title: Anticoccidial evaluation of halofuginone, lasalocid, maduramicin, monensin and salinomycin.
abstract: The activities of five anticoccidials were compared against Eimeria species in/of chickens, in controlled in vivo and in vitro laboratory studies. Two more recent and potent market entries (maduramicin and halofuginone) were compared with three older polyether antibiotic anticoccidials (monensin, lasalocid and salinomycin). Halofuginone, lasalocid, maduramicin, monensin and salinomycin were evaluated at 3, 125, 5, 120 and 66 ppm, respectively, of active drug in the diets. At these levels, all five drugs demonstrated significant activity against Eimeria tenella, E. maxima, E. necatrix, E. brunetti and E. acervulina (in vivo). Monensin was least effective against E. tenella, and one of the lesser efficacious drugs against E. necatrix, maduramicin, was least effective against E. maxima. In studies of single Eimeria species infections, comparable weight gains were noted for the drugs. In the mixed Eimeria species infections, however, birds treated with maduramicin had significantly higher weight gains than did birds medicated with monensin. Unlike in vivo potencies, titration in vitro indicated that monensin was most potent (active at 10(-6) mcg ml-1), and maduramicin and lasalocid least potent (inactive at less than or equal to 10(-3) mcg ml-1).
authors.affiliation: Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI 49001.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Folz
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Nowakowski
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Conder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001835:Body Weight; D002645:Chickens / Q000469:parasitology*; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003049:Coccidiostats / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004539:Eimeria / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007832:Lasalocid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008985:Monensin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010880:Piperidines; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D052999:Quinazolinones; D000095662:Polyether Polyketides
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003049:Coccidiostats; D007476:Ionophores; D007783:Lactones; D007832:Lasalocid; D008985:Monensin; D010880:Piperidines; D011714:Pyrans; D011799:Quinazolines; D052999:Quinazolinones; C018091:maduramicin; C010327:salinomycin; D000095662:Polyether Polyketides; C010176:halofuginone