title: Action of diisopropylfluorophosphate and of diacetylmonoxime on acetylcholine levels and on cholinesterase activity in the central nervous system.
abstract: The modification of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and of the acetylcholine (ACh) levels caused by diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) alone and in association with 300 mg/kg of diacetylmonoxime (DAM) have been studied in the olfactory brain, in the cortex and in the medulla-pons of the rat. DFP caused a reduction of the levels of ACh at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg. An increase of the levels of ACh was observed at 4.0 mg/kg of DFP only in the olfactory brain and in the cortex. A dose-dependent reduction of the AChE activity was observed after DFP. DAM reactivated the AChE activity to the levels of the controls after 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg of DFP. In this experimental situation, the ACh levels returned to the control levels after 0.25 mg/kg of DFP and, in the medulla-pons, also after 0.5 mg/kg of DFP. DAM caused a partial recovery of the AChE activity but no modification of the ACh levels at 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg of DFP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy School, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Molinengo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orsetti
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002074:Butanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003931:Diacetyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007531:Isoflurophate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D011149:Pons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D002074:Butanones; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D007531:Isoflurophate; C004717:diacetylmonoxime; D002802:Cholinesterases; D003931:Diacetyl; D000109:Acetylcholine