title: Development of anti-G suits and their limitations.
abstract: Initial anti-G suits were based on the belief that decreased venous return was the critical effect of increased weight of blood during acceleration. Cumbersome water filled, pneumatic gradient or pulsatile pressure suits resulted. Subsequent centrifuge studies implicated arterial pressure, rather than venous return, as the major determinant of G tolerance in the sitting position. Consequently, methods of increasing arterial pressure were developed. Findings that the hypertensive, associated anti-blackout and discomfort effects of suit inflation all increase with bladder system pressure up to arterial occlusive levels resulted in the simplified G-suit used in W.W.II to the present. Recent +Gz loss of consciousness crashes indicate current straining maneuvers plus this suit are inadequate. Furthermore, because of very high pressures to maintain cerebral circulation in the sitting position, very high G suit protection is hazardous. If piloting is essential for full use of super performance fighters, the prone position with counter-weighted head support plus omni-directional surveilance is the surest strategem to obtain this advantage.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D001775:Blood Circulation; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005676:Gravity Suits / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D011187:Posture; D014474:Unconsciousness / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014481:United States