title: Deficits in operant behaviour in monkeys treated with N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).
abstract: Six adult Macaca fascicularis monkeys were trained to perform an instrumentally conditioned, visually-guided forearm reaching task for fruit juice reinforcement. Once animals were overtrained on this task, they were given intravenous injections of N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (0.15 to 0.33 mg/kg). Animals were tested daily for performance in the previously learned behavioural task and were assessed daily for abnormalities in motor functioning. Monkeys developed deficits in operant task performance characterized by termination of responses after an initial series of responses and long pauses between responses. Once an animal stopped responding to the task, responses could often be reinitiated if the experimenter guided the monkey through the task. This type of performance deficit was seen both before and without the appearance of distinct parkinsonian motor signs. Animals which developed motor signs had extensive ventral mesencephalic cell loss while an animal with performance deficits but without motor signs had cell loss restricted to the ventral substantia nigra pars compacta. The results demonstrate that operant performance deficits can be observed in MPTP-treated monkeys independent of the appearance of motor deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Unguez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yuwiler
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Markham
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D011725:Pyridines; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine