title: Micro-electrode measurements and functional aspects of chloride activity in cyprinid fish retina: extracellular activity and intracellular activities of L- and C-type horizontal cells.
abstract: Extracellular Cl- activity and intracellular Cl- activities of luminosity and biphasic-chromaticity type horizontal cells were measured in freshly isolated, non-superfused roach retinae using double-barrelled Cl- -sensitive micro-electrodes. The extracellular Cl- activity in dark-adapted retinae was found to have a surprisingly wide range (54-143 mM), although in a given preparation it was extremely constant. The mean intracellular Cl- activities of both types of horizontal cell were identical (47 mM), and this value was significantly greater than that required for "passive distribution" i.e. Cl- equilibrium potentials were 11-12 mV more positive than respective membrane resting potentials in the dark. In the presence of 10 microM dopamine, however, the difference between the Cl- equilibrium potential and the membrane resting potential was abolished, consistent with the hypothesis that dopamine increases Cl- conductance, presumably at the interplexiform cell synapse onto horizontal cells. In turn, it is suggested that a functional consequence of this pathway is to modulate the input impedances of the horizontal cells, and hence their sensitivity to light.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College, London, England.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Djamgoz
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Laming
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000502:physiology*; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000502:physiology*; D003624:Darkness; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008027:Light; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008839:Microelectrodes; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004298:Dopamine