title: Treatment and long-term follow-up of foot infections in patients with diabetes or ischemia: a randomized, prospective, double-blind comparison of cefoxitin and ceftizoxime.
abstract: The efficacy and safety of ceftizoxime and cefoxitin were compared in a randomized, double-blind study of therapy for lower extremity infections in patients with diabetes mellitus or peripheral vascular disease. Overall clinical responses were satisfactory in 82% (23/28) of patients treated with ceftizoxime and in 68% (17/25) of patients treated with cefoxitin. The difference was not statistically significant. Ceftizoxime had superior in vitro activity against Enterobacteriaceae, especially Enterobacter cloacae, whereas cefoxitin had better activity against the Bacteroides fragilis group. Relapses of infection were common in both groups during long-term follow-up; only about one third of patients in either group maintained satisfactory outcomes after one year. More than half of the patients in both groups responded to one or more courses of medical therapy and avoided major amputations for one year following entry into the study.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bamberger
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mulligan
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Gerding
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Finegold
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005528:Foot / Q000098:blood supply*; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D002440:Cefoxitin; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002439:Cefotaxime