title: Use of polar solvents in chemoprevention of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer.
abstract: To examine the effect of the polar solvents on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer, 100 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to a control and three treatment groups. Treated animals received N-methylformamide (NMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), or methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) added to drinking water 1 week before carcinogen injections commenced and for the duration of the experiment. Primary tumors were detected by serial laparotomy under ether anesthesia performed at 2-month intervals and commencing after carcinogen injections had been completed. The average time to tumor onset was significantly delayed in rats receiving NMF and MSM (P = 0.0141 and 0.0398 respectively, Mantel-Haenszel test). In addition, fewer poorly differentiated tumors were noted in treatment groups. No weight loss or toxicity was observed. These findings demonstrate that the polar solvents significantly reduce the latent period to tumor onset in DMH-induced colon cancer and indicate the need to further investigate such compounds as chemopreventive agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus 43210.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: O'Dwyer
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Sickle-Santanello
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Woltering
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004127:Dimethylhydrazines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005559:Formamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008763:Methylhydrazines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012997:Solvents; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004127:Dimethylhydrazines; D005559:Formamides; D008763:Methylhydrazines; D012997:Solvents; D013450:Sulfones; C025910:dimethyl sulfone; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; C002950:methylformamide; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide