title: The horizontal plane in patient positioning for panoramic radiography.
abstract: The average angles between the horizontal and occlusal planes and the ala-tragus and orbito-meatal lines were measured for 96 patients in a panoramic x-ray machine. The angles required to produce clinically acceptable radiographs are described. Some operator judgment is required when positioning each patient's head for radiographs of optimum quality.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Manson-Hing
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000379:methods*