title: Retinoic acid-induced monocytic differentiation of HL60/MRI, a cell line derived from a transplantable HL60 tumor.
abstract: The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60 differentiates to either granulocytes or monocytes/macrophages when induced with various chemicals and lymphokines. Retinoic acid (RA) induces HL60 to differentiate to granulocyte-like cells. However, HL60/MRI cells, derived from a transplantable HL60 tumor established in athymic nude mice, differentiate to monocytoid cells when cultured with RA in vitro. HL60/MRI induced with RA are monocytes based on morphology and the expression of markers and functions specific for monocytes such as: the OKM5 monocyte-specific antigen, nonspecific esterase activity, and adhesiveness. HL60/MRI is much more sensitive to RA than is HL60. Thus, the RA concentrations that induce 50% differentiation are 0.41 nM for HL60/MRI and 37 nM for HL60, and maximum differentiation occurs at 2 days for HL60/MRI and at 4 days for HL60. While RA induces HL60/MRI to monocytoid cells, other inducers of granulocytic differentiation of HL60, such as dimethyl sulfoxide and hexamethylene bisacetamide, induce HL60/MRI to granulocytes. Furthermore, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induces both HL60 and HL60/MRI to macrophage-like cells. The isozyme phenotypes of HL60/MRI and HL60 are identical. Cytogenetic analysis of HL60/MRI indicates that many of its normal chromosomes are triploid and that it has five abnormal chromosome markers, M1-M5, three of which, M1-M3, are seen also in HL60. This unique cell line, HL60/MRI, may be useful for studying the event(s) triggering differentiation of myelomonocytic cells and the mechanism of action of RA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uozumi
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Breitman
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D007527:Isoenzymes; D014212:Tretinoin; C014026:hexamethylene bisacetamide; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide