Risk factors for type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Thirteen and one-half years of follow-up of the participants in a study of Swedish men born in 1913.
This report presents data on antecedents of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in a homogeneous sample of randomly selected 54-year-old men from an urban Swedish population with a diabetes incidence of 6.1% during 13.5 years of follow-up. The increased risk leading to diabetes for those in the top quintile compared to the lowest quintile of the distribution of statistically significant risk factors were: body mass index = 21.7, triglycerides = 13.5, waist-to-hip circumference ratio = 9.6, diastolic blood pressure = 6.7, uric acid = 5.8, glutamic pyruvic transaminase = 3.9, bilirubin = 3.2, blood glucose = 2.7, lactate = 2.4 and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase = 2.0. Those with a positive family history of diabetes had 2.4-fold higher risk for developing diabetes than those without such a history. In a multivariate analysis glutamic pyruvic transaminase, blood glucose, body mass index, bilirubin, systolic blood pressure, uric acid and a family history of diabetes were all significantly associated with the development of diabetes. Our study demonstrates the great importance of adiposity and body fat distribution for the risk of diabetes. A number of established risk factors for coronary heart disease are risk factors for diabetes as well. Disturbed liver function and increased levels of lactate are early risk factors for diabetes - presumably indicators of the presence of impaired glucose tolerance and/or hyperinsulinaemia.
Ohlson
L O
LO
Gothenburg University, Section for Preventive Medicine, Sweden.
Larsson
B
B
Björntorp
P
P
Eriksson
H
H
Svärdsudd
K
K
Welin
L
L
Tibblin
G
G
Wilhelmsen
L
L
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000886:Anthropometry; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D013548:Sweden
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007773:Lactates; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase