title: Length-force characteristics of aponeurosis in passive muscle and during isometric and slow dynamic contractions of rat gastrocnemius muscle.
abstract: Length-force characteristics of aponeurosis of rat gastrocnemius medialis muscle and achilles tendon were studied for passive and active muscle. Active muscle performed isometric as well as slow concentric and eccentric contractions at low velocity. For isometric conditions, different aponeurosis and tendon length-force characteristics were found between passive and active muscle: At comparable low levels of force longer aponeuroses were encountered in passive than in active muscle. Similar results were found for achilles tendon, but the magnitude of the length change involved was smaller than for aponeurosis. For active muscle, no differences of aponeurosis length- force characteristics could be distinguished between the isometric contractions and a slow concentric contraction. Indications that such differences of aponeurosis length-force characteristics may exist between slow concentric and eccentric contractions were found. It is concluded that, for gastrocnemius medialis muscle, aponeurosis and tendon length - force characteristics may be quite variable depending on recent history of muscle length and activity.
authors.affiliation: Dept. Functional Anatomy, Free University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Huijing
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ettema
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D007717:Knee; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013710:Tendons / Q000502:physiology*