title: Elongation factor 1 beta gamma from Artemia. Purification and properties of its subunits.
abstract: The guanine nucleotide exchange factor, elongation factor 1 beta gamma (EF-1 beta gamma) has been purified from Artemia cysts using an improved method. The protein consists of two distinct polypeptides with relative molecular masses of 26,000 (EF-1 beta) and 46,000 (EF-1 gamma). A nucleoside diphosphate phosphotransferase activity often found in EF-1 beta gamma preparations has been completely separated from the actual guanine nucleotide exchange stimulatory activity of EF-1 beta gamma, thus indicating that nucleotide diphosphate phosphotransferase is not an intrinsic property of EF-1 beta. Both EF-1 beta gamma and EF-1 beta have been shown to stimulate the following three reactions to a comparable degree: (a) exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha with exogenous GDP; (b) EF-1 alpha-dependent binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes; (c) poly(U)-dependent poly(phenylalanine) synthesis. However, a significantly higher nucleotide exchange rate was observed in the presence of EF-1 beta gamma compared to EF-1 beta alone. Concerning elongation factor 1 gamma (EF-1 gamma) the following observations were made. In contrast to EF-1 beta, pure EF-1 gamma is rather insoluble in aqueous buffers, but the tendency to precipitate can be partially suppressed by the addition of detergents. In particular, EF-1 gamma partitions solely into the detergent phase of Triton X-114 solutions. EF-1 gamma is also more susceptible to spontaneous, specific fragmentation. It is remarkably that about 5% of the cellular pool of EF-1 beta gamma was found to be present in membrane fractions, under conditions where no EF-1 alpha was detectable in these fractions. Furthermore it was noted that EF-1 beta gamma copurified strongly with tubulin on DEAE-cellulose. Moreover, it was observed that from a mixture of EF-1 beta gamma and tubulin, EF-1 gamma coprecipitates with tubulin using a non-denaturating immunoprecipitation technique. These findings suggest that EF-1 gamma has a hydrophobic domain and interacts with membrane and cytoskeleton structures in the cell.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Medical Biochemistry, State University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Möller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000502:physiology*; D003902:Detergents; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008566:Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D010441:Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012995:Solubility; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009711:Nucleotides; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors; D014404:Tubulin