title: The disposition of chloramphenicol in colostrum-fed and colostrum-deprived newborn pigs.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol (CAP) were studied in four colostrum-deprived and 4 colostrum-fed newborn piglets after an intravenous bolus dose of CAP, 77 mumol kg-1 (25 mg kg-1). The elimination half-lives in the colostrum deprived piglets had a tendency to be longer (17.2 +/- 3.9 hrs) than in the colostrum-fed piglets (12.7 +/- 1.1 hrs) and in both groups they were considerably longer than reported in older pigs. The long half-lives of CAP in the newborn pigs were a reflexion of very low clearance (Cl) values, 0.0391 +/- 0.007 and 0.0512 +/- 0.007 1 kg-1 hr-1, in the two groups, while the volume of distribution was of the same size in the two groups, 0.9549 +/- 0.247 and 0.9411 +/- 0.211 1 kg-1. The protein binding of CAP in pooled piglet plasma was concentration dependent, 53-45%, (P less than 0.001) in the concentration range 31-232 microM (10-75 micrograms ml-1) and the binding degree was significantly higher in plasma from colostrum deprived piglets, 53.0 +/- 0.8% compared to plasma from colostrum fed, 47.5 +/- 1.3% (P less than 0.01).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism*; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000378:metabolism*; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003126:Colostrum; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D006207:Half-Life; D011247:Pregnancy; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002701:Chloramphenicol