title: A new device for external fixation.
abstract: Using a ball-and-socket joint model, the optimal mechanical design of a simple universal ball joint was established. The maximum resistive moment was 70-72 Nm for a tightening torque moment of 5 Nm, their ratio being 14. The corresponding ratios for the Hoffmann universal ball joint and Orthofix are 1.0-4.3 and 1.1-1.6, respectively. A complete unilateral frame consists of two ball joints and one square connecting tube. Full-frame behavior under external loads was tested in the three principal planes and in torsion. Compared with a Hoffman quadrilateral system, the new system was four times more rigid in the anteroposterior plane, similar in axial load and lateral bending, and 64 percent more rigid in torsion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hammer
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004867:Equipment Design; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D009984:Orthopedic Fixation Devices; D013314:Stress, Mechanical