Anti-tumor activity of class II MHC antigen-restricted cloned autoreactive T cells. II. Novel immunotherapy of B16 melanomas by local and systemic adoptive transfer.
Lyt-1+, L3T4a+ autoreactive cloned T cells, producing lymphotoxin (LT) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to self-class II major histocompatibility complex antigen in vitro were examined for their anti-tumor effect in vivo against B16 melanomas. Without the aid of exogenous interleukin 2, the autoreactive T cells, when injected immediately and at an equal cell number into the site of s.c. inoculated B16 melanoma cells inhibited tumor growth in sublethally irradiated and nonirradiated syngeneic mice. The autoreactive T cells also induced regression of tumors established 3 days earlier. Normal spleen cells or class II-restricted cloned T cells specific for chicken gamma-globulin (CGG) had no inhibitory effect on tumor growth. A single injection of autoreactive T cells delayed tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice that had received a lethal dose of B16 melanoma cells. The autoreactive T cells caused extensive necrosis at the injection site. A treatment regime consisting of two successive injections of anti-I-Ab monoclonal antibody 3JP prevented the inhibition of tumor growth, supporting the hypothesis that the autoreactive T cells inhibited the growth of melanomas by releasing LT and IFN-gamma upon recognition of I-A antigen-bearing cells at the injection site. The CGG-specific control T cells did not cause necrosis and survived within the nests of uninhibited tumor cells. Autoreactive T cells administered i.v. immediately after i.v. injection of B16 melanoma cells markedly reduced pulmonary metastases, whereas CGG-specific T cells did not. These results indicate that autoreactive T cells can function in vivo as inhibitors of tumor growth.
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002999:Clone Cells; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D007116:Immunization, Passive / Q000379:methods*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000556:secondary; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II