title: [Pulsed Doppler sonographic determination of absolute flow velocities in the anterior cerebral artery in infants with hydrocephalus in comparison with a healthy patient sample].
abstract: In 52 infants (weight: 3174 +/- 1165 g; gestational age: 41.3 +/- 6.5 weeks) with hydrocephalus pulsed doppler recordings were obtained in the anterior cerebral arteries. For comparison 52 healthy infants (weight: 3148 +/- 1118 g; gestational age: 40.6 +/- 5.7 weeks) were investigated. In all children the maximal systolic velocity, the end-systolic velocity, the end-diastolic velocity and the pulsatility-index were measured. In the healthy control group the maximal systolic velocity was 43 +/- 14 cm x s-1, the end-systolic velocity 20 +/- 8 cm x s-1, the end-diastolic velocity 11 +/- 5 cm x s-1 and the pulsatility index was 0.75 +/- 0.10. All 9 children with minimal ventricular dilation without progression showed normal flow profiles with normal flow velocities and pulsatility-index in the anterior cerebral arteries. 17 infants with moderate, slowly progressive ventricular enlargement showed significant increase of the maximal systolic velocity (60 +/- 27 cm x s-1) and the pulsatility-index PI (0.82 +/- 0.14). There was no difference in the end-systolic and end-diastolic velocities to the healthy control group. 26 children with marked and rapid progressive hydrocephalus showed significant decrease of the end-systolic and end-diastolic velocities and an increase in the pulsatility-index. The end-systolic velocity was 15 +/- 7 cm x s-1, the end-diastolic velocity was 4 +/- 7 cm x s-1 and the pulsatility-index measured 0.91 +/- 0.18. There was no difference in the maximal systolic velocity which measured 41 +/- 17 cm x s-1. All children with increased intracranial pressure showed a pathological flow profile with a decrease of diastolic forward flow. Absent or retrograde diastolic flow in rapid progressive hydrocephalus may lead to a decrease of brain perfusion resulting in hypoxemic ischemic brain lesions. After implantation of a ventriculo-atrial shunt an increase in the end-systolic and end-diastolic velocities and a decrease of the pulsatility-index could be shown. Shunt insufficiency can be shown early by a decrease in diastolic forward flow.
authors: Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Deeg
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Paul
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Rupprecht
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Harms
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Mang
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D004453:Echoencephalography; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn
vernacular_title: Gepulste dopplersonographische Bestimmung absoluter Flussgeschwindigkeiten in der Arteria cerebri anterior bei Säuglingen mit Hydrocephalus im Vergleich zu einem gesunden Kontrollkollektiv.