title: The expression and modulation of IL-1 alpha in murine keratinocytes.
abstract: Murine and human keratinocytes produce an IL-1-like factor that appears to be similar if not identical to monocyte-derived IL-1. IL-1 may be an important mediator in cutaneous inflammatory responses, however, little is currently known concerning factors that may modulate IL-1 expression in keratinocytes. To address this issue we examined the effect of LPS, UV, and the cell differentiation state on murine keratinocyte IL-1 mRNA expression. Our results indicated that as with the murine P388D1 monocyte cell line, PAM 212 keratinocytes constitutively express abundant amounts of IL-1 alpha mRNA. On exposure to LPS (100 micrograms/ml) for 8 h there was more than 10 times the increase in PAM 212 IL-1 alpha mRNA which was accompanied by a sixfold increase in supernatant IL-1 activity. Similarly UV irradiation had a significant effect on keratinocyte IL-1 alpha expression. High dose UV (300 mJ/cm2) inhibited PAM 212 IL-1 alpha expression at 4, 8, 24, 48 h post-UV whereas a lower dose of UV (100 mJ/cm2) inhibited UV at 4 and 8 h post-UV, but induced IL-1 expression at 24 and 48 h post-UV. The expression of IL-1 alpha varied with the differentiation state of the keratinocytes. Freshly removed newborn murine keratinocytes were found to constitutively express IL-1 alpha mRNA. Keratinocytes grown in low [Ca2+] tissue culture media (0.05 mM) for 6 days, functionally and phenotypically become undifferentiated and express increased quantities of IL-1 alpha mRNA, whereas cells grown in high [Ca2+] media (1.2 mM) for 6 days become terminally differentiated and IL-1 expression ceased. Keratinocytes cultured for 3 days in low [Ca2+] conditions expressed an intermediate level of IL-1 alpha. In contrast, little or no IL-1 beta mRNA was detected in either the PAM 212 cells or newborn murine keratinocytes. Thus LPS, UV, and cell differentiation state have a significant effect on expression of IL-1 alpha in murine keratinocytes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ansel
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Luger
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lowry
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Roop
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mountz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002460:Cell Line; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger