Magnetic field effects on surgical ligation clips.
Magnetic forces exerted on surgical clips and the magnetic resonance imaging distortion they create in phantoms and rabbits at magnetic field strengths of 1.5 Tesla were investigated. Results are reported for both ligation and aneurysm clips manufactured from three types of stainless steel as well as titanium, tantalum and niobium metals. Paramagnetism and eddy currents were measured in a customized moving Gouy balance. Direct measurements of other magnetic forces were carried out in a 1.5T MRI system. The titanium and tantalum clips showed the least interaction with the magnetic field, both in terms of forces exerted and the observed image distortion with the larger clips generating the larger interactions. The strongest field distortions and attractive forces occurred with 17-7PH stainless steel clips. These interactions were ferromagnetic in origin and of sufficient strength to present significant risk to patients having this type of clip present during an MRI scan.
Brown
M A
MA
Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Carden
J A
JA
Coleman
R E
RE
McKinney
R
R
Spicer
L D
LD
D000818:Animals; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008280:Magnetics; D009556:Niobium; D011817:Rabbits; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013635:Tantalum; D014025:Titanium
D009556:Niobium; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013635:Tantalum; D014025:Titanium