On the mutagenic and recombinogenic activity of certain herbicides in Salmonella typhimurium and in Aspergillus nidulans.
The plant growth-regulating hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), both strong recombinogens in Aspergillus nidulans, were tested in Salmonella typhimurium strains for his revertants at a range of concentrations from 1 to 2000 micrograms/plate with and without metabolic activation and were found negative. Also 3 herbicides of the chlorophenoxy group, 2,4-(dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4-(dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), which show a plant growth hormone-like activity, and 2 of the triazine group, 2-ethylamino-4-chloro-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (atrazine) and 2,4-bis(isopropylamino)6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine (propazine) were tested in S. typhimurium for point mutations and in A. nidulans for mitotic recombination. 2,4-D and MCPA were found to be weakly mutagenic at concentrations between 250 and 750 micrograms/plate in strain TA97a and only after metabolic activation and were recombinogens by inducing mainly mitotic crossing-over in A. nidulans at concentrations of 4-48 microM and 1500-3000 microM, respectively. 2,4-DB, atrazine and propazine were negative in both the Ames and the Aspergillus tests.
Kappas
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Institute of Biology, National Research Center Democritus, Athens, Greece.
D000818:Animals; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000187:drug effects; D001711:Biotransformation; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009153:Mutagens; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D006540:Herbicides; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D007211:Indoles; D009153:Mutagens; C014612:indolebutyric acid; C030737:indoleacetic acid