title: Outward transcutaneous chemical migration: implications for diagnostics and dosimetry.
abstract: Chemical substances migrate outwards from within the body to the skin surface by diffusion from cutaneous capillaries across the epidermis. Heretofore, study of transepidermal chemical emissions have been restricted to substances which are in the vapor phase at skin surface temperature. We have investigated outward transcutaneous chemical migration of nongaseous chemicals by devising an occlusive transcutaneous chemical collection system, consisting of a tape-encased plug of gelled saline in which activated carbon is dispersed. Investigations of nine chemicals in 'fuzzy' rats, rhesus monkeys, and man provide data which are consistent with a general theory of outward transcutaneous chemical migration. This noninvasive continuous transcutaneous sampling technique provides a new method for investigating skin permeability in vivo and may provide a basis for convenient diagnosis and monitoring of chemical exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Peck
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Conner
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bolden
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Almirez
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Mell
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ezra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004058:Diffusion; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051381:Rats; D012867:Skin / Q000032:analysis; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013806:Theophylline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014970:Xanthines / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D014970:Xanthines; D013806:Theophylline