title: Advantages of a standard method for research on reproductive effects of occupation.
abstract: A recent review of the literature identified several common methodological weaknesses in studies of the effects of occupational exposures on male and female reproductive processes. This paper suggests a strategy which addresses these problems, by the use of a standard method. The potential benefits include increased measurement reliability and statistical power, together with a systematic study of expected (background) rates, confounding effects, types of exposure and selection effects. Particular advantages are the avoidance of designating a group as non-exposed with attendant problems of bias, and in the longer term the study of multiple or rare exposures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joffe
mesh_terms: D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D009790:Occupations; D012098:Reproduction; D012107:Research Design; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires