title: [Xenon CT CBF mapping derived from two minutes inhalation].
abstract: Although xenon enhanced CT method for local cerebral blood flow measurement has been brought into a clinical practice, the technique has inherent limitations including anesthetic effects and expensive cost of xenon by a large consumption. To overcome these problems a modified method with a short-duration inhalation was developed and its validity was attested. Siemens Somatom SF with a resolution of 256 X 256 pixels and a scan time of 10 seconds was used. The subjects inhaled 50% Xe/O2 gas mixture from an apparatus consisted of Douglas bag and an open circuit. Xenon concentration in the expired gas was continuously monitored and estimated for arterial blood concentration by using a hematocrit correction. PaCO2 was monitored throughout the study. At the starting point and the endpoint of the inhalation two scans were performed respectively. Thus obtained four images were processed for CT noise cancellation, summation and subtraction to produce an in vivo autoradiography image. Local CBF was calculated from equations derived from the autoradiographic technique with a fixed partition coefficient of lambda = 1. Computer simulation studies were performed to find the optimal scan point to obtain an autoradiographic image and to estimate the calculation errors of this method. One minute and forty-five seconds was found to be the optimal scan point to gain an autoradiographic image in view of a balance between linearity of CBF/enhancement curve and total amount of tissue enhancement. The theoretical errors due to the assumption for a fixed partition coefficient were calculated to be 8% underestimation for gray matter and 5% overestimation for white matter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toshima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ebisawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karashima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimojo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyahara
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014978:Xenon / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014978:Xenon