ELISA measurement of antibody titer to purified protein derivative and mycobacteria-derived phosphoglycolipids: tool for diagnosing active pulmonary tuberculosis.
There is a continuous search for a rapid, efficient and reliable serodiagnostic technique for active tuberculosis (TB). Using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay) we have determined antibodies reactive to purified protein derivative (PPD) and two phosphoglycolipids extracted from Mycobacterium bovis cell wall, phosphatidyl inositol dimannoside (PID) and phosphatidyl inositol pentamannoside (PIP). Twenty-one patients of Ethiopian origin with active pulmonary TB and 20 healthy control subjects vaccinated with BCG in infancy were evaluated. A significantly higher level of immunoglobins reactive with the antigens was found among the patients with active pulmonary TB. The mean +/- SD of the OD units (x 10(3)) recorded in the sera of TB patients compared with control subjects were as follows: using PPD 250 +/- 210 vs. 120 +/- 150 (P less than 0.025); with PID 1,150 +/- 470 vs. 750 +/- 150 (P less than 0.01); and with PIP 1,170 +/- 500 vs. 780 +/- 160 (P less than 0.025). Accordingly, the sensitivity and specificity levels were: with PPD 81 and 75%, with PID 82 and 80% and with PIP 73 and 70%, respectively. Much more accuracy can be obtained by calculating the results of reactivity toward the combined free antigen assays. It is suggested that ELISA using mycobacterial derived antigens might be useful in the diagnosis and screening of active pulmonary TB in large populations, due to its rapidity and simplicity.
Teplizki
H
H
Research Unit of Autoimmune Diseases, Corob Research Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Buskila
D
D
Alkan
M
M
Coates
A R
AR
Baumgarten
A
A
Shoenfeld
Y
Y
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; C054977:phosphatidylinositol dimannoside; C034154:phosphatidylinositol mannoside; C054978:phosphatidylinositol pentamannoside