title: Enamel demineralization and the length of intra-oral exposure to different concentrations of glucose or sucrose.
abstract: Six subjects wore intra-oral devices carrying eight bovine enamel blocks which were covered with a layer of S. mutans. They rinsed their mouths for five sec, one min, or multiples of one min with a 5 or 10% glucose (G) solution. Demineralization was measured after 45 min by determining the change in iodide permeability (delta Ip) of the enamel. In addition, saliva samples, taken at intervals during the test, were analyzed for G, and the time of clearance (tc) was calculated. Demineralization scores (delta Ip) were consistently greater from the 10% than from the 5% G solution. Both solutions produced an increase in delta Ip with an increase in the rinsing time (tr). The G remaining in saliva after the rinse did not significantly affect delta Ip. The delta Ip scores showed good correlation with the final pH of the S. mutants cell mass, r = -0.77. For each rinse solution, the scores also showed good correlations with tr (r = 0.87 and 0.79) and much weaker correlations with tr + tc (r = 0.44 and 0.53). Continuous in vitro exposure to 1, 5, or 10% solutions of sucrose (S) in saliva for 30 min or more caused a linear increase in delta Ip with time with no concentration effects. A linear increase was also observed in vivo when a one-minute mouth-rinse with 10% solution of S was administered every 30 min. The findings indicate that significant demineralization may occur while carbohydrate foods are consumed, and that brushing the teeth or rinsing the mouth after meals may not be as effective against caries as is generally believed.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goulet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brudevold
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Attarzadeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000502:physiology; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D013395:Sucrose; D005947:Glucose