotrimazole at 2.5 and 10 microM suppressed the activity by 82.8, 90.4, 85.4 and 94.9%, respectively. A larger scale sheep adrenal incubation of A (250 microM) under 18O2 atmosphere and isolation of 19-AcOA were carried out in a similar manner. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the purified product showed 48.5% of the product to be 18O-labeled as [M+ + 2], m/e 346. Thus, the non-aromatizing androgen 19-hydroxylase requires NADPH and molecular oxygen. It is strongly inhibited by carbon monoxide and cytochrome P-450 inhibitors. These results indicate that the enzyme system responsible for non-aromatizing androgen 19-hydroxylase in adrenal is a cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosaki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yarborough
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osawa
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000201:enzymology*; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism*; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000032:analysis; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D000735:Androstenedione; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C011482:19-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione; D010105:Oxygenases; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; C027110:steroid 19-hydroxylase; D001141:Aromatase