title: Heparinization reduces endothelial permeability and hydrogen ion accumulation in a canine skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion model.
abstract: Skeletal muscle injury after revascularization (ischemia-reperfusion) continues to be a major clinical problem. Although heparinization has been recommended, its action in an experimental model of I-R has not been evaluated. We investigated the ability of heparinization to decrease I-R injury in 10 anesthetized dogs (nonheparinized, n = 5; heparinized, n = 5), subjecting one gracilis muscle to 6 hours of ischemia followed by 1 hour of reperfusion while the identically prepared contralateral muscle served as a nonischemic control. Skeletal muscle infarction was determined by Tc-PYP uptake. Endothelial permeability was quantified by measurement of skeletal muscle 125I-Alb activity after intravenous injection. Interstitial hydrogen ion (H+) accumulation was determined by a miniature pH electrode inserted into the gracilis muscle. Isotopic activities from the ischemic muscle were calculated as a percentage of the contralateral nonischemic muscle (mean +/- SEM). Nonheparinized ischemic muscles had an increase in the activities of Tc-PYP and 125I-Alb of 684% +/- 149% and 742% +/- 130%, which were reduced to 218% +/- 54% and 378% +/- 85% by heparinization, respectively (p less than 0.05). During ischemia, the nonheparinized muscles accumulated 1223 +/- 121 nmol of H+ compared with 785 +/- 95 nmol in the heparinized animals (p less than 0.01). This significant reduction in I-R injury may be causally related to diminished endothelial permeability and H+ accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Mass.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hobson
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kerr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D004285:Dogs; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D010477:Perfusion
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin