Quantitative importance of dietary constituents other than glucose as insulin secretagogues in type II diabetes.
In seven type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients, given either 50 g glucose or a mixed meal potentially containing 61 g glucose as starch and sucrose, the postmeal plasma glucose area integrated over 4 h was less after the mixed meal. The insulin area was considerably greater (2.1-fold). The greater increase in insulin could be explained largely, but not entirely, by the protein and fructose in the mixed meal (85%) which, in addition to glucose, are known insulin secretagogues. The residual unexplained increase may be due to a synergistic interaction of these secretagogues, an unidentified insulin secretagogue, or by a reduced insulin removal rate. These possibilities remain to be explored.
Nuttall
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FQ
Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, MN 55417.
Gannon
M C
MC
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose