title: Blood pressure and excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in 8- and 9-year old boys from 19 European centres.
abstract: We have measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure and excretions of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in groups of about 50 8- and 9-year-old boys from 19 European centres using standardized methods for the measurement of blood pressure and collection of urine, and by carrying out all analyses in one laboratory. Weight, height, pulse rate and environmental temperature were also studied. Mean systolic blood pressure ranged from 91 to 105 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure from 51 to 66 mm Hg. Mean 24-h excretion of sodium was between 91 and 146 mmol/d, that of potassium between 29 and 60 mmol/d, that of calcium between 1.5 and 2.6 mmol/d and that of magnesium between 2.7 and 4.2 mmol/d. Mean sodium excretion tended to be lower and potassium excretion tended to be higher in the boys from the north-western parts of Europe. Relations between either systolic or diastolic blood pressure and electrolyte excretions were generally weak or absent. Most remarkable is that only the association between mean diastolic blood pressure and 24-h magnesium excretion (partial regression coefficient (b +/- s.e., -5.04 +/- 2.08 mm Hg/mmol/d) was statistically significant after adjusting for differences in creatinine excretion and environmental temperature. Mean systolic blood pressure was not significantly related with any of the variables measured. The partial regression coefficient (b +/- s.e.) for diastolic blood pressure on weight was 0.186 +/- 0.062 mm Hg/kg, on height 0.165 +/- 0.056 mm Hg/cm, on pulse rate 0.364 +/- 0.100 mm Hg/beats per min and on outside temperature -0.25 +/- 0.07 mm Hg/degrees C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Knuiman
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hautvast
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Zwiauer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Widhalm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desmet
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Backer
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Rahneva
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Petrova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viikari
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D002118:Calcium / Q000652:urine*; D002648:Child; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008274:Magnesium / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine*; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium