title: 'Anestheticography': on-line monitoring and documentation of inhalational anesthesia.
abstract: The safe practice of inhalational anesthesia requires control over the amount of volatile anesthetic delivered to the patient. With minimal fresh gas flow this is facilitated by continuous monitoring and recording of the agent's concentration ('Anestheticography'). Alterations brought about by routine clinical maneuvers become visible. We recorded the course of the inspiratory and expiratory concentration of volatile anesthetic (Isoflurane) by infrared absorption and a trend recorder. Changing the carrier gas composition during high flow from 75% to 25% nitrous oxide in oxygen resulted in a 10% increase of the inspiratory isoflurane concentration. Activating the oxygen bypass or exchanging the soda lime canisters was followed by a prolonged disturbance of concentrations, most pronounced with minimal flow. Initiating emergence by closing the vaporizer during minimal flow led to a slow decrease in concentration whilst at a flow of 61/min the inspiratory isoflurane concentration rapidly decreased to subanesthetic levels. Insertion of a charcoal filter into the inspiratory limb of the breathing circuit immediately dropped the inspiratory concentration to undetectable levels. 'Anestheticography' is a useful means of monitoring and documentation of inhalational anesthetic. With the use of a charcoal filter all advantages of minimal flow anesthesia can be realized throughout the entire anesthetic, including emergence.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anaesthesiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical School, Mainz, FRG.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jantzen
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Kleemann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erdmann
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wallenfang
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000032:analysis*; D002606:Charcoal; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D002606:Charcoal