title: Five-week red cell storage with preservation of 2,3 DPG.
abstract: The 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG) content of red cells stored in current anticoagulant-preservative products decreases rapidly after the first few days of storage, and by 3 weeks the red cells are essentially depleted of 2,3 DPG. Because ascorbic acid and ascorbate-2-phosphate (A-2-P) are effective in maintaining erythrocyte 2,3 DPG during liquid preservation, ascorbate was stabilized through autoclaving and subsequent storage by adding it as the trisodium salt of A-2-P to a phosphate-adenine-saline solution at a pH of 8.5 to 9.0. Red cell concentrates prepared from blood drawn into citrate-phosphate-double-dextrose were supplemented with the A-2-P additive solution (AS-4) and studied in vitro and in vivo. Mean 2,3 DPG values for 22 units were 147.6, 113.5, and 82.3 percent of initial value after storage for 3, 4, and 5 weeks, respectively. Maintenance of 2,3 DPG was at the expense of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which fell to as low as 22.2 percent of initial value after 5 weeks. Despite the low ATP values, the 24 hour 51Cr-labeled red cell recoveries averaged 80.8 and 74.1 percent after 4 and 5 weeks of storage, respectively. The AS-4 system provides a red cell product with acceptable viability and improved oxygen off-loading function.
authors.affiliation: Cutter Biological, Division of Miles Laboratories, Inc., Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Carmen
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sohmer
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Myhre
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moroff
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000097:blood; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D004163:Diphosphoglyceric Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D004355:Drug Stability; D004905:Erythrocyte Aging / Q000187:drug effects; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012996:Solutions; D013227:Steam; D013242:Sterilization
chemical_list: D004163:Diphosphoglyceric Acids; D012996:Solutions; D013227:Steam; D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; C011669:ascorbate-2-phosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001205:Ascorbic Acid