title: Dermal toxicity of Fusarium toxins in combinations.
abstract: T 2 toxin (T 2), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), fusarenon X (FX) and butenolide (Bd) at concentrations of 0.2, 0.3, 5 and 10 micrograms/site, respectively, were applied individually and in combinations on shaved skin of guinea pigs. Erythema and induration were observed on skin patches treated with the toxins. Increase in the thickness of stratum malpighii was the major histological change observed. Mild to moderate degeneration of fibrocytes and cellular infiltration were found in the corium of skin treated with FX, Bd, DAS and T 2. The order of toxicity of individual toxins was T 2 greater than DAS greater than FX greater than Bd. Combinations of T 2 + FX and T 2 + Bd resulted in antagonism, while DAS + FX and DAS + Bd caused synergism.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Sanitation, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.
authors: T N
authors: TN
authors: Bhavanishankar
authors: H P
authors: HP
authors: Ramesh
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Shantha
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005663:Furans / Q000633:toxicity*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005663:Furans; D009183:Mycotoxins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014255:Trichothecenes; C002469:fusarenon-X; C004511:butenolide; D013605:T-2 Toxin; D015107:4-Butyrolactone; C001809:diacetoxyscirpenol