title: A clinical perspective of the cause-consequence controversy in alcoholic and addictive suffering.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Cambridge Hospital, Massachusetts 02139.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Khantzian
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology