Methodological issues facing the interpretation of high-risk studies: biological heterogeneity.
High-risk studies provide a unique opportunity to examine the interaction of biological vulnerability and psychosocial factors in the development of the major psychiatric illnesses. To parcel out the effects of psychosocial variables, high-risk populations need to be separated into offspring who are and who are not biologically/genetically vulnerable, since psychosocial modifiers will be interactive only in the biologically vulnerable offspring. Criteria are suggested for the use of "biological markers" to detect subjects at genetic/biological risk within high-risk cohorts. Presently, only the d' statistic of the continuous performance test (CPT) appears to satisfy the criteria for identification of such biologically vulnerable offspring.
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D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D012306:Risk; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012931:Social Environment
D005819:Genetic Markers; D004247:DNA