title: The outcome of treatment of 313 patients with T-1 (UICC) prostate cancer treated with external beam irradiation.
abstract: Three hundred and thirteen patients with UICC T-1 N-0 M-0 prostate cancer were treated with external beam irradiation in 1973 and 1974 or in 1978, and their outcome determined 3-10 years after treatment. Survival over the first 5 years was comparable to that expected for a group of age matched normal males (77% vs. 81%), but during the second 5-year interval, there was a decrease in survival below that expected (51% vs 62%), a reflection of death in patients who developed metastasis as a first recurrence (18%). Overall, 72% of patients were free of any recurrence at 5 years and, 88% free of infield recurrence. The development of metastatic recurrence was significantly related to grade; at 5 years 87% of grade I, 79% of grade II and 69% of grade III patients were free of metastasis. There was a trend for increased local recurrence with increasing grade, but it was not statistically significant. There was a dose/response relation for complications, and radiation doses above 6500 cGy are associated with an increase in complication from 6% to 11% (p = .09). Complications requiring hospitalization for evaluation or management occurred in 30 (10%) of 313 patients. There were no deaths from complications and less than 2% of patients required surgical correction of complications. External beam radiation offers the patient with early prostate cancer a favorable opportunity for cure without the morbidity of impotence, incontinence, and occasional death experienced following LND and radical prostatectomy. Lymph node dissection does not seem necessary for most patients with T-1 prostate cancer as the positive yield in those with Grades I and II cancers is less than the complications of the procedure, and extensive involvement can be detected by non-invasive means.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania/Fox Chase Cancer Center.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Krall
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Martz
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies