title: Treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis with intravitreal vancomycin.
abstract: Endophthalmitis remains a dreaded complication of intraocular surgery and penetrating eye trauma. Subconjunctival, topical, and systemic antibiotics have been largely ineffective in the treatment of endophthalmitis, whereas intravitreal antibiotics have proved efficacious. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis has become an important pathogen in many infections, including endophthalmitis. Toxicity, clearance, and efficacy of intravitreal vancomycin were evaluated in the treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis endophthalmitis. No evidence of retinal toxicity was found and therapeutic levels were demonstrated six days after injection. The treated rabbit eyes showed a marked beneficial effect when compared to the untreated eyes. If experience confirms the safety of intravitreal vancomycin in human eyes, vancomycin should be considered the drug of choice for methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis endophthalmitis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008712:Methicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D014640:Vancomycin; D008712:Methicillin