title: Sodium and blood pressure: positive associations in a north London population with consideration of the methodological problems of within-population surveys.
abstract: Blood pressure (BP) and 24-hr urinary sodium (Na) and potassium (K) excretion were measured in 58 men and women aged 40 and above who were selected randomly from the age-sex register of a general practice in North London. All 58 urine collections were reported as complete, but only 28/56 (50%) were classified as 'complete' by the excretion of a biological marker, p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Reliability of Na excretion estimated from repeated urine collections was 0.86, indicating that variability of Na excretion within individuals in this middle-aged and elderly population was low. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly related to 24-hr Na excretion and to 24-hr Na/creatinine ratio. After adjustment for age, sex and body mass index, a SBP-Na regression coefficient of 0.091 mmHg/mmol Na (P = 0.02) was observed. On simple regression analysis, a significant association was also found between diastolic blood pressure and Na (P = 0.04). In the sub-group classified as 'complete' collectors by PABA excretion, BP-Na regression coefficients were larger than in analyses of the sample as a whole. BP was not significantly related to K or Na/K.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, London School of Hygeine and Tropical Medicine, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Forrest
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yudkin
mesh_terms: D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium; D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid