title: Plasma levobunolol levels following topical administration with reference to systemic side effects.
abstract: We determined the plasma level of levobunolol in normal volunteers after a single topical instillation of 0.5 or 1% levobunolol in both eyes, and after twice-daily instillations for 1 week. Levobunolol levels were detected within 1 h following acute instillation. During the study, mean plasma levels ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 ng/ml for the 0.5% group and 0.3 to 0.6 ng/ml for the 1% group. The highest individual plasma level was 1.2 ng/ml, which occurred in 1 patient receiving 1% levobunolol. After 1 week of twice-daily instillation mean plasma levels were similar to those observed after acute instillation. Minimal cardiovascular changes were observed in the 0.5% group while decreases in heart rate and systolic blood pressure were observed in the 1% treatment group.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Novack
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Tang-Liu
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duzman
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002040:Levobunolol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002040:Levobunolol