Southern Society for Pediatric Research. Presidential address: What is causing diabetes in children?
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas. This process is associated with the presence of islet cell antibodies (ICA). The risk for developing IDDM is associated closely with the presence of the HLA type DR3 and/or DR4. The risk is greatest for those with both DR3 and DR4. Recent evidence indicates that the DR antigens are only expressed in the beta cells of individuals who are developing IDDM. Activation of the DR antigen in beta cells apparently plays a role in the pathogenesis of IDDM. A process that turns off the expression of the DR antigen may stop the destruction of the beta cells. Preliminary evidence indicates that total suppression of beta cell function with an artificial pancreas (Biostator) significantly prolongs beta cell function well beyond that reported for immunosuppressive drugs. The Biostator may work by total suppression of beta cell function, which turns off the expression of the DR antigen with a resultant cessation of beta cell destruction.
Malone
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JI
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male
D006684:HLA-DR Antigens