Masculine gender-role stress: predictor of anger, anxiety, and health-risk behaviors.
We suggest that male gender-role identification affects whether specific situations are appraised as stressful. A questionnaire was developed to measure masculine gender-role stress (MGRS). Correlational data and multiple regression were used to validate the MGRS scale as a measure of gender-related stress in men, and compare its predictive utility with Spence's commonly-used measure of masculinity. Findings indicate that stress appraisal is gender related, that is, men experience more masculine-role stress than women. Further, the construct of MGRS was distinguished from the concept of masculinity. Finally, MGRS predicted increased anger, increased anxiety, and poorer health behaviors.
Eisler
R M
RM
Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
Skidmore
J R
JR
Ward
C H
CH
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007062:Identification, Psychological; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D010556:Personality Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012309:Risk-Taking