title: Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus intakes of infants and children: Bogalusa Heart Study.
abstract: Electrolyte and mineral intakes assessed by 24-hour dietary recall were examined for race and sex differences in cohorts of infants and school-age children at 6 months and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 13, 15, and 17 years. A fourfold increase in sodium intake occurred from 6 months to 4 years, and potassium intake doubled. Sodium increased from 0.88 gm at 6 months to 3.21 gm at 4 years and 3.67 gm by 17 years; a slight increase for potassium was noted from 4 to 17 years for boys. Calcium intake was relatively constant from 6 months to 17 years. Boys had higher intakes of sodium and sodium per kilogram body weight than did girls. Black children at 2, 3, and 4 years had significantly higher sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium expressed as total intake and per kilogram body weight than white children did. At 6 months, 66% of the infants exceeded the National Research Council's recommended range for sodium. At 1 to 10 years, 90% to 100% and at 13 to 17 years, 60% to 65% exceeded the recommended range. In contrast, 58% to 77% of preschool children and only 5% to 20% of school-age children surpassed the recommended potassium range. Fifty percent to 70% of children more than 10 years old achieved the recommended range for potassium. Approximately half of the children 6 months through 4 years of age met the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for calcium. Sixty percent to 80% of adolescents ingested less than two-thirds the RDA. Girls had lower intakes than did boys.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Webber
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Nicklas
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Berenson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D044383:Black People; D001835:Body Weight; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008145:Louisiana; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D010758:Phosphorus; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium