title: Latent transformed growth-inhibiting factor in human malignant effusions.
abstract: An inhibitor of soft agar colony formation by a human breast carcinoma-derived cell line was found to be present in latent form in the majority of cytology-positive human malignant effusions. Prior to dialysis, addition of human malignant effusions resulted in less than 10% alteration in efficiency of colony formation by the BT-20 human breast carcinoma cell line (mean efficiency 1 colony/4.3 cells plated at 14 days; mean colony diameter greater than 0.8 mm). After dialysis (membrane cutoff of 3500 molecular weight), 58 of 70 malignant effusions from patients with a variety of epithelial cell carcinomas resulted in 71% mean inhibition of colony formation (range 19.1-98% inhibition). Similar inhibition of anchorage-independent growth was observed for a human colon cancer-derived cell line (HCT-15) but not for polyoma and murine sarcoma virus-transformed rodent fibroblast lines. The malignant effusion-related transformed cell growth-inhibiting factor (TGIF) was sensitive to heat, sulfhydryl reduction, and protease treatment. TGIF-containing effusion resulted in parallel inhibition of thymidine incorporation in sensitive cell types in vitro. TGIF was precipitable in 28-34% ammonium sulfate with reconstitution of activity after resolubilization. TGIF was partially purified by chromatography on Biogel A-0.5 and Biogel P-100 which yielded two peaks of inhibitory activity. The predominant species had an approximate molecular weight of 110,000 and could be recovered as a single species from DEAE-cellulose at relatively high salt concentrations (0.4 M NaCl). A smaller amount of inhibitory activity was recovered from Biogel P-100 or Biogel P-60 with an apparent molecular weight of 55,000. The higher molecular-weight TGIF which appears to be a dimer of the Mr 55,000 protein is distinguishable from previously described growth-promoting and -inhibiting factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Podolsky
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Pleskow
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jafari
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000032:analysis*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000032:analysis* / Q000473:pathology; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D010455:Peptides; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors