title: Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, prostaglandins, and epinephrine stimulate the secretion of immunoreactive gonadotropin-releasing hormone from cultured human placental cells.
abstract: Cell culture and biochemical procedures were used to identify and study the possible mechanisms regulating the secretion of GnRH-like immunoreactivity (GnRH-LI) from human placenta. Monolayer primary cultures of trophoblasts were established after mechanical and enzymatic dispersion of normal human term placenta. The cultured cells stained immunocytochemically positive with anti-GnRH serum, and GnRH-LI extracted from the cells eluted from high performance liquid chromatography with the same retention time as authentic GnRH. One week after plating, exposure to high concentrations of K+ or to various doses of veratridine, a Na+ ionophore, increased GnRH-LI release into the culture medium. This effect was reversed by Ca2+ antagonists (cobalt, EGTA, and verapamil). Dibutyrylcyclic AMP, forskolin, theophylline, and theobromine also increased GnRH-LI concentrations in the medium of cultured placental cells in a dose-related manner, as did prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha and epinephrine. The effect of epinephrine on GnRH-LI concentrations was mimicked by isoproterenol and reversed by propranolol, suggesting an effect mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors. These results indicate that GnRH-LI release from cultured human placental cells is stimulated by the opening of ionic channels and activation of the adenylate cyclase/cAMP system, and that prostaglandins and epinephrine may be involved in the regulation of GnRH-LI release from human placenta.
authors.affiliation: Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petraglia
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vale
mesh_terms: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010906:Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones / Q000276:immunology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D010906:Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones; D011453:Prostaglandins; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D004837:Epinephrine