title: A retrospective cohort mortality study of males mining and milling attapulgite clay.
abstract: To evaluate the possible health effects of occupational exposure to a nonasbestos mineral fiber, a cohort of 2,302 males employed for at least 1 month between 1940 and 1975 at an attapulgite (clay fiber) mining and milling facility was followed through 1975. A significant deficit of mortality (SMR = 43, 90% CI 23-76) from nonmalignant respiratory disease (NMRD) was observed for the cohort based on age-, calendar year-, and race-specific rates for U.S. males. A marked deficit of NMRD was seen regardless of presumed dust exposure level, induction-latency period, or duration employed. A statistically significant excess of mortality from lung cancer was observed among whites (SMR = 193, 90% CI 121-293), but a deficit occurred among nonwhites (SMR = 53, 90% CI 21-112). Lung cancer risk in either race was not altered substantially with presumed dust exposure level, induction-latency period, or duration employed with one exception-those employed for at least 5 years in high-exposure-level jobs.
authors: Division of Surveillance, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Waxweiler
authors: R D
authors: RD
authors: Zumwalde
authors: G O
authors: GO
authors: Ness
authors: D P
authors: DP
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D004391:Dust / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D008297:Male; D008906:Mining; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012825:Silicon / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017655:Silicon Compounds
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D008274:Magnesium; C026325:attapulgite; D012825:Silicon