title: A new conventional and high-frequency ventilator for small animals.
abstract: A pressure limited, time controlled ventilator has been designed especially for studies on experimental animals with severe respiratory distress syndrome (SRDS). Inspiration: Expiration (I:E) ratio (1:99-99:1) and frequency can be changed independently. Frequency ranged from 1 to 199/min in conventional ventilation (CV), while in high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) from 1 to 30 Hz. The gas delivery system consists of 3 magnetic valves (inspiration, expiration and HFJV, respectively) to ensure superposition of CV with HFJ or to use them separately. A monitoring unit switches off inspiration gas sources during HFJV if intratracheal pressure exceeds the alarm threshold. The device has been used in the following animal models: premature newborn rabbits with surfactant deficient lungs, emphysematous rats and guinea pigs as well as dogs and rabbits with SRDS due to lung lavage. Ventilation was most effective with an I:E ratio of 4:1 during pressure controlled CV, whereas during HFJV optimum gas exchange could be maintained with an I:E ratio of 1:4 and a frequency of 15 Hz in beagle dogs and 10 Hz in rabbits, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Experimental Haemodynamics, Berlin-Buch, GDR.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Merker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oddoy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adloff
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Becher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004867:Equipment Design; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006612:High-Frequency Ventilation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000009:adverse effects; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen