title: A comparison of the effects of two triphasic oral contraceptives on haemostasis.
abstract: The effects of two cyclically administered, triphasic, combined low dosage oestrogen and progestogen oral contraceptives on haemostasis have been compared in a longitudinal study, over 6 months, in 26 healthy females aged 16-30 years. Subjects received either Logynon (ethinyl oestradiol and Levonorgestrol, n = 14) or SHD 415G (Schering U.K., n = 12), which contains a similar dosage of ethinyl oestradiol, but in combination with a new progestogen, gestodene. Both groups showed increases in biological activities of procoagulant factors fibrinogen, X and XII and decreased activity of the naturally occurring coagulation inhibitor antithrombin III (AT-III). The majority of these changes were statistically significant (P less than 0.05 to less than 0.001), apparent after one cycle and maintained over the six cycle period. FVII activity increased in both groups, achieving statistical significance (P less than 0.01) by cycle 6 in the SHD 415G group but not in the females receiving Logynon. Protein C activity remained unchanged in both groups. Between-group comparisons showed no differences in the procoagulant factor changes, but protein C was lower (P less than 0.05) in the SHD 415G group after three cycles of therapy. These findings indicate that both triphasic oral contraceptives Logynon and SHD 415G induce increases in procoagulant factor activities which are not balanced by increased biological levels of the two most important physiological coagulation inhibitors AT-III and protein C. These prothrombotic changes are not modified by the new progestogen, gestodene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Middlesex Hospital, London.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walshe
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gillmer
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Machin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000032:analysis; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D003281:Contraceptives, Postcoital / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003282:Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000494:pharmacology; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019304:Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; D005167:Factor VII / Q000032:analysis; D005170:Factor X / Q000032:analysis; D005174:Factor XII / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009652:Norpregnenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011486:Protein C / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D003281:Contraceptives, Postcoital; D003282:Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009652:Norpregnenes; D011486:Protein C; C055368:Femovan; D009644:Norgestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D019304:Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; D000990:Antithrombin III; D005167:Factor VII; D005170:Factor X; D005174:Factor XII; D005340:Fibrinogen