title: Cyclosporin A inhibits initiation but not progression of human T cell proliferation triggered by phorbol esters and calcium ionophores.
abstract: Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a potent inhibitor of T lymphocyte proliferation induced by Ag and mitogens. In an attempt to further delineate the mechanism of action of CsA, we have examined its effects on T cell proliferation induced by the combination of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB), and the calcium ionophore, ionomycin. T cells were rendered competent as the result of a 30-min initial incubation with both drugs, after which the drugs were washed out. Competence is defined as the ability to subsequently proliferate in response to exogenously added IL-2 or PDB in the second phase of the culture, but not to synthesize IL-2 or proliferate without these additions. Addition of CsA (1 microgram/ml) to the cells in the initial, competence-inducing 30-min incubation with PDB/ionomycin abrogated their subsequent response to IL-2 or PDB. In contrast, addition of CsA to cells after they had been treated for 30 min with PDB/ionomycin and then washed did not affect their responses to subsequent addition of either IL-2 or PDB. Treatment with CsA during induction of competence prevented the expression of the 55-kDa IL-2R gene during competence induction and inhibited IL-2 gene expression and IL-2 production in response to PDB in the second phase. These results indicate that the effects of CsA are limited to the initiation (competence induction) period of T cell activation, that CsA apparently affects expression of more than one gene, and in competent cells, CsA does not affect their ability to progress to DNA synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center, Denver, CO 80206.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Benedict
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Gelfand
mesh_terms: D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004987:Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015759:Ionomycin; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004987:Ethers; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007476:Ionophores; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D015759:Ionomycin