title: Effects of double-enkephalin (biphalin), an enkephalin analogue, on respiration and the cough reflex in rats.
abstract: The pharmacological actions of double-enkephalin (biphalin; (HCl-Try-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH-)2) an analogue of enkephalin, on nociception, respiration and the cough reflex were compared with those of morphine in anesthetized rats. Double-enkephalin (D-Enk), injected i.p., produced significant analgesia at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg in a hot-plate test. The analgesic effect of D-Enk was antagonized by pretreatment with naloxone (5 mg/kg, i.p.). D-Enk and morphine (M) produced a dose-dependent decrease in the frequency of respiration (RF) and in the tidal volume (Vt). However, the effects of D-Enk on RF and Vt were significantly weaker than those of M. The 50% antitussive dose (AtD50) of D-Enk and M were 0.63 and 0.48 mg/kg, i.p., respectively. The antitussive effect of D-Enk was antagonized by pretreatment with naloxone (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.). These results suggest that D-Enk exerted an antitussive effect similar to that of morphine, and that the involvement of opiate receptors is associated with the antitussive effect of D-Enk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kasuya
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003371:Cough / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects*; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D004745:Enkephalins; D009020:Morphine; C053673:biphalin