title: Is progesterone a pre-hormone in the CNS?
abstract: In this paper, experimental evidences have been presented indicating that progesterone per se appears to be a powerful modulatory steroid of presynaptic striatal dopaminergic terminals of the central nervous system of the rat. This effect of the progesterone signal is concentration as well as infusion mode dependent. Low pulsatile doses of the steroid positively modulate the mechanism by which dopamine terminals respond to amphetamine stimulation and increase tissue dopamine concentration. Whereas, continuous and/or high doses of this steroid negatively modulate the response of the dopamine terminals to amphetamine stimulation and decreases tissue dopamine concentration. This effects occurs through a membrane mediated mechanism either upon the dopamine neuron directly and/or upon an interneuron. Pregnanolone a 5- beta-3 beta-metabolite of progesterone known to activate the hypothalamic LHRH neural apparatus at the level of the hypothalamus of ovariectomized estrogen primed rats in both in vitro as well as in vivo preparations was completely ineffective at the level of the corpus striatum of similar animal preparations. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that site specific mechanisms exist within the central nervous system which may control differentially the final action of progesterone. In the hypothalamus, pregnanolone appears to be the final signal for its action on the LHRH neural apparatus, whereas in the corpus striatum, the steroid per se, and dependent on the modality and/or the strength of the signal can either directly or indirectly up-regulate (stimulatory component) or down-regulate (inhibitory component) the activity of striatal dopaminergic terminals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dluzen
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000494:pharmacology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011280:Pregnanolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone; D002784:Cholesterol; D011280:Pregnanolone; D004298:Dopamine