title: Cephalometric and anthropomorphic observations of Binder's syndrome: a study of 19 patients.
abstract: Binder's syndrome (maxillonasal dysplasia) is a disorder characterized by nasomaxillary hypoplasia. To ascertain the extent of underdevelopment of the midfacial skeleton and soft tissues, 19 of 29 patients with Binder's syndrome were retrospectively evaluated, both with cephalometry and anthropometry. Ten females and nine males were placed collectively into three age groups: 6 years, 10 years, and 16 to 17 years. Cephalometric measurements disclosed a short anterior cranial base (S-N), a normal length of the vertical maxilla (SE-PNS), a decreased horizontal maxilla (PNS-A, Co-A), a recessed orbitale (SNO), and a high-normal mandibular length (Co-Gn). Anthropometry revealed a large nasofrontal angle, acute nasal inclination and nasolabial angle, decreased nasal prominence (Sn-Prn), a decreased columellar length (C-Sn), and a normal vertical nose (N-Sn) and upper lip (Sn-Sto) length.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Horswell
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Levant
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Barnett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D001848:Bone Diseases, Developmental / Q000473:pathology*; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D009666:Nose; D010780:Photogrammetry / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome