title: The brachioradialis: anatomy, properties, and value for tendon transfer in the tetraplegic.
abstract: We have studied the brachioradialis muscle both physiologically and clinically for its suitability for tendon transfer in the tetraplegic. Intraoperative measurements have shown that the muscle is strong, provides excellent excursion, and is commonly available for transfer in the absence of other candidate muscles. The anatomic features that limit its use can be overcome during the operation. Postsurgical assessment of the muscle using electromyography and muscle-force measurement have shown that the muscle is voluntarily activated and provides strength for the intended function. Our experience with transfer of the brachioradialis to the hand of a tetraplegic patient has been highly positive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Freehafer
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Peckham
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Keith
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Mendelson
mesh_terms: D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009132:Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000601:surgery*; D013709:Tendon Transfer