title: Prolonged ventilation of the premature newborn rabbit after treatment with natural or apoprotein-based artificial surfactant.
abstract: Premature rabbit neonates (gestational age 27 days) were treated at birth with natural surfactant purified from chloroform extracts of porcine lung lipids either by acetone precipitation (Surfactant CK, n = 10) or liquid gel chromatography (Curosurf, n = 22). Another group of animals received artificial surfactant "reconstituted" from isolated low molecular weight (less than or equal to 15 K) apoproteins and synthetic dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) (Aposurf, n = 10). The phospholipid concentrations of the preparations were adjusted to provide the same individual dose of DPPC for each group of treated animals (3 or 4 mg). In comparison with untreated controls from the same litters, there was a 4-7-fold enhancement of lung-thorax compliance in all groups of surfactant-treated animals during a 3-h period of artificial ventilation. The average initial (20 min) compliance value was lower in the Aposurf-treated group than in animals receiving natural surfactant preparations, but the difference between the groups gradually diminished and was no longer statistically significant during the 2nd and 3rd h of artificial ventilation. Judged from the fall in tidal volume during ventilation with a short expiration phase (0.17 instead of 0.75 s), the apoprotein-based artificial surfactant was also less effective in stabilizing the lungs. A similar conclusion could be drawn from data on alveolar expansion in histological sections, evaluated by automated image analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors: Department of Paediatrics, St. Göran's Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Robertson
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Curstedt
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Grossmann
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kobayashi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kokubo
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D015060:1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001059:Apoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects*; D008170:Lung Compliance / Q000187:drug effects; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001059:Apoproteins; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D015060:1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; C030345:1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol