Modifications of the serotonin system by antidepressant treatments: implications for the therapeutic response in major depression.
Results of electrophysiological single-cell recording studies suggest that most, if not all, types of antidepressant treatments increase 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurotransmission. Tricyclic antidepressants, electroconvulsive shock treatment, mianserin, adinazolam, and possibly sleep deprivation may exert their therapeutic effect through sensitization of postsynaptic neurons to 5-HT. Serotonin reuptake blockers may relieve depression through an increased efficacy of the presynaptic element resulting from a desensitization of somatodendritic and terminal 5-HT autoreceptors. Similarly, monoamine oxidase inhibitors may act by increasing the efficacy of 5-HT neurons. Intensification of 5-HT function appears to be a common denominator to antidepressant treatments; however, evidence suggests that this modification may only be a link in a chain of events leading to an antidepressant response.
Blier
P
P
Neuroscience Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
de Montigny
C
C
Chaput
Y
Y
D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology*
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D012701:Serotonin