[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefotiam in the perinatal period].
Patients, who had undergone cesarean sections, and those who had experienced premature rupture of membranes, received cefotiam (CTM) and the clinical efficacy and the safety for mothers and fetuses were investigated. At the same time, pharmacokinetic analysis was done to study the maternal fetal transfer. Following results were observed. In cases of premature rupture of membranes, the maternal-fetal transfer ratio after intravenous administrations of CTM was 50.3% at a dosage of 1 g. Maternal and fetal serum concentrations of CTM were maintained higher levels than the MIC80 (0.78 micrograms/ml) against major pathogens excluding anaerobic of gynecologic-obstetric infections and were maintained up to 5.87 hours and 6.15 hours in mothers and fetuses, respectively. The CTM was administered once every 12 hours at a dosage of 1 g to 38 cases up to the 3rd or 4th day of puerperium after the rupture of membranes. Also, the CTM was administered up to times of delivery to another 20 cases, in one of which the fetus developed pneumonia. The maternal-fetal prophylactic effect was recognized in 98.3% (57/58) of cases. Forty-three cesarean section cases received CTM at a dosage level of 1 g by one-hour intravenous drip infusion in the following manner: after surgery to the 4th day, twice a day; from the 5th to the 7th day, once a day. Postoperative prophylactic effect against infection was achieved in all the cases. In 1 case, a slight transient elevation in the maternal GOT was observed. Neonatal jaundice with total bilirubin levels higher than 15.0 mg/dl was observed in 19 neonates (32.8%) in the group in which premature rupture of the membranes had occurred. However, the cause/effect relationship between CTM and the total bilirubin levels is unclear. The maternal-fetal transition of CTM was excellent, and the safety toward the fetus and neonate was high. When an antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetics are considered, CTM will be a useful drug in the treatment of perinatal infections.
Hayasaki
M
M
Hanabayashi
T
T
Ri
J
J
Takada
Y
Y
Ito
K
K
Noda
K
K
Iida
M
M
Chan
C
C
Yamada
Y
Y
Osugi
S
S
D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D015310:Cefotiam; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007700:Kinetics; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011292:Premedication; D011645:Puerperal Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*
D015310:Cefotiam; D002439:Cefotaxime