title: Synchronous and metachronous transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract: prevalence, incidence, and radiographic detection.
abstract: Six hundred forty-five cases of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, ureter, and/or kidney were reviewed retrospectively to determine the frequency of synchronous and metachronous lesions elsewhere in the urinary tract. Among 597 patients with TCC of the bladder, 23 (3.9%) developed an upper-tract lesion, after an average delay of 61 months. Metachronous upper-tract tumors developed in 13% of 38 patients with primary ureteral TCC and in 11% of 63 with renal TCC, after average delays of 28 and 22 months, respectively. Synchronous TCC was found in 2.3% of patients with bladder TCC, 39% of those with ureteral TCC, and 24% of those with renal TCC. Seventeen percent of the subsequent upper-tract lesions would have been demonstrated by intravenous or retrograde urography performed 1 year after the initial onset of primary bladder cancer, and 61% would have been demonstrated by studies performed within 2 years. Therefore, the authors recommend annual radiologic evaluation of the upper urinary tract for 2 years after initial diagnosis and treatment of an upper-tract or bladder TCC.
authors: Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205.
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Yousem
authors: O M
authors: OM
authors: Gatewood
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: Goldman
authors: F F
authors: FF
authors: Marshall
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014567:Urography; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology