title: Motion artifacts in brain and spine MR.
abstract: As a result of the effects of cerebrospinal fluid and blood motion, motion artifacts are common in brain and spine MR imaging. These artifacts, which are most common on T2-weighted spin-echo sequences, show up as streaking and ghosting in the phase-encoding (PE) direction (PE artifacts) and as loss of signal from flowing material (flow void). A review of the physical and physiologic causes of these artifacts and a review and explanation of several techniques that are useful in reducing or eliminating them are presented in this article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hinks
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Quencer
mesh_terms: D001775:Blood Circulation; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009038:Motion; D010991:Plethysmography; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*