title: Immunohistological analysis of experimental gingivitis in humans.
abstract: Immunohistological analysis of experimental gingivitis in humans was carried out to provide a baseline for the study of immunoregulatory mechanisms in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies in an avidin biotin immunoperoxidase technique, T cell subsets were identified and the pattern of Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens determined. Twenty third-year dental students took part in the study. Following the cessation of oral hygiene procedures, gingival biopsies were taken from each of five students at days 0, 4, 8 and 21 during the development of the inflammatory lesion. Each student had one biopsy which healed uneventfully. The T4:T8 ratio showed only slight variation over the time course of the lesion varying from 2.18:1 at day 0 to 2.48:1 at day 4. At all stages the T cells displayed both HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigens, but less than 10% had detectable IL-2 receptors. The predominant macrophage population was acid phosphatase + ve, adenosine triphosphatase -ve, HLA-DR+ and HLA-DQ+ antigens suggesting an activated phagocytic population. During the development of the lesion, the number of intraepithelial Langerhans cells (T6+) increased but there appeared to be a discrepancy between HLA-DR and HLA-DQ expression on these cells. Similarly, the keratinocytes expressed HLA-DR but failed to express HLA-DQ at any stage. These results suggest that the developing gingival lesion is a well controlled lesion and follows a similar pattern to a controlled delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gemmell
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006681:HLA-D Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D006681:HLA-D Antigens