title: Piroxicam in acute musculoskeletal disorders and sports injuries.
abstract: Approximately 20 percent of athletes have an acute or chronic injury related to their sport. In acute musculoskeletal disorders, inflammation is an important component of the symptomatology. Recent clinical studies are showing that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can significantly reduce inflammation and help speed return to full function. In an international study, the efficacy and toleration of piroxicam were compared with that of indomethacin, naproxen, and aspirin in three multicenter, double-blind, parallel studies involving a total of 1,290 patients with acute sprains and tendinitis. The centers compared piroxicam 40 mg once daily for the first two days followed by 20 mg once daily for the remainder of the studies. This regimen was compared with either indomethacin, 50 mg three times per day for two days and 25 mg three times per day for the remainder of the treatment period; naproxen 500 mg twice daily for two days followed by 250 mg in the morning and 500 mg in the evening thereafter; or aspirin 4 g per day for the duration of the study. Treatment normally lasted 14 days; the minimal duration was seven days, with a maximum of 28 days. Overall assessment of efficacy was excellent or good in more than 80 percent of patients. Statistical differences were seen favoring piroxicam over aspirin (p less than 0.05) regarding reduction in tenderness and resumption of daily activities within 16 days (p less than 0.02). The study comparing piroxicam and naproxen showed a statistically significant difference in favor of piroxicam (p less than 0.025). There was no difference between piroxicam and indomethacin in the number of patients who were able to accomplish normal daily activity within 16 days. Furthermore, although efficacy was comparable among the NSAIDs, piroxicam was significantly better-tolerated than either naproxen or indomethacin. Piroxicam was also better-tolerated than aspirin, but a statistical difference was not reached.
authors.affiliation: Sports Federation of The Netherlands, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Heere
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D010894:Piroxicam; D009288:Naproxen; D001241:Aspirin; D007213:Indomethacin