title: A follow-up investigation of offspring of parents with bipolar disorder.
abstract: Seven male children who each had a manic-depressive parent (five alos had a parent with unipolar depression) and 12 control children were studied. The proband children had shown a range of adjustment problems as infants and toddlers. Four years later, they continued to have substantial behavior problems, including ones that could be classified as DSM-III psychiatric diagnoses. On the basis of psychiatric interviews and psychological assessments, the proband children received more DSM-III diagnoses than the control children. Proband children reported internalizing symptoms; this pattern was corroborated by their mothers, who also characterized these children as showing antisocial behavior patterns.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Psychology, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zahn-Waxler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayfield
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radke-Yarrow
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: McKnew
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cytryn
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Davenport
mesh_terms: D000275:Adjustment Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged