title: Effect of ischaemia on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in the isolated rat superior mesenteric artery.
abstract: The isolated perfused rat superior mesenteric artery preparation was used to determine whether endothelium-dependent vasodilatation occurs in this vessel, and to test whether impairment of this function may contribute to post-ischaemic mesenteric vasospasm. It was found that vessels preconstricted with noradrenaline responded to optimal concentrations of acetylcholine (3 X 10(-5) M), ADP (2 X 10(-5) M) and to isolated homologous platelets (500,000/mm3) with an 84%, 85% and 37% decrease in mean perfusion resistance, respectively. In preparations treated with collagenase to denude the vessels of endothelium there was a significantly diminished response to acetylcholine and ADP (24% & 23% decrease in resistance, respectively). Platelets, on the other hand, caused a further 34% increase in resistance. A model of mesenteric ischaemia was produced by interrupting perfusate flow through the preparation for intervals of 1 to 4 h. This was associated with morphological evidence of endothelial cell damage and with a progressive decline in the responsiveness to acetylcholine and ADP. After 1 h there was also a significant reduction in the response to platelets. With intervals of ischaemia longer than 2 h platelets caused only further constriction which could be inhibited by the serotonin antagonist, methysergide. This study suggests that an altered response of the endothelium to platelet-derived vasoactive substances may contribute to the post-ischaemic vasospasm encountered during reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zambetis
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Grossman
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008784:Methysergide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000109:Acetylcholine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D008784:Methysergide