title: The echo-transponder electrode catheter: a new method for mapping the left ventricle.
abstract: The ability to locate catheter position in the left ventricle with respect to endocardial landmarks might enhance the accuracy of ventricular tachycardia mapping. An echo-transponder system (Telectronics, Inc.) was compared with biplane fluoroscopy for left ventricular endocardial mapping. A 6F electrode catheter was modified with the addition of a piezoelectric crystal 5 mm from the tip. This crystal was connected to a transponder that received and transmitted ultrasound, resulting in a discrete artifact on the two-dimensional echocardiographic image corresponding to the position of the catheter tip. Catheters were introduced percutaneously into the left ventricle of nine anesthetized dogs. Two-dimensional echo-transponder and biplane fluoroscopic images were recorded on videotape with the catheter at multiple endocardial sites. Catheter location was marked by delivering radiofrequency current to the distal electrode, creating a small endocardial lesion. Catheter location by echo-transponder and by fluoroscopy were compared with lesion location without knowledge of other data. Location by echo-transponder was 8.7 +/- 5.1 mm from the center of the radiofrequency lesion versus 14 + 7.8 mm by fluoroscopy (n = 15, p = 0.023). Echo-transponder localization is more precise than is biplane fluoroscopy and may enhance the accuracy of left ventricular electrophysiologic mapping.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Langberg
authors: J O
authors: JO
authors: Franklin
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Landzberg
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Herre
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Kee
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Chin
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Bharati
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Lev
authors: R B
authors: RB
authors: Himelman
authors: N B
authors: NB
authors: Schiller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004285:Dogs; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male