title: Human geography in the French Institute: new discipline or missed opportunity?
abstract: The geography section of the Class of Moral and Political Sciences of the French National Institute, which was in existence from December 1795 to January 1803, responded inadequately to the theoretical challenges of Montesquieu, the hygienists, Volney, and Degérando to study thoroughly native peoples to determine the effects of physical geographic conditions on the body and mind. Most geographers had no interest in human geography, and even statistical geography received only superficial discussion. Despite the emergence of the scientific journal, only a few authors partly transcended the stereotypes of the noble-ignoble savage. The only expedition partly planned by the Institute in this period had an ambitious exploration program that precluded a linguistically sophisticated study of native peoples. Bonaparte's dissolution of the Class hindered further opportunities for studying human geography during the Empire.
authors.affiliation: University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Staum
mesh_terms: D000884:Anthropology, Cultural / Q000266:history*; D005602:France; D005843:Geography; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century