title: Augmentation cystoplasty in the failed exstrophy reconstruction.
abstract: Of the 148 patients with bladder exstrophy seen at this institution during the last 10 years 12 have ultimately required bladder augmentation. In 4 cases augmentation was performed for an inadequate bladder capacity, upper tract decompensation and dry interval of less than 1 hour after bladder neck reconstruction and epispadias repair. Likewise, 3 patients underwent augmentation for an inadequate bladder capacity and dry interval of less than 2 hours after bladder neck reconstruction and epispadias repair. Of these 7 patients 3 had undergone 2 previous bladder neck reconstructions, while 4 had undergone 1 prior repair. Five augmentations were performed for an inadequate bladder capacity before any type of continence procedure had been done. Nine patients underwent adjunctive procedures in addition to bladder augmentation, including a Young-Dees-Leadbetter procedure in 4, an artificial urinary sphincter in 3, transureteroureterostomy and psoas hitch in 1, and a Mitrofanoff procedure and bladder neck closure in 1. Of the 12 patients 11 are continent, although 9 require intermittent catheterization. There were no major complications. However, 1 artificial urinary sphincter was removed for erosion 2 years after placement. Augmentation cystoplasty has provided prolonged stability of the upper tracts and continence in these patients, and it has proved to be a successful alternative to urinary diversion in this select group of exstrophy failures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gearhart
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Jeffs
mesh_terms: D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012086:Reoperation; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery