title: Effects of brackets and ties on stiffness of an arch wire.
abstract: Beam theory was used to evaluate the stiffness of a simulated orthodontic model as affected by the type of bracket, interbracket distance, type of ligature tie, and size of segment. For a given deflection, the model generated greater force (increased stiffness) as the beam constant (N) increased. N increased as interbracket distance increased. Metal ties were as rigid or more rigid than o-rings. Four bracket segments were more rigid than two-bracket segments when tied with o-rings but not metal ligatures. Values of N of Lewis and narrow twin brackets with metal ties were similar and greater than the N of wide twin and medium single brackets. Wide twin brackets were more rigid than others with o-rings.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asgar
mesh_terms: D004548:Elasticity; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel