title: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates the expression of a lymphokine (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) posttranscriptionally.
abstract: We recently showed that 1,25(OH)2D3 sensitively inhibited the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in normal human mitogen-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes and in the human T lymphotropic virus I immortalized T cell line known as S-LB1 at the levels of both mRNA and protein. Using S-LB1 cells as a model system the present paper identifies at least in part the mechanisms by which 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates the expression of GM-CSF. Time-course studies demonstrated that by 6 and 48 h of exposure of S-LB1 cells to 1,25(OH)2D3 (10(-8) M) the GM-CSF mRNA levels were reduced by 50 and 90%, respectively. Studies using cycloheximide as a protein synthesis inhibitor showed that the inhibitory action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on GM-CSF expression was dependent on new protein synthesis. In vitro nuclear run-on assays demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3 (10(-8) M) did not change the rate of transcription of the GM-CSF gene. The t1/2 of GM-CSF mRNA, however, was profoundly reduced by 1,25(OH)2D3 when transcription was blocked by actinomycin D compared with the half-life of GM-CSF in the presence of actinomycin D alone (t1/2, less than 0.5 and 4 h, respectively). Taken together, these results demonstrate that 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates expression of the lymphokine GM-CSF posttranscriptionally by influencing the stability of GM-CSF mRNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tobler
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Norman
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Koeffler
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003720:Densitometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D006133:Growth Substances; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003609:Dactinomycin; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003513:Cycloheximide; D002117:Calcitriol