title: Urinary albumin excretion in normal subjects and in diabetic patients measured by a radioimmunoassay: methodological and clinical aspects.
abstract: We have developed a radioimmunoassay method (RIA) to measure urinary albumin excretion. We determined the albumin excretion rate (AER) (micrograms/min) of 122 healthy subjects and 145 diabetic patients (115 type I, 30 type II). The results indicate that the RIA is sensitive (0.39 +/- 0.08 mg/L), precise (CV 5-8%), and gives reliable results on previously frozen urine samples. The distribution of the AER values in healthy subjects and diabetic patients was not normal. It was normalized by log or square-root transformation of the data. Seventy-three percent of diabetic patients lay within the normal range (0.6-10.6 micrograms/min). Twenty percent could be considered "at risk" to develop overt diabetic nephropathy because their albuminuria exceeded a threshold level of 15 micrograms/min chosen previously as the cutoff value for microalbuminuria. We found no correlation between AER and glycated hemoglobin, and only a weak correlation between AER and diabetes duration in type I diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Malattie del Ricambio, Istituto di Clinica Medica II, Universita' di Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Giampietro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miccoli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clerico
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Palma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertolotto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anichini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cristofani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navalesi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine*; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012015:Reference Standards