title: Computer-analyzed dietary intake printouts: guidelines for their design and student comprehension.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of individuals to comprehend and interpret information on nutrient analysis computer program printouts and to assess their understanding of certain concepts closely related to such printouts, specifically the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and vitamin and mineral supplementation. The study sample comprised 553 college students who were randomly assigned to one of seven groups. Each group received a nutrient analysis computer printout that varied in terms of type, amount, and format of information supplied. Printouts with varying characteristics were used in order to identify those elements that contributed to the greatest and most correct understanding and interpretation. A 30-item objective knowledge test was used to assess understanding and ability to interpret information on the printouts. Research results indicate that most individuals had misconceptions concerning the RDAs and vitamin and mineral supplementation. Recommendations were made for improving the information provided on printouts regarding these two topics. Subjects had little difficulty in reading the printout correctly. However, groups whose printouts included only nutrient data generally had more difficulty using the information to draw appropriate conclusions and identify ways to improve dietary intake than did individuals whose printouts included short messages listing sources and functions of nutrients. Data presented in graphic format were more easily understood than data in spreadsheet form. Eight design recommendations intended to assist nutritionists and software designers in selecting and/or creating printouts were made on the basis of the results of this study.
authors.affiliation: Home Economics Department, Montclair State College, Upper Montclair, New Jersey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Byrd-Bredbenner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Antanitis
mesh_terms: D003196:Computer Graphics; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education*; D009753:Nutritive Value