title: Monoclonal antibodies directed to the blood group A associated structure, galactosyl-A: specificity and relation to the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen.
abstract: Two monoclonal antibodies, HH8 and HH9, have been established after immunization of mice with galactosyl-A glycolipid antigen having the terminal structure, Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----3[Fuc alpha 1----2]Gal beta 1----R, which is the precursor for type 3 chain A (repetitive A) and type 3 chain H (A-associated H). Both antibodies react strongly and specifically with galactosyl-A, but HH8 (IgM) showed strong hemagglutination of blood group A1, A2, O and B erythrocytes after sialidase treatment, while HH9 (IgG1) did not react with human erythrocytes even after sialidase treatment. HH8 and anti-T antibody, but not HH9, reacted with glycophorin A after sialidase treatment. The reactivity of HH8 with glycophorin A was abolished by beta-galactosidase and was inhibited by liposomes containing galactosyl-A, but not other glycolipids. In addition, anti-T antibody and peanut lectin reacted specifically with galactosyl-A glycolipids. These findings indicate that HH8 recognizes the terminal disaccharide Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----R, which is the same sequence as the classically known Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-antigen), whereas HH9 does not cross-react with T-antigen but recognizes the entire galactosyl-A structure. The T-antigen was also demonstrated by immunohistology with HH8 after neuraminidase treatment in a subset of cells in stratified epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Biomembrane Institute, University of Washington, Seattle 98119.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stroud
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Springer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakomori
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D004187:Disaccharides; C016467:Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen