title: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) induces oxidative stress in the rodent.
abstract: MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) produces an irreversible parkinsonism in primates. Recent evidence suggests metabolism of MPTP to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) is required for toxicity. We have proposed that MPP+ may play a central role in the toxicity of MPTP, but direct assessment of the effects of MPP+ in brain is difficult. Therefore, we have sought to define the mechanism of peripheral MPP+ toxicity in the rat and mouse. Systemically administered MPP+ produced its major pathology in the lung and was typified by perivascular edema. An increase in plasma glutathione disulfide concentrations also resulted, suggesting that MPP+ in analogy to paraquat produces oxidative stress. In addition, the lethality of MPP+ in the mouse was increased by dietary selenium deficiency. These results define in both pathological and chemical terms the potent systemic toxicity of MPP+ and suggest that MPP+, because of its high concentration in primate brain, has the potential to play an important role in the CNS toxicity of MPTP.
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D015655:1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004487:Edema; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007700:Kinetics; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011725:Pyridines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012643:Selenium / Q000172:deficiency
chemical_list: D011725:Pyridines; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D005978:Glutathione; D012643:Selenium; D015655:1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium