title: Respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompromised adults.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus disease was documented in 11 immunocompromised adults, aged 21 to 50. Underlying conditions included bone marrow transplant (6 patients), renal transplant (3 patients), renal and pancreas transplants (1 patient), and T-cell lymphoma (1 patient). Diagnosis of infection was based on specimens from bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, throat, sinus aspirate, and lung biopsy. The virus was detected simultaneously by antibody in either an immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 3 of 4 patients whose culture results were positive for respiratory syncytial virus. The virus was an unexpected finding, despite widespread infection in the community. Clinical symptoms included low-grade fever, nonproductive cough, rhinorrhea or nasal congestion, and radiographic evidence of interstitial infiltrates and sinusitis. Aerosolized ribavirin therapy was used in the 6 recipients of bone marrow transplants, 3 of whom required assisted ventilation but died. Death caused by virus infection was documented in 4 of 11 patients. Respiratory syncytial virus disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis of fever and pulmonary infiltrates in immunocompromised adults.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Englund
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Dehner
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Vercellotti
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Balfour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000276:immunology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D010253:Respirovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012698:Serologic Tests; D014180:Transplantation
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012254:Ribavirin