Fluorine-19 NMR imaging of glucose metabolism.
Metabolic imaging reflecting glucose metabolism in the glycolytic and aldose reductase sorbitol (ARS) pathways was performed noninvasively in rat using fluorinated glucose analogs, 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-FDG) or 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-glucose (3-FDG), and fluorine-19 (19F) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. 19F images of 2-FDG-6-phosphate, a main metabolite of 2-FDG in the glycolytic pathway, showed high glucose utilization in the brain, spinal cord, and heart. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-sorbitol (3-FDSL), a main metabolite of 3-FDG in the ARS pathway, demonstrated the heterogeneous nature of the spatial distribution of aldose reductase activities, being highest in the brain and lens. The extremely low toxicity of 3-FDG indicates promise for clinical application of 3-FDG NMR imaging.
Nakada
T
T
Neurochemistry Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Martinez, California 94553.
Kwee
I L
IL
Card
P J
PJ
Matwiyoff
N A
NA
Griffey
B V
BV
Griffey
R H
RH
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism
D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; C007253:3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D005947:Glucose