title: Fetal renal anomalies, a diagnostic dilemma in the presence of intrauterine growth retardation and oligohydramnios.
abstract: Measurement of the head-to-abdomen (H/A) ratio for differentiating between symmetrical and asymmetrical IUGR may be difficult in the presence of marked oligohydramnios. A total of 76 cases of IUGR with various degrees of oligohydramnios was studied. Sixteen (59%) out of 27 structural defects represented bilateral renal agenesis, 11 of which were diagnosed prenatally. When only the H/A ratio was measured (n = 29) the sensitivity in picking up a structural defect was 50%. Calculation of the pulsatility index in the umbilical artery and fetal internal carotid artery (n = 47), whether or not combined with amnioinfusion (n = 5), resulted in a sensitivity of 76%. It is suggested that the latter two techniques may provide valuable additional information as to the cause of IUGR.
authors.affiliation: Academic Hospital Rotterdam-Dijkzigt, Erasmus University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reuss
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wladimiroff
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: vd Wijngaard
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pijpers
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D014463:Ultrasonography