Pharmacokinetics of cefradine, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim and their metabolites in a patient with peritonitis undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
Cefradine and co-trimoxazole pharmacokinetics were studied in a patient with peritonitis that complicated continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Concentrations in the plasma reached after oral administration of 500 mg cefradine four times daily and 400/80 mg co-trimoxazole four times daily were for cefradine 100 micrograms/ml, for trimethoprim 15 micrograms/ml, and for sulfamethoxazole 100 micrograms/ml, respectively. In the dialysate concentrations were reached of 35-70 micrograms/ml cefradine, 2-5 micrograms/ml trimethoprim and 8-17 micrograms/ml sulfamethoxazole. The values for sulfamethoxazole are regarded too low to be clinically effective. Half-lives, protein binding values and CAPD clearances are presented. Low CAPD clearances were obtained during the night and high values during the day. The dosage yielded too high plasma trimethoprim concentrations, while sulfamethoxazole dialysate concentrations were too low. It seems questionable therefore whether co-trimoxazole can be used orally for the treatment of CAPD peritonitis.
D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002515:Cephradine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; D002511:Cephalosporins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D014295:Trimethoprim; D002515:Cephradine; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole