title: Crystalluria. Observations, interpretations, and misinterpretations.
abstract: Crystalluria results from oversaturation of urine with crystallogenic substance. However, oversaturation may occur as a result of in vitro as well as in vivo events. The microscopic appearance of crystals only represents a tentative identification of their composition because variable conditions associated with their formation, growth, and dissolution may alter their appearance. Definitive identification is dependent on physical methods such as optical crystallography, x-ray diffraction, and electron microscopic analysis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000652:urine; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000652:urine; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000652:urine; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000652:urine; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000652:urine; D003461:Crystallography; D003555:Cystinuria / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000652:urine*; D004285:Dogs; D006626:Hippurates / Q000652:urine; D007930:Leucine / Q000652:urine; D008274:Magnesium / Q000652:urine; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D008903:Minerals / Q000652:urine*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000652:urine; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000652:urine; D000069877:Struvite; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000652:urine; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006626:Hippurates; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D008903:Minerals; D010710:Phosphates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D014527:Uric Acid; D014443:Tyrosine; D002784:Cholesterol; D000069877:Struvite; D007930:Leucine; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D008274:Magnesium; D001663:Bilirubin; C030514:hippuric acid