The volatile anesthetics, halothane, enflurane and isoflurane, influence the distribution of thiopental in man differently.
In man, a change of thiopental pharmacokinetics was observed under halothane anesthesia, but not when patients were anesthetized with enflurane and isoflurane. After an initial subanesthetic dose of 50 mg thiopental, the concentrations in serum (T) were determined over 15 min (4 samples). From these T-values the pharmacokinetic parameters Vc (central volume of distribution), t1/2 alpha and Cl were established (control). 16 min after the first thiopental dose, one of the inhalation anesthetics was administered (randomized). After 45 min exposure to the respective inhalation anesthetic (2-3 MAC in combination with N2O, steady-state a second dose of 50 mg thiopental was injected and the T-values were determined again over 15 min. The T-values of the control course varied considerably; the logarithmic frequency distribution revealed two distinct subgroups of patients, A and B, with characteristic Vc and t1/2 alpha. Both subgroups were influenced by the volatile anesthetics in a similar way with regard to pharmacokinetic parameters. With halothane, Vc was decreased and t1/2 alpha was shortened. In contrast, enflurane and isoflurane did not affect the pharmacokinetic parameters.
Altmayer
P
P
Institut für Anaesthesie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, FRG.
Büch
U
U
Hutschenreuter
K
K
Büch
H P
HP
D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D004737:Enflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D013874:Thiopental / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D004737:Enflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D013874:Thiopental; D006221:Halothane