title: Immunosuppressive medication associated with leishmanial antibodies in adults residing in an endemic focus of infantile visceral leishmaniasis--a case/control study.
abstract: In a focus of infantile visceral leishmaniasis in Al Agamy (Alexandria), Egypt, adults were found by radioimmune assay to have leishmanial antibodies. This finding was unexpected, and an explanation was sought. Seropositive adults and age- and sex-matched seronegative controls were interviewed to ascertain possible predisposing risk factors. Ten of 16 seropositive individuals were taking corticosteroids compared to one of 22 seronegative individuals (P = 0.0002). Two seropositive individuals (one woman and one man) were taking phenylbutazone, and two women were taking female sex hormones. The association between immunosuppressive medication and leishmanial seropositivity suggests that acquired changes in host population immunocompetence may significantly alter age-specific seroprevalence of leishmanial antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biometry Section, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Feinsod
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Saah
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Faris
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: el Said
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Londner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis*; D004534:Egypt; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007891:Leishmania / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents