title: [The so-called venous air embolism: historical aspects and current diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy].
abstract: The so-called venous air embolism is known as a complication not only of surgical operations but also of other procedures. Two conditions must be fulfilled: a lesion of a non collapsible vein; and a pressure gradient from outside to inside the vein, as occurs for instance during puncture of a large vein in a hypovolemic patient. Air entry into veins is a frequent occurrence during neurosurgery in sitting patients, and thus most diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic innovations were proposed by neuroanesthetists. Due to advances in technique, truly dangerous cases of so-called venous air embolism during neurosurgery in patients in the sitting position are very rare.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Panning
mesh_terms: D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000266:history; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000266:history
vernacular_title: Die sogenannte venöse Luftembolie: Historische Aspekte und heutiger Stand von Diagnose, Prophylaxe und Therapie.