title: Postmenopausal estrogen use and coronary atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether estrogen replacement therapy affects the prevalence of severely obstructive coronary arterial lesions defined by selective coronary arteriography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large, urban, university-affiliated referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  From a consecutive sample of 6452 women having coronary arteriography between 1972 and 1984, 2188 patients were eligible for study; others were excluded because they were nonmenopausal, had congenital heart defects, valvular heart disorders, primary myocardial disease, or no more than mild to moderate coronary artery disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospital nurses routinely obtained medication histories. Staff invasive cardiologists interpreted coronary arteriograms. Clinical, laboratory, and angiographic data were abstracted from the cardiac catheterization reports and entered into a computerized registry. Postmenopausal estrogen use for 1444 cases of coronary artery disease (70% stenosis) was compared to that 744 controls (0% stenosis). The odds ratio estimate of the risk of coronary artery disease for estrogen users relative to the risk of coronary artery disease for nonusers was 0.44 (95% confidence interval, 0.29 to 0.67) after adjustment for age, cigarette smoking, diabetes, cholesterol, and hypertension. Postmenopausal estrogen replacement was a significant independent protective factor for coronary artery disease in a multivariate logistic regression model (P = 0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that postmenopausal estrogen treatment reduces the risk for angiographically significant coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services Research, Baptist Memorial Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vander Zwaag
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Lemp
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maddock
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Kroetz
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mirvis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D002784:Cholesterol