title: Plasmodium falciparum: ingested anti-sporozoite antibodies affect sporogony in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes.
abstract: In endemic areas, malaria-infected mosquitoes may feed upon humans who possess antibodies against malaria sporozoites. Therefore, we examined the effect that ingested anti-sporozoite antibodies have upon Plasmodium falciparum sporogony within Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. Anti-sporozoite antibodies (IgG) traversed the midgut into the hemocoel within 3 hr following ingestion and, depending upon the titer, persisted for 6-24 hr. When fed to infected A. stephensi at 12 days postinfection (p.i.), anti-sporozoite antibodies bound to sporozoites in the hemocoel, but not to sporozoites residing in the salivary glands of the same mosquitoes. Anti-sporozoite antibodies also bound to developing oocysts when fed to infected A. stephensi at 5 days p.i. Oocysts in mosquitoes that had been fed anti-sporozoite antibodies on Day 5 p.i. produced significantly more sporozoites than did oocysts in nonimmune-fed (Day 5 p.i.) mosquitoes. In addition, the sporozoites from Day 5 immune-fed mosquitoes were significantly more infective to cultured human hepatoma cells than were sporozoites from nonimmune-fed controls. Use of hetereologous immune feedings at Day 5 p.i. did not result in an enhanced production of sporozoites, suggesting that enhancement is related to the specificity of the antibody and is not merely a nutritional effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Do Rosario
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leland
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adjepong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Light
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Woollett
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hollingdale
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Azad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology*; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007106:Immune Sera; D007074:Immunoglobulin G