title: A comparison of 99mTc-DTPA and 113mIn-DTPA aerosol clearances in humans. Effects of smoking, hyperinflation, and in vitro oxidation.
abstract: As an index of permeability of the alveolar epithelium, the clearance of an inhaled aerosol of 99mTc-DTPA is increased in several disease states. However, the usefulness of the test to assess the severity of disease is limited because healthy smokers also have abnormally rapid rates of clearance. Because the stability of the 99mTc-DTPA bond might be a contributory factor, we tested the affinity of 99mTc for DTPA in vitro, and in groups of healthy smokers (n = 13) and nonsmokers (n = 7) we measured the clearances of 99mTc-DTPA and 113mIn-DTPA, which have a similar molecular shape and charge. In vitro, sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide released as much as 98% of free 99mTc from the 99mTc-DTPA complex. When incubated with human neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate, between 4 and 7% of free 99mTc-DTPA was released after 30 min, and 12% was released after 60 min. In vivo, the clearances of both 99mTc-DTPA and 113mIn-DTPA in the smokers (n = 13) were faster than in the nonsmokers (n = 7) (p less than 0.05). Within the smokers, the mean 99mTc-DTPA clearance (T1/2 25 +/- 4 min) was faster than the mean 113mIn-DTPA clearance (34 +/- 6 min), (p less than 0.05). For nonsmokers, the difference was smaller (T1/2 99mTc-DTPA, 56 +/- 6; T1/2 113mIn-DTPA, 62 +/- 6) and not significant. During hyperinflation, smokers (n = 8) and nonsmokers (n = 8) both demonstrated an increase in 113mIn-DTPA clearance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Nolop
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Braude
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Royston
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D010539:Permeability; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*; D013667:Technetium; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D013667:Technetium; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate