title: Monoclonal anti-idiotopic antibodies against myasthenia-inducing anti-acetylcholine receptor monoclonal antibodies. Preponderance of nonparatope-directed antibodies affecting antigen binding.
abstract: To analyze components of the idiotypic network in experimental autoimmune disease, we produced 17 isogeneic anti-idiotopic monoclonal antibodies (anti-Id) against two experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis-producing anti-acetylcholine receptor (anti-AChR) monoclonal antibodies. We studied the binding of five of the anti-Id to the anti-AChR monoclonal antibodies bearing the complementary idiotopes (Id-mAb). They bound with Kd values ranging from 0.06 to 0.86 nM, values comparable to those of Id-mAb:AChR complexes (0.26 and 0.34 nM). All of the anti-Id tested moderately inhibited the binding of AChR to Id-mAb, whereas for each anti-Id, AChR either strongly inhibited anti-Id binding or had no effect on anti-Id binding. Hence, the inhibition of Id-mAb:AChR binding by anti-Id was not reciprocal with the inhibition of anti-Id:Id-mAb binding by AChR. For each anti-Id, the relative affinities of anti-Id and AChR for Id-mAb together with the lack of symmetry of inhibition by anti-Id compared to inhibition by AChR indicate that these two "ligands" are not competitive inhibitors. Consequently, anti-Id and AChR do not bind to overlapping sites on the Id-mAb, suggesting that the observed inhibition is mediated allosterically. This may be a common mechanism of anti-Id:Id binding, which would have important implications for the mechanism of anti-Id-induced suppression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Agius
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Geannopoulos
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Fairclough
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Richman
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000818:Animals; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes / Q000276:immunology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic