title: Medial orbital wall fracture with enophthalmos.
abstract: An isolated blow-out fracture of the medial orbital wall is uncommon, whereas the incidence in conjunction with an orbital floor fracture is high. The most striking features of an isolated medial wall fracture are diplopia on medial and lateral gaze and/or enophthalmos. The cases of two patients with a fracture of the medial orbital wall with enophthalmos are presented. One patient had an isolated medial wall fracture, whereas the other had a combined medial and inferior orbital wall fracture. Treatment of the enophthalmos consisted of exposure of the medial wall fracture site using a bicoronal flap, freeing of the herniated soft tissues and reconstruction of the defect with an autogenous medial iliac bone graft. The incidence, aetiology, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms and surgical treatment of the isolated orbital medial blow-out fracture are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: de Visscher
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: van der Wal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*