title: [Phenomenology of tics: psychological and psychiatric approach].
abstract: The association of involuntary motor disturbances and psychic symptoms is a salient feature of Gilles de la Tourette's disease. The frequency of the association is supported by recent epidemiological data. However, a clear distinction must be made between psychic symptoms dependent of the pathological process and psychological reactions to the disease. The link between motor and psychic symptoms raises a crucial and yet controversial question. Etiology, and particularly the role of psychological and social factors, is discussed. But mechanisms must be studied independently. Is there a causal relationship between motor and psychic symptoms? Is there a common neuro-chemical alteration? There is no evidence for clear conclusion but this questions must be clarified.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Widlöcher
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D003071:Cognition; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D006220:Haloperidol
vernacular_title: Phénoménologie des tics: approche psychologique et psychiatrique.