title: Tolerance to tobacco smoke- and nicotine-induced analgesia in rats.
abstract: Acute exposure of male Sprague-Dawley rats to either nicotine or tobacco smoke results in analgesia as measured by tail-flick latencies. A second treatment, 24 hr after the first, failed to produce analgesia, thereby demonstrating the rapid development of tolerance. The restraint which was a necessary part of the tobacco smoke exposure also produced analgesia, although of a more transient nature and lesser magnitude than that resulting from tobacco smoke exposure. Tolerance also developed to restraint stress-induced analgesia. The long-term (43 weeks) daily exposure of rats to tobacco smoke or restraint stress resulted in the development of cross-tolerance, suggesting that these two procedures share, at least in part, a common mechanism. Additionally, long-term tobacco smoke exposure resulted in an increased tail-flick latency when the animals had been withdrawn from tobacco smoke for 24 hr, suggesting the development of tolerance. The data also suggest a differential time course for the development of tolerance and dependence. This is the first report that addresses the effect of acute and chronic tobacco smoke exposure on pain sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: VA Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40511.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Aloyo
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Van Loon
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D000818:Animals; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012906:Smoke; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke; D009538:Nicotine