title: Photochemical formation of mutagenic compounds from alkenes and ozone or nitrogen dioxide.
abstract: In order to investigate the possible formation of mutagenic compounds from alkenes emitted in ambient air, laboratory experiments were performed with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in a small-scale flow-through exposure system. The reaction time for mixtures of alkenes with ozone or nitrogen dioxide was 40 minutes, and the exposure time for bacteria was 6 hours. Ozone gave rise to a small mutagenic effect in combination with 1,3-butadiene or vinyl chloride, with and without ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, but not in combination with ethene or propene. Nitrogen dioxide gave rise to a mutagenic effect in combination with propene, 1,3-butadiene, or vinyl chloride, but only after UV irradiation. The mutagenic activity was highest with butadiene and seemed to be dose-related to the concentration of nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide with ethene did not produce a mutagenic effect. A mixture of ethene, propene, and butadiene, tested with ozone or nitrogen dioxide with UV irradiation, did not potentiate each other's mutagenic effect.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Department of Toxicology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Victorin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ståhlberg
mesh_terms: D000475:Alkenes; D005740:Gases; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide; D010126:Ozone; D010777:Photochemistry; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014752:Vinyl Chloride
chemical_list: D000475:Alkenes; D005740:Gases; D009153:Mutagens; D010126:Ozone; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide; D014752:Vinyl Chloride