title: In-plane flow velocity quantification along the phase encoding axis in MRI.
abstract: In-plane flow quantification in MRI offers the potential for assessing vessel patency, and both volume flow rate and flow velocity. These techniques will have definite future impact on MR angiography. The method used in this paper employs motion artifact suppression technique (MAST) gradients to refocus spins travelling along any of the three imaging axes while encoding the velocity component along the phase encoding axis. This method has several advantages over in-plane flow quantification along the read axis. Primarily, flow voids due to complete spin dephasing can be eliminated (or reduced), wider velocity limits can be measured, and gradients can be designed which are sensitive to only velocity along the phase axis with no additional effect from higher order derivatives, or motion along the read axis. Flow phantom studies, carried out on 19 mm inside diameter glass tubes, have produced accurate results for flow rates ranging from 0.6 gallons per minute (GPM) to 2.5 GPM, corresponding to a mean velocity range from 13.2 cm/sec to 55.3 cm/sec. Reynolds numbers varied from 2,700 to 11,500. Errors were less than or equal to 8% over the range of flow rates studied.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital, Radiology Dept., Ohio 44109.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Duerk
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pattany
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008961:Models, Structural