title: Different developmental functions for calmodulin in Dictyostelium: trifluoperazine and R24571 both inhibit cell and pronuclear fusion but enhance gamete formation.
abstract: The calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and compound R24571 were used to study the function of calmodulin during sexual development in Dictyostelium discoideum. Calmodulin activity is required for both cell fusion and pronuclear fusion. However, cell fusion and pronuclear fusion were each maximally inhibited at different concentrations of the same inhibitor suggesting differential calmodulin activity during these events. In contrast, trifluoperazine and R24571 were both found to enhance rather than inhibit the formation of gametes. This suggests an additional role for calmodulin as a negative regulator of gamete development. These results provide evidence of a role for calmodulin as both a positive (biomembrane fusion) and a negative (gamete development) regulator of developmental events in Dictyostelium. They also reveal calmodulin as a mediator of pronuclear fusion for zygote development in this eukaryote.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Erindale College, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lydan
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: O'Day
mesh_terms: D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D002459:Cell Fusion / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000254:growth & development*; D005718:Gametogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000187:drug effects; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D015053:Zygote / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D007093:Imidazoles; D014268:Trifluoperazine; C031938:calmidazolium