title: Synergistic induction of interleukin-1 by endotoxin and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 using rat macrophages.
abstract: We studied interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion by rat peritoneal exudate macrophages stimulated with purified toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). TSST-1 was observed to be a more potent inducer of IL-1 than was endotoxin. The induction of IL-1 secretion by TSST-1 was not blocked by polymyxin B but could be blocked by monoclonal antibodies directed against TSST-1. Synergistic induction of IL-1 was observed when the cells were stimulated with TSST-1 and endotoxin. The sequence of addition was found to be important for the synergistic response. Enhanced IL-1 production was observed only when macrophages were exposed to endotoxin before or simultaneously with TSST-1. Prior exposure of macrophages to TSST-1 had no enhancing effect on endotoxin-induced IL-1 secretion. We conclude that stimulation of the macrophage by endotoxin enhances the responsiveness of the cells to TSST-1 and may thereby play a role in the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001681:Biological Assay; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D018089:Superantigens
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D018089:Superantigens; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal