title: Clinical pharmacokinetics of carbonated local anesthetics. I: Subclavian perivascular brachial block model.
abstract: Fifty healthy adult patients undergoing upper extremity surgery under brachial plexus anesthesia provided by the subclavian perivascular technique were divided into two groups, so that anesthesia provided by 1% lidocaine hydrochloride in one group could be compared with that provided by 1.1% lidocaine carbonate in the other group. Epinephrine, 1:200,000, was added to both solutions just before injection. Carbonated lidocaine reduced the latency of anesthesia by 45% as compared with the hydrochloride salt and produced complete motor block in almost twice as many patients (54 vs 31%). The duration of anesthesia provided by the two agents was virtually identical, as was duration of motor blockade.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sukhani
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Winnie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia; D000758:Anesthesia; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001132:Arm / Q000601:surgery; D001917:Brachial Plexus; D002254:Carbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002254:Carbonates; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine