title: Purification and characterization of (+)dihydroflavonol (3-hydroxyflavanone) 4-reductase from flowers of Dahlia variabilis.
abstract: Individual flowers from inflorescences of Dahlia variabilis (cv Scarlet Star) in young developmental stages contained relatively high activity of (+)-dihydroflavonol (DHF) 4-reductase. The DHF reductase was purified from such flowers to apparent homogeneity by a five-step procedure. This included affinity adsorption on Blue Sepharose and elution of the enzyme with NADP+. By gel filtration and by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis it was shown that DHF reductase contains only one polypeptide chain with a Mr of about 41,000. The reductase required NADPH as cofactor and catalyzed transfer of the pro-S hydrogen of NADPH to the substrate. Flavanones and dihydroflavonols (3-hydroxyflavanones) were substrates for DHF reductase with pH optima of about 6.0 for flavanones and of about 6.8 for dihydroflavonols. Flavanones were reduced to the corresponding flavan-4-ols and (+)-dihydroflavonols to flavan-3,4-cis-diols. Apparent Michaelis constants determined for (2S)-naringenin, (2S)-eriodicytol, (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-dihydroquercetin, and NADPH were, respectively, 2.3, 2, 10, 15, and 42 microM. V/Km values were higher for dihydroflavonols than for flavanones. Conversion of dihydromyricetin to leucodelphinidin was also catalyzed by the enzyme at a low rate, whereas flavones and flavonols were not accepted as substrates. DHF reductase was not inhibited by metal chelators.
authors.affiliation: Biologisches Institut II, Universität Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stich
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Britsch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grisebach
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008970:Molecular Weight; D063245:Plant Development; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C056570:dihydroflavanol 4-reductase