title: A muscle-specific enhancer is located at the 3' end of the myosin light-chain 1/3 gene locus.
abstract: Two skeletal myosin light chains, MLC1 and MLC3, are generated from a single gene by transcription from two different promoters and alternate splicing of the pre-mRNAs. To define DNA sequences involved in MLC transcriptional control, we constructed a series of plasmid vectors in which segments of the rat MLC locus were linked to a CAT gene and assayed for expression in muscle and nonmuscle cells. Whereas sequences proximal to the two MLC promoters do not appear to contain tissue-specific regulatory elements, a 0.9-kb DNA segment, located greater than 24 kb downstream of the MLC1 promoter, dramatically increases CAT gene expression in differentiated myotubes but not in undifferentiated myoblasts or nonmuscle cells. The ability of this segment to activate gene expression to high levels, in a distance-, promoter-, position-, and orientation-independent way, defines it as a strong muscle-specific enhancer element.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donoghue
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wentworth
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nadal-Ginard
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005796:Genes; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology*; D015879:Myosin Subfragments; D009218:Myosins / Q000235:genetics*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D012260:Ribonucleases; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D015879:Myosin Subfragments; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D005914:Globins; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D012260:Ribonucleases; D009218:Myosins