title: Complications of blepharoplasty.
abstract: Various involutional eyelid changes, such as fine rhytids, dynamic laugh lines in the lateral canthal area, secondary malar bags, and dermal pigmentation are not effectively treated by a blepharoplasty. Preoperative discussions are important to ensure that adequate expectations are held. Too often, a patient is informed that fine rhytids and dermal pigmentation can be successfully treated with lid surgery alone. The importance of the preoperative interview in determining patient expectations cannot be minimized. Preoperative ophthalmic and periocular examination is essential to identify any pre-existing pathology. Even though the surgical approach is adapted to the individual needs of each patient, the most meticulous of surgeons is predetermined to encounter his or her share of complications. There is a fine line between a "complication" and a common, but unwanted, sequela of surgery. Patients, overwhelmingly, do have some widening of their palpebral fissures, even following conservative surgery. Unfortunately, this occasionally creates ocular irritation or gross discomfort in allergic or borderline dry eyed patients. Lower eyelid bowing is so common even in the face of minimal skin resection that we do not consider it a "complication" if it does not produce a functional problem. It is humbling for all surgeons to review their blepharoplasty problems and helpful to recognize that, statistically, we are all due to face these events eventually.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, New York, New York.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Lisman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D005130:Eye Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology