Antibody response in humans to influenza virus type B host-cell-derived variants after vaccination with standard (egg-derived) vaccine or natural infection.
Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralization tests were used to determine antibody responses to egg-derived and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-derived influenza B virus (B/England/222/82) in paired sera from persons naturally infected with influenza B and in persons vaccinated with standard egg-derived inactivated influenza vaccine. When tested by HI, the MDCK-derived antigen gave significantly higher (8- to 12-fold) geometric mean titers (GMT) in convalescent-phase sera from persons naturally infected during community outbreaks, as well as more 4-fold titer rises, than did tests with egg-derived antigen. When tested by neutralization, however, the convalescent-phase sera GMTs were only threefold higher with the MDCK-derived antigen and an equivalent number of fourfold titer rises were detected with both antigens. With postvaccine sera, the MDCK-derived antigen gave GMTs that were threefold higher than those obtained with egg-derived antigen in both the HI and neutralization tests and both antigens detected an equivalent number of fourfold titer rises in HI and neutralization tests. Sucrose gradient-fractionated egg-derived antigen showed a single peak of hemagglutinin activity corresponding to whole virions, whereas MDCK-derived antigen contained two distinct peaks of hemagglutinin activity, one of which had a lower sedimentation rate. The overall findings indicate that the egg-derived antigen in the vaccine induced HI and neutralizing antibody to both egg- and MDCK-derived variants and suggest that titers of antibody to MDCK-derived virus may be affected by the physical form of the hemagglutinin antigen.
Harmon
M W
MW
Influenza Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Rota
P A
PA
Walls
H H
HH
Kendal
A P
AP
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D014611:Vaccination
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines