A novel method for selection of invasive tumor cells: derivation and characterization of highly metastatic K1735 melanoma cell lines based on in vitro and in vivo invasive capacity.
Tumor cell invasion of basement membranes is required at several steps in the process of metastasis. To study the genetic and biochemical events mediating invasion, a variant cell line (TK) was selected from the metastatic M2 K1735 murine melanoma cell line. A novel selection procedure was used, based on in vitro and in vivo invasion and growth upon basement membrane and stroma. Additionally, two extrapulmonary metastases of the TK cell line, TK-Eve and TK-Liver, were established as cell lines and characterized. The TK cell line demonstrates greater metastatic potential in vivo and invasive ability in vitro than the parent M2 cell line, confirming the validity of the selection procedure. In addition, the M2 and TK cell lines were examined for other cell functions involved in the metastatic process. Cellular growth rates and sensitivity to T lymphocyte and natural killer cell lysis were not determining factors in the metastatic potentials of the M2 and selected cell lines; possible macrophage contribution to metastatic behavior was noted. [35S]methionine pulse labeling of protein synthesis and karyotypic analysis confirm the close relationship of parental and selected cell lines.
Kalebic
T
T
Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Williams
J E
JE
Talmadge
J E
JE
Kao-Shan
C S
CS
Kravitz
B
B
Locklear
K
K
Siegal
G P
GP
Liotta
L A
LA
Sobel
M E
ME
Steeg
P S
PS
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis