title: The jitteriness syndrome in panic disorder patients treated with antidepressants.
abstract: The jitteriness syndrome (jitteriness, shakiness, increased anxiety, and insomnia) can develop with low doses of tricyclic antidepressants in patients who are sensitive to these drugs. The authors review the antidepressant treatment of 180 patients. Only those with panic attacks had jitteriness, usually during the first week of treatment. Desipramine was associated with a much higher frequency of jitteriness than was imipramine. Tolerance to jitteriness occurred with continued treatment, but fewer patients with jitteriness responded to treatment, apparently because of difficulties in increasing the dose. Characteristics of the jitteriness syndrome in panic disorder patients are consistent with noradrenergic hypotheses of panic anxiety. The clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Lafayette Clinic, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48207.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Yeragani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lycaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017109:Akathisia, Drug-Induced; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D003891:Desipramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004316:Doxepin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007099:Imipramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D010200:Panic; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D004316:Doxepin; D007099:Imipramine; D003891:Desipramine