title: Biological monitoring of metals with special references to the early stages of the life cycle.
abstract: In summary, the biological monitoring of toxic metals in the early stages of the life cycle has not yet received the attention it deserves. Most metals have simply not been studied at all. Some successful applications with mercury, lead, and cadmium have been reviewed here. But even for these widely studied metals, there is a great need to study physiological models for metal disposition in developing animals.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Clarkson
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Nordberg
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sager
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005333:Fetus / Q000032:analysis*; D006197:Hair / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000032:analysis; D010920:Placenta / Q000032:analysis; D012661:Semen / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D008670:Metals