title: Multicenter open trial of cefotetan and cefoxitin in elective biliary surgery.
abstract: The present study was performed in two phases. In phase I, 112 patients were randomized to either 2 g cefotetan as a single prophylactic dose or 2 g cefoxitin every 6 hours for a maximum of 4 doses; phase II included 148 patients who were randomized to either 1 g cefotetan as a single dose or cefoxitin dosed as in phase I. The randomization was 2:1 cefotetan to cefoxitin in both phases. Nonevaluability rates were 10 percent for the cefotetan patients and 22 percent for the cefoxitin patients, the majority being due to dosing errors. Demographic characteristics demonstrated 88 percent to be female, 81 percent to be less than 65 years of age, and the average weight to be 165 lb. There were no differences in these characteristics among the groups. Common duct exploration was performed in 6 percent of the 2 g cefotetan patients, 9 percent in the 1 g cefotetan patients, and 13 percent in the 2 g cefoxitin patients. There were five clinical failures of prophylaxis: one wound infection in the 2 g cefotetan patients, one wound infection and one drain tract infection in the 1 g cefotetan patients, and one wound infection and one case of cholangitis in the 2 g cefoxitin patients. The clinical success rates were 98 percent in the 2 g cefotetan patients, 98 percent in the 1 g cefotetan patients, and 97 percent in the 2 g cefoxitin patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Center for the Health Sciences, Memphis 38163.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Fabian
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Zellner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gazzaniga
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waxman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001662:Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures; D015313:Cefotetan; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002513:Cephamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011292:Premedication; D011897:Random Allocation; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D002513:Cephamycins; D015313:Cefotetan; D002440:Cefoxitin