title: A portrait of surgery. Surgery in America, 1875-1889.
abstract: Between the years 1875 and 1889, extraordinary changes occurred in the practice of medicine and surgery. This article reviews these changes and attempts to understand something of the science of surgery as well as its place in American medicine during these years. The essay uses the two paintings by Thomas Eakins, The Gross Clinic of 1875 and The Agnew Clinic of 1889, as endpoints to the period of discussion.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Institute of the History of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Brieger
mesh_terms: D013502:General Surgery / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D008512:Medicine in the Arts; D010151:Paintings / Q000266:history; D014481:United States