title: Does prophylactic intravenous infusion of indomethacin improve the management of postoperative pain in children?
abstract: The efficacy of prophylactic intravenous infusion of indomethacin as a postoperative analgesic was studied in 100 children aged one to 16 years. At the end of surgery a bolus dose of indomethacin 0.35 mg.kg-1 followed by an infusion 0.07 mg.kg-1.hr-1 for 24 hr or placebo was given in double-blind manner. The efficacy of the treatment was measured by the need of additional morphine given 0.1 mg.kg-1 intravenously in the Recovery Room and 0.15 mg.kg-1 intramuscularly on the ward according to clinical needs. The other measure of the efficacy was assessment of pain intensity in the Recovery Room and pain relief on the ward. In the Recovery Room the pain scores differed between the groups in advantage of indomethacin only at 30 minutes (p less than 0.05) but the need of morphine was significantly less (p less than 0.01) in the indomethacin group. On the ward the mean doses of morphine given and the nurses' pain relief scores were not different between the study groups. However, in the indomethacin group the total dose of morphine given during 24 hr was lower (p = 0.02) and the children assessed the pain relief to be significantly better (p less than 0.02). Twenty per cent of the children in both groups had transient nausea and vomiting. No skin reactions or other allergic manifestations were observed. Prophylactic indomethacin infusion diminished the need of morphine and resulted in better postoperative analgesia than morphine p.r.n. alone.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, Helsinski, Finland.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Maunuksela
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Olkkola
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Korpela
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D007213:Indomethacin