title: Randomized, double-blind, cross-over study comparing prochlorperazine and lorazepam with high-dose metoclopramide and lorazepam for the control of emesis in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy.
abstract: To further define optimal combinations of antiemetics, high-dose metoclopramide and lorazepam (M+L) were compared with prochlorperazine and lorazepam (P+L) in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Both patient and observer assessments were documented in 66 patients receiving cisplatin and noncisplatin chemotherapy. M+L significantly reduced the severity of vomiting (P = 0.01), duration of vomiting (P = 0.05), and number of vomiting episodes (P = 0.003). Comparing the severity or duration of nausea, M+L and P+L were not significantly different. M+L significantly reduced severity of vomiting (P = 0.005) and number of vomiting episodes (P = 0.03) in the cisplatin subset. The number of vomiting episodes was also reduced in the noncisplatin subset (P = 0.03). When asked to nominate a preferred regimen, 41% of patients preferred P+L, 35% preferred M+L, and 24% rated them equally. M+L was associated with significantly more anxiety and less sedation than P+L. Patient assessments produced similar results to observer assessments but gave a broader understanding of our patients' tolerance to chemotherapy. M+L is a superior regimen in controlling vomiting induced by chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ackland
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hillcoat
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011346:Prochlorperazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008787:Metoclopramide; D008140:Lorazepam; D011346:Prochlorperazine