title: Statistical properties of a two-stage model of carcinogenesis.
abstract: Some of the statistical properties of a simple two-stage model of carcinogenesis are explored. The implications of additive treatment effects versus independent treatment effects on the shape of the dose-response curve are considered. Response that is low-dose linear results in the cases where the mutation rates are affected by dose or in the cases where treatment changes the birth rate/death rate of initiated cells in an additive fashion. Independent treatment effects lead to non-low-dose linear response when the survival of initiated cells is affected by treatment. A computer simulation experiment was performed that examined the ability of animal carcinogenesis data to differentiate between various forms of this simple two-stage model. It is shown that animal carcinogenicity experiments do not contain enough data to adequately describe the difference between these two types of effects.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Portier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008954:Models, Biological; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens