Immunohistochemical demonstration of migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in experimental allergic contact dermatitis.
The kinetics of appearance of MIF+ cells was investigated in experimental contact dermatitis using a monoclonal antibody (7D10) against murine MIF which was reacted with cryostat sections of tissues and detected by the indirect immunoperoxidase test. Four groups of BALB/c mice were investigated: (1) sensitized with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB); (2) unsensitized controls; (3) tolerized; (4) unsensitized. A challenge dose of DNFB was applied to the ear of animals of groups 1-3 and of croton oil to those of group 4. Three phases could be distinguished in group 1: (a) an initial vascular and exudative reaction; (b) an early cellular phase; and (c) a late cellular phase. At zero time rarely any T lymphocytes (Lyt 1+; Lyt 2+) were seen in all four groups. Within less than 30 min venous endothelial cells became strongly MIF+. This was followed by an influx of monocytes/macrophages reaching a maximum of 72 h in group 1 and a slight peak at 12 h in groups 2 and 3. At 16-24 h in all groups the endothelial reaction weakened while many 7D10+ macrophages appeared in group 1. By double-labelling it was shown that lymphocytes were 7D10-. The influx of lymphocytes, part of which carried the T cell receptor, began at 12 h, reaching a maximum at 72 h in group 1. In groups 2 and 3 only a weak lymphocytic infiltrate developed which declined at 24 h. Group 4 developed an inflammatory reaction after the initial phase with similar kinetics as in group 1. The data suggest that an immune inflammatory reaction is preceded by a nonspecific reaction of the vascular endothelium and the mononuclear phagocytic system and that MIF is playing a central role in these events.
Malorny
U
U
Department of Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, FRG.
Knop
J
J
Burmeister
G
G
Sorg
C
C
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene / Q000276:immunology; D004140:Dinitrophenols / Q000032:analysis; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004140:Dinitrophenols; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene