title: Creation of four consecutive instantaneous steady-state plasma concentration plateaus of theophylline and enprofylline by repeated infusions with exponentially decreasing delivery rates.
abstract: Repeated exponentially decreasing infusions have been used to administer theophylline and enprofylline to show whether it would be feasible to create consecutive plasma concentration plateaus within a few hours. The infusions were carried out on two separate days in 8 stable asthmatics. Before the infusion experiments, the pharmacokinetics of the substances in the individual subjects were determined on a separate day. Plasma concentration rose to the desired level within 5 min after the start of the infusion at each dose level and a stable plasma concentration plateau was maintained during the following 90 min of the infusion. It was possible to achieve 4 subsequent concentration plateaus within a 6 h period. Use of this infusion method resulted in predictable plasma concentrations at all levels and so the method appears safe when the required plasma concentrations are below the toxic level. Apart from clinical situations where effective dosages of drugs must be administered rapidly, the method showed be useful in pharmacological dose-response studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, State University Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Borgström
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Koëter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laseur
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jonkman
authors.forename: O E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: de Noord
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000379:methods; D013806:Theophylline / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014970:Xanthines / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D014970:Xanthines; D013806:Theophylline; C034347:enprofylline