Mitral stenosis: mitral dome excursion at M1 and the mitral opening snap--the concept of reciprocal heart sounds.
The dynamics of the delayed accentuated mitral component (M1) of the first heart sound and the MOS were studied in 11 patients with mitral stenosis of varying severity. Echophonocardiographic (M-mode and 2D) studies were performed with analysis of LA dimensions, dynamics, and mitral valve excursion at the time of M1 and MOS. LA area and length, mitral annular diameter, and mitral dome area (from anulus plane to fused valve tip) and length were measured at M1 and MOS. Significant dynamic increases in mitral dome area and length occurred from M1 to MOS, with less striking but consistent increases in LA area, LA length, and mitral annular diameter. Conversely, mitral dome area and length decreased significantly from MOS to M1, with less striking but consistent decreases in LA area, LA length, and mitral annular diameter. Frame-by-frame video tape analysis showed that dome movement was separate from anulus motion. Mitral dome descent into the left ventricle terminated at MOS and reversal of dome motion terminated at M1. The conformational and dimensional changes that terminated abruptly at MOS reversed and terminated abruptly in a reciprocal manner at the time of the delayed, accentuated M1. When considered in light of known hemodynamic, pressure pulse, and imaging correlates in mitral stenosis, these observations strengthen the hypothesis that the mechanisms involved in the production of M1 and MOS in mitral stenosis are paired or reciprocal in nature, and the delayed, accentuated M1 and the MOS of mitral stenosis are reciprocal cardiovascular sounds.
Barrington
W W
WW
University of Pittsburgh, Pa.
Boudoulas
H
H
Bashore
T
T
Olson
S
S
Wooley
C F
CF
D000328:Adult; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006326:Heart Auscultation; D006347:Heart Sounds; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000503:physiopathology; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010701:Phonocardiography