title: Cosmetic upper blepharoplasty.
abstract: The anatomy of the upper eyelid is complex; however, those structures that make it complex are not involved in routine cosmetic blepharoplasty. The most common reason for patients seeking cosmetic surgery of the upper eyelids is excess skin and its associated heaviness. Appropriate removal of skin, preseptal orbicularis oculi muscle, submuscular fat, and orbital fat will achieve consistently good results.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine, California.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Gradinger
mesh_terms: D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*