title: Relaxation training affects success and activation on a teaching test.
abstract: We studied the effects of an audiocassette-relaxation training period (ART) and its timing on success at a teaching test (lecture type), on observed tension and on a number of physiological responses. The electrical activity of the upper trapezius muscle (EMG), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP), of female and male instructor candidates, were examined before, during and after the teaching test as well as during its critique. The relaxation period (18 min) was presented either on the preceding night (ARTnt) or immediately before the teaching test (ARTimm). The influence of personality (types A-B and extrovert-introvert) was also studied. ART improved success at the teaching test in both sexes. In males (but not in females), ARTimm decreased EMG level during the test, but ARTnt increased EMG at the test period as compared to the control group. In females, both ARTnt and ARTimm lowered HR more than in the control group. ARTimm lowered systolic BP in both sexes. Personality types affected the ART responses; ART was more beneficial for type A than B subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Helin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hänninen
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013663:Teaching; D014434:Type A Personality