title: Levodopa-induced dyskinesia and response fluctuations in primates rendered parkinsonian with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).
abstract: Six non-human primates received doses of MPTP sufficient to produce a severe parkinsonian syndrome. Levodopa therapy reversed parkinsonian features in all animals, but resulted in dose-dependent choreoathetoid movements of the lower limbs of 3, together with akathisia and dystonia in 2. 'End-of-dose deterioration' was common to all animals, although 'on-off' periods were only seen in 3. Preliminary observations using a clinical rating scale and automatic activity counters demonstrate that both the motor response to levodopa and the complications of therapy are readily quantifiable. We suggest that this is a useful experimental model for testing new strategies in the management of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, particularly with regard to the prevention of drug-induced involuntary movements.
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011725:Pyridines
chemical_list: D011725:Pyridines; D007980:Levodopa; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine