title: Nicotine dependence. Interface between tobacco and tobacco-related disease.
authors.affiliation: NIDA Addiction Research Center, Baltimore 21224.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Henningfield
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nemeth-Coslett
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D002638:Chewing Gum; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum; D009538:Nicotine