title: Nonnarcotic drug use over an addiction career--a study of heroin addicts in Baltimore and New York City.
abstract: Detailed interview data from 250 male narcotic addicts attending methadone maintenance treatment centers in Baltimore and New York City were used to confirm and extend previous findings regarding the frequency of nonnarcotic drug abuse among relevant addict subgroups. Consistent with earlier results, abuse of nonnarcotic drugs in general, and particularly cocaine, was higher during periods of addiction than during periods of nonaddiction. Overall, marijuana and cocaine were the two main drugs of abuse, but variations were present according to addiction status period, city, and ethnic group membership. Relationships between cocaine use and specific types of criminal activity were also examined. It was found that there were high associations between cocaine use and several different kinds of crime.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Nurco
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kinlock
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Hanlon
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ball
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003042:Cocaine; D003415:Crime; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland; D009519:New York City; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D003042:Cocaine