title: [Preventive examinations in infants and small children. A longitudinal study of practicing pediatricians].
abstract: A prospective study to evaluate well-child examinations was based on a sample of 750 children drawn at random from the patients of 15 practising paediatricians who participated in the study. These children were followed from the age of 3 months, when each who was vaccinated also received a specified examination, until the age of 5 years. Participation in the program of examinations was still 86% at the age of 18 months. By the age of 4 1/2, the participation rate had dropped to 40%. Between the ages of 3 months and 18 months, 11.2% of the sample had been diagnosed as having a pathological disorder. Of the 97 diagnoses, 35 were detected during the newborn period; 25 were detected by means other than the well-child examinations; and 37 were directly attributable to the examinations. 28 of the 97 diagnoses were still valid at the age of 5 years, and 5 of those children had a serious handicap. In an additional 59 suspected diagnoses (7.8%) only 6 could later be confirmed as a pathological condition. Of the 300 children who attended the last well-child examination at age 4 1/2, 45 (15%) had one or more pathological findings. Seventeen of the 45 diagnoses were detected between the 18-month exam and the 4 1/2-year exam, and 30 were detected at the time of the last examination. The number of diagnoses per physician varied. From each sample of 50 children per doctor, 1 to 20 children would have a disorder. Twelve of the 15 paediatricians were appreciative of the structured exam schedule, and most intended to continue with some parts of the program after the study's termination.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Sozial- und Präventivmedizin der Universität Bern.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Joss
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carrel
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vuille
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008403:Mass Screening; D010808:Physical Examination; D013557:Switzerland
vernacular_title: Vorsorgeuntersuchungen bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern. Eine longitudinale Studie praktizierender Kinderärzte.