Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a longitudinal study of 20 cases.
Of 20 patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), 17 survived (85%) and were followed prospectively up to one year post-term. Lower respiratory tract infections occurred in 12 patients (70.5%), and in 7 (41%) at least one hospital admission was required. At one year post-term follow-up, 9 patient (52.9%) continued to present respiratory symptoms, and 5 out of 13 (38.4%) radiographic changes. Six cases (35%) presented chronic cor pulmonale. Only 6 children (35%) showed normal growth, while the others showed deficits in one or more growth parameters. Cerebral palsy occurred in 41% of the children; 3 cases of severe tetraparesis and 4 of moderately severe palsy (hemiparesis or diplegia). Developmental quotient (DQ) was less than 70 in 6 cases (35%), from 70-90 in 4 (23.5%), and greater than 90 in 7 (41%). The severe neurodevelopmental outcomes were significantly correlated with the presence of important neonatal cerebral pathology (3-4 degrees IVH or periventricular leukomalacia). Retinopathy due to prematurity was diagnosed in 7 patients (41%), and in 5 it progressed to retrolental fibroplasia. Ten cases (58.8%) showed strabism, of which 8 had previous eye background involvement. Hearing deficit was not detected in any patient. Esthetic and functional sequelae consisted of scalp eschar (3 cases), post-thoracotomy scar (1 case), pleural drainage scars (3 cases), nasal deformity due to prolonged intubation (1 case), laryngeal stenosis (1 case), and post-tracheostomy stenosis (1 case).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Zaramella
P
P
Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Italy.
Benini
F
F
Dalla Barba
B
B
Rossetti
A
A
Zorzi
C
C
D000367:Age Factors; D001724:Birth Weight; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009896:Optic Atrophy / Q000150:complications; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000150:complications; D013285:Strabismus / Q000150:complications