title: Comparison of midazolam and diazepam for sedation during plastic surgery.
abstract: A randomized double-blind study was designed to compare midazolam, a rapid-acting water-soluble benzodiazepine, with diazepam for sedation when administered as an adjuvant to ketamine during local anesthesia. In the preliminary dose-ranging study, midazolam (0.05 to 0.15 mg/kg IV) was found to produce a spectrum of central nervous system activity (e.g., sedation, amnesia) that was similar to diazepam (0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg IV). However, the slope of midazolam's dose-response curve for sedation appeared to be steeper (i.e., a narrower therapeutic dosage range). In a comparative evaluation of their relative sedative-amnestic properties and recovery characteristics, the median effective doses of the two benzodiazepines were compared. Midazolam (0.1 mg/kg IV) was found to produce more profound sedation and amnesia than diazepam (0.2 mg/kg IV). Midazolam was associated with significantly less pain on injection and a lower incidence of postoperative venoirritation. Overall patient acceptance was higher with midazolam compared to diazepam. Finally, recovery characteristics were similar for the two benzodiazepines in our outpatient setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Vasconez
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mathes
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Way
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Wender
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003975:Diazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007649:Ketamine; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011897:Random Allocation; D013518:Surgery, Plastic
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007649:Ketamine; D003975:Diazepam; D008874:Midazolam