title: Effects of intranasal insulin in non-obese type II diabetics.
abstract: The comparative effects of intranasal and subcutaneous insulin on blood glucose and insulin levels are described in non-obese type II diabetics, in the fasting state and following a standard meal. In the fasting studies, intranasal insulin (30 units) produced a single early insulin peak. Elevated insulin levels and their hypoglycaemic effect persisted for less than 2 h whereas with subcutaneous insulin (8 units) elevated insulin levels and evidence of hypoglycaemic action were still present at 4 h. By contrast, in the meal studies both forms of insulin had similar effects on serum insulin levels and blood glucose. Moreover elevated insulin levels and evidence of reduction in post-prandial hyperglycaemia were now present at 4 h with both intranasal and subcutaneous insulin administration. Intranasal insulin in combination with a test meal now produced a biphasic insulin profile more closely resembling the normal insulin response to a meal, and reflecting the combined effects of endogenous and exogenous insulin.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Frauman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jerums
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Louis
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004435:Eating; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin