title: The use of contact lenses by USAF aviators.
abstract: Contact lenses are an alternative method to spectacles for correcting refractive errors, but the U.S. Air Force prohibits the wearing of contact lenses by all aircrew members unless medically or optically indicated (AFR 167-3). USAFSAM has a clinical contact lens study consisting of 55 individuals wearing contact lenses for eye defects such as keratoconus, aphakia, anisometropia, and other special indications. Of these 55 individuals, 33 had medical conditions affecting their vision and were unconditionally grounded. Of these individuals, 31 (18 of 19 pilots, 8 of 9 navigators, 5 of 5 other categories) were visually rehabilitated and returned to full flight status by the use of contact lenses. Hard lenses were used in 70% of the cases and soft lenses in 30%. The large number of USAF aviators required to wear spectacles and new head-borne equipment has created compatibility problems with the standard USAF aviators' spectacle. For this spectacle compatibility problem, contact lenses appear as a viable alternative. However, for wide-spread use, concerns remain about the potential aviation hazards, such as +Gz effects, bubble formation, and corneal hypoxia.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Tredici
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Flynn
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D006112:Gravitation; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008889:Military Personnel; D014481:United States