title: Synergism among interleukin 1, interleukin 3, and interleukin 5 in the production of eosinophils from primitive hemopoietic stem cells.
abstract: The in vitro production of eosinophils from committed progenitor cells is influenced by interleukin (IL)-5 (eosinophil differentiation factor) and to a lesser extent by IL-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In primary suspension cultures of marrow cells taken from eosinophilic mice, IL-3 induced a modest stimulation of eosinophil production compared to IL-5. In contrast, IL-3 was sevenfold more effective than IL-5 in generating eosinophil progenitors (eosinophil colony-forming units (CFU-eo] from more primitive precursors present in the marrow of normal mice. Pre-incubation of marrow cells in suspension culture with IL-3, but not IL-5, increased the recovery of myeloid precursors responsive to G-CSF, GM-CSF, CSF-1, or IL-3 two- to fourfold while eosinophil progenitor cells responsive to IL-5 were increased by more than 70-fold. Similarly, pre-incubation of bone marrow cells under clonal conditions with IL-3, but not IL-5, resulted in a more than 50 fold increase in CFU-eo responsive to IL-5 over input values. Bone marrow from mice pre-treated with 5-fluorouracil is greatly depleted of progenitor cells directly responsive to IL-3 or IL-5. IL-1 which synergistically interacts with various CSF species to confer a clonogenic response by primitive stem cells present in 5-fluorouracil-treated marrow also failed to stimulate eosinophil production. A marked synergism was observed when IL-1 and IL-3 were combined in the suspension pre-culture phase with a more than sixfold recovery of CFU-eo than induced by either factor alone. Furthermore, pre-culture of 5-fluorouracil-treated marrow cells with a combination of IL-1 and IL-3 resulted in a more than 260-fold increase of CFU-eo over input numbers. These data suggest that the concatenate action of IL-1, IL-3, and IL-5 is an absolute requirement for the in vitro generation of eosinophils from primitive hemopoietic stem cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Hematopoiesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002590:Cestode Infections / Q000276:immunology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology*; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000502:physiology*; D015848:Interleukin-5; D007378:Interleukins / Q000502:physiology*; D008645:Mesocestoides / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D007377:Interleukin-3; D015848:Interleukin-5; D007378:Interleukins