Dietary mackerel oil in pigs: effect on plasma lipids, cardiac sarcolemmal phospholipids and cardiovascular parameters.
The influence of substitution of eicosapentanoic acid to the diet has been investigated in juvenile domestic pigs (7-8 kg) fed either a mixture of 4.5% (wt/wt) mackerel oil and 4.5% (wt/wt) lard fat (n = 12, ML group) or a 9% (wt/wt) lard fat (n = 12, L group) diet for 16 wk. Plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol did not change in L, but had decreased in ML to 51 +/- 8 and 81 +/- 8% of the initial values, respectively, at the end of this period; the largest decreases already occurred during the first 8 wk. HDL cholesterol of both L and ML were not affected. After 16 wk, postprandial responses of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and glucose and insulin, determined at hourly intervals during the first 8 h postfeeding, did not show any differences for the two dietary groups. In spite of a marked replacement of n-6 fatty acids by n-3 fatty acids in cardiac sarcolemmal membranes in ML, there were no major differences in cardiovascular performance (myocardial contractility, pre- and afterload, cardiac output and myocardial work) between L and ML, when measured under baseline conditions and after the heart was stressed by atrial pacing (heart rate: 160 beats/min). In conclusion, feeding moderate amounts of mackerel oil [0.3 g 20:5 n-3/(kg body weight.d)] to pigs during 16 wk produces decreases of the plasma levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, but does not affect plasma HDL cholesterol and routine cardiovascular parameters.
Hartog
J M
JM
Verdouw
P D
PD
Klompe
M
M
Lamers
J M
JM
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005395:Fish Oils; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol