title: System for studying multiple concurrent stressors in chicks.
abstract: A chick caging system was designed to impose 2(6) p64) factorial combinations of six stressors concurrently by means consistent with the guidelines devised by the Consortium for the Development of a Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching (1988). The system was tested to study the consistency of the effects of the stressors on health, behavior, and performance. Aerial ammonia, beak-trimming, coccidiosis, intermittent electric shock, environmental heat, and loud noise were employed with methods or at intensities determined to depress chick rate of gain. The system repeatedly imposed the same degree of stress from respective stressors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McFarlane
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*