title: Alcohol on wheels.
abstract: Alcohol misuse remains the single most important contributing factor to road accident deaths and injuries in Australia. The results of compulsory blood alcohol tests on road casualties have shown that probationary licensed drivers have a threefold increased risk of road accident injury compared to fully licensed drivers and are additionally over-represented in alcohol-related crashes. These findings led the Victorian Road Trauma Committee to campaign for a zero blood alcohol limit for learner and probationary drivers and motorcyclists. In May 1984, zero blood alcohol legislation was enacted in Victoria. The present legislation applies to learner and first year probationary licence holders. For the first time we have evidence of a moderate reduction in alcohol-related road trauma in Victoria. Between 1977 and 1983 there has been a significant reduction in the proportion of driver casualties admitted to hospital with illegal blood alcohol concentrations and in the number of driver fatalities with blood alcohol concentrations in excess of 0.15 g%. An evaluation of the following recommended drink driver countermeasures is presented: improved driver education, increased penalties, re-education--rehabilitation programmes for convicted drink drivers, interlock devices and an increase in the legal drinking age.
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: McDermott
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication; D001315:Australia; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001944:Breath Tests; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood*; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007878:Legislation as Topic; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol