Assessment of the potential germ cell mutagenicity of industrial and plant protection chemicals as part of an integrated study of genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.
An approach is described that enables the germ cell mutagenicity of chemicals to be assessed as part of an integrated assessment of genotoxic potential. It is recommended, first, that the genotoxicity of a chemical be defined by appropriate studies in vitro. This should involve use of the Salmonella mutation assay and an assay for the induction of chromosomal aberrations, but supplementary assays may be indicated in specific instances. If negative results are obtained from these 2 tests there is no need for the conduct of additional tests. Agents considered to be genotoxic in vitro should then be assessed for genotoxicity to rodents. This will usually involve the conduct of a bone marrow cytogenetic assay, and in the case of negative results, a genotoxicity test in an independent tissue. Agents found to be non-genotoxic in vivo are regarded as having no potential for germ cell mutagenicity. Agents found to be genotoxic in vivo may either be assumed to have potential as germ cell mutagens, or their status in this respect may be defined by appropriate germ cell mutagenicity studies. The basis of the approach, which is supported by the available experimental data, is that germ cell mutagens will be evident as somatic cell genotoxins in vivo, and that these will be detected as genotoxins in vitro given appropriate experimentation. The conduct of appropriate and adequate studies is suggested to be of more value than the conduct of a rigid set of prescribed tests.
Arni
P
P
European Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre (ECETOC), Brussels, Belgium.
Ashby
J
J
Castellino
S
S
Engelhardt
G
G
Herbold
B A
BA
Priston
R A
RA
Bontinck
W J
WJ
D000818:Animals; D002617:Chemical Industry; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010575:Pesticides; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
D009153:Mutagens; D010575:Pesticides