title: [Embryonic development of the sea urchin after low-temperature preservation].
abstract: The sea urchin embryos were cooled to -196 degrees by two-step freezing with the use of 1-1.5 M dimethyl sulfoxide as a cryoprotectant. The embryos were equilibrated with the cryoprotectant for 20-30 min at 0 +/- 2 degrees. At -7 degrees ice crystallization was induced and the embryos were cooled to -38-42 degrees at a rate of 6-8 degrees /min. The embryos were then transferred into liquid nitrogen. The embryos were thawed in a water bath at 19 degrees. No less than 90% of the embryos frozen at the stages of blastula, gastrula, or pluteus were capable of recovery and normal development. The length of cryopreservation did not affect the survival of the embryos.
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Gakhova
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Krasts
authors.forename: T Kh
authors.initials: TKh
authors.lastname: Naĭdenko
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Savel'eva
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Bessonov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D005615:Freezing; D011309:Preservation, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000196:embryology*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents
vernacular_title: Razvitie zarodysheĭ morskogo ezha posle nizkotemperaturnoĭ konservatsii.