Comparative assessment of vestibular, optokinetic, and optovestibular stimulation in the development of experimental motion sickness.
The contribution of vestibular, optokinetic, and optovestibular stimulation to experimental motion sickness was evaluated in 29 volunteer subjects. Vestibular stimulation (Coriolis effect) was found to induce the most significant vestibular-autonomic disorders. Optokinetic stimulation (pseudo-Coriolis effect) and optovestibular stimulation could provoke such disorders only in susceptible subjects. In quantitative terms, optokinetic and optovestibular stimulation were less effective than vestibular Coriolis stress. Nystagmic reactions of susceptible subjects to the three types of stimulation differed significantly from those of tolerant subjects. This may be important from the theoretical point of view because susceptibility to motion sickness and responses to vestibular and optokinetic stimulation may be universal and associated with the general CNS mechanism, i.e. inhibition mechanism. The identified correlation between the duration of postoptokinetic illusion and motion sickness susceptibility may be used to differentiate susceptible and tolerant subjects.
D000328:Adult; D003312:Coriolis Force; D003623:Dark Adaptation; D004584:Electronystagmography; D005133:Eye Movements; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009041:Motion Sickness / Q000209:etiology*; D011187:Posture; D012399:Rotation / Q000009:adverse effects; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000502:physiology*