title: Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: Fifty-six children who received kidney transplants were evaluated for postoperative vesicoureteral reflux and frequency of urinary tract infection. Two methods of ureteral implantation were compared: a nonantireflux extravesicular ureteroneocystostomy and an antireflux intravesicular ureteroneocystostomy. Reflux was found in 79% of children who had the nonantireflux procedure vs 19% of children who had the antireflux procedure. This disparity was present regardless of sex and age. Infections occurred at a rate of one per 11 patient-months after the nonantireflux procedure vs one per 40 patient-months after the antireflux procedure. Regardless of surgical technique, the incidence of infection was higher in children with reflux. The potentially harmful effect of infection with reflux warrants concern. Because of the need to maximize allograft function for a longer time period, an antireflux procedure is recommended in all pediatric kidney transplants.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hanevold
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Polinsky
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Baluarte
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control