title: Endometrial carcinoma following chronic anovulation in a premenopausal woman with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: Endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed in a premenopausal woman suffering with systemic lupus erythematosus. She had received both prednisolone and an immunosuppressive agent for more than 10 years. Anovulatory cycles persisted during drug administration, along with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. The serum estrogen: progesterone ratio was high. Repeated endometrial biopsies revealed a progression of change from benign proliferation to cystic hyperplasia, adenomatous hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and invasive adenocarcinoma. These clinical data suggest that a result of long-term unopposed endogenous estrogen can have been the cause of the endometrial carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekiya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takamizawa
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000858:Anovulation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011239:Prednisolone; D001379:Azathioprine