High affinity binding site for nuclear factor I next to the hepatitis B virus S gene promoter.
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAG) is encoded by the S gene under the regulation of a promoter in the pre-S1 region. The S gene promoter does not contain a 'TATA' box-like sequence, but there is a sequence resembling, in part, the late promoter of Simian virus 40 (SV40). In an attempt to study the regulation of the S gene promoter we looked for cellular proteins which bind to this region. We report here that a nuclear protein is tightly bound to the HBV genome at a position approximately 190 bases upstream from the S gene promoter. Evidence is provided to show that (a) this nuclear protein is the nuclear factor I (NF-I) that was previously found to be bound to the inverted terminal repeat of the adenovirus (Ad) DNA and to enhance Ad DNA replication in vitro and (b) this NF-I binding site is required for optimal activity of the S gene promoter.
Shaul
Y
Y
Ben-Levy
R
R
De-Medina
T
T
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D000650:Amnion; D001483:Base Sequence; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D005260:Female; D005796:Genes; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010957:Plasmids; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1; C070856:YBX1 protein, human; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I