Influence of sex and gender roles on high school status systems.
Past research has indicated significant sex differences in determinants of male and female high school students' status as measured by how subjects would like to have been remembered from their high school years. In order to determine if remembrance preference is sex or gender role related, 671 subjects were administered the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) and a questionnaire asking if they most wanted to be remembered from high school as a brilliant student, leader in activities, athletic star or most popular. Using both the median split and t-ratio procedures in scoring the BSRI, 206 subjects were selected because they were sex-typed (masculine males, feminine females), cross sex-typed (masculine females, feminine males), or androgynous (scoring high on both masculine and feminine traits). To find a model of best fit, the data were subjected to a log-linear analysis. The variables included were sex, gender role, and remembrance preference. Rather than sex being the influential factor, the model of best fit was a gender role by remembrance preference interaction. If subjects were masculine, they were more likely to choose athletic star than were feminine or androgynous subjects. Most popular and leader in activities were both more likely to be chosen by feminine and androgynous subjects. All groups chose brilliant student more often than any other category. It was concluded that some previously designated sex differences may instead be differences in gender role. Further research should address the distinction between the two.
University of Arizona, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Tucson 85721.
J M
JM
Williams
M B
MB
Andersen
D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D001290:Attitude; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006608:Hierarchy, Social; D006801:Humans; D007062:Identification, Psychological; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D010553:Personality Development; D012928:Social Desirability; D012930:Social Dominance; D013177:Sports