Intramitochondrial dyes allow selective in vitro photolysis of carcinoma cells.
Carcinoma cell mitochondria preferentially accumulate and retain certain cationic dyes to a much greater extent than most normal cells. Thus, they can potentially serve as targets for highly selective photochemotherapy. We evaluated 10 rhodamine and cyanine dyes as carcinoma-specific mitochondrial photosensitizers in vitro. The most effective, N,N'-bis(2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane)kryptocyanine (EDKC), caused marked, light-dependent killing of human bladder, squamous, and colon carcinoma cell lines after 30-min incubations at 1-0.01 microM but was minimally toxic to human keratinocytes and to normal monkey kidney epithelial cells (CV-1). Carcinoma cell phototoxicity was proportional to the amount of dye incorporated by the different cell lines. Selective killing ratios were 70-1000 for 0.1 microM dye and light doses of 100-175 J/cm2 between 680 and 720 nm.
Oseroff
A R
AR
Ohuoha
D
D
Ara
G
G
McAuliffe
D
D
Foley
J
J
Cincotta
L
L
D001692:Biological Transport; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000628:therapy*; D002460:Cell Line; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000378:metabolism*; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
D002232:Carbocyanines; D004396:Coloring Agents; D011804:Quinolines; D012235:Rhodamines; C051149:N,N'-bis(2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane)kryptocyanine