title: Simplification of the Doppler continuity equation for calculating stenotic aortic valve area.
abstract: Determination of aortic valve area by the continuity equation is feasible and accurate but requires planimetry. Because the ratio of maximum velocities in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) to aortic jet is quite similar to the ratio of velocity-time integrals at these sites, the continuity equation can be simplified by substituting maximum velocities for velocity-time integrals. Agreement with invasively determined aortic valve areas is similar with the conventional and simplified forms of the continuity equation. However, substitution of the average or sex-specific LVOT diameter for measured LVOT diameter in individual patients leads to less accurate aortic valve area determination. We conclude that simplification of the continuity equation, with measured LVOT diameter and maximum velocity and aortic jet maximum velocity, allows noninvasive calculation of the aortic valve area in a way that is simple and accurate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pearlman
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fujioka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000473:pathology*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000473:pathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D004452:Echocardiography; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013318:Stroke Volume