title: Nalbuphine combined with midazolam for outpatient sedation. An assessment of safety in volunteers.
abstract: Eighteen healthy volunteers were studied in a double-blind trial to determine which dose of nalbuphine (0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg) may be combined with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg to provide a safe outpatient intravenous sedative technique. The ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and end tidal PCO2 were measured before and after the drugs were administered. A mild degree of respiratory depression occurred, which was maximal at 3-30 minutes after injection. This was not related to dose except that nalbuphine 0.05 mg/kg resulted in the slowest respiratory rates. The implications of these findings for clinical practice are discussed.
authors: Anaesthetics Laboratory, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London.
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Sury
authors: P V
authors: PV
authors: Cole
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009019:Morphinans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009266:Nalbuphine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D009019:Morphinans; D009266:Nalbuphine; D008874:Midazolam