title: Restoration of micturition using microelectric current in experimentally induced spastic urinary bladder in rabbits.
abstract: The 29 rabbits used in this study were divided into three groups, A (A1 and A2), B, and C. In subgroup A1, 4 animals were used in order to verify whether the contact of an electrode to the sacral nerves results in some abnormality of voiding reflex. In subgroups A1 and A2 (4 animals each) we further studied the micturition function using three parameters: (i) urinary bladder fluoroscopy and radiography, (ii) cystomanometry, and (iii) electromyography of the pelvic floor muscles (external sphinter). In group B (9 rabbits) spastic paraplegia and micturition disturbances resulted from spinal cord compression that was induced by inserting a balloon catheter into the T11-T12 intervertebral foramen. In this group the parameters studied revealed a spastic urinary bladder in all animals. Finally, the 12 animals of group C were rendered paraplegic as described in group B, and microelectrodes were placed over the sacral nerves as in subgroup A1. By applying a specific sequence of sacral nerve stimulation we succeeded in satisfactory urinary bladder emptying as confirmed by the micturition parameters studied: The urinary bladder pressure decreased from 65 +/- 3 to 28 +/- 3 mm Hg. The pelvic floor muscle amplitude was lowered from 130 +/- 7 to 20 +/- 3 microV, and finally the radiological bladder size also decreased from 38 cm2 before voiding to 18 +/- 3 cm2 after voiding. These results indicate that microelectric current stimulation of the sacral nerves, when applied under a specific sequence, could rather satisfactorily restore micturition disturbances, at least in this experimental animal.
authors.affiliation: B' Department of Neurology, Aristotelian University, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Ahepa Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karoutas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karacostas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Artemis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liapis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tzotzoras
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andreou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tsitsopoulos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003655:Decerebrate State; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D013035:Spasm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014554:Urination