title: Inhibitory effects of (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde on the metabolic activity of boar spermatozoa in vitro.
abstract: (S)-alpha-Chlorohydrin and 3-chloro-1-hydroxyacetone inhibited the oxidative metabolism of fructose by boar spermatozoa only after a period of incubation in which they presumably underwent conversion to (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde, an inhibitor of sperm glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. With glycerol as substrate, 3-chloro-1-hydroxyacetone had a similar effect, (S)-alpha-chlorohydrin was ineffective while (R,S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde was immediately effective with either substrate. All three compounds caused the accumulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate from fructose but not from glycerol which led to the conclusion that inhibition of triosephosphate isomerase was also associated with the anti-glycolytic action of (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde. (S)-3-Chlorolactaldehyde caused the depletion of ATP in incubates of boar spermatozoa metabolizing fructose but not glycerol. This suggests that futile substrate cycling may play an important function in the anti-glycolytic action of (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde and/or that boar spermatozoa can synthesize ATP from glycerol by a mechanism not involving the glycolytic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cooney
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D007536:Isomerism; D008297:Male; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000096:Acetone; C045799:3-chlorolactaldehyde; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol; C027160:1-hydroxy-3-chloroacetone