title: The management of acutely bleeding varices by injection sclerotherapy.
abstract: Acutely bleeding varices present a therapeutic dilemma because of the limited efficacy and high complication rates of conventional treatments. Over a period of 26 months, 56 episodes of acutely bleeding varices were treated with injection sclerotherapy as the initial management. Immediate control of haemorrhage was achieved in 91% of patients and control of bleeding during the hospital admission in 84%. Balloon tamponade and surgery were reserved for those patients in whom bleeding was not controlled by sclerotherapy; in 66% of patients the bleeding was controlled by sclerotherapy alone. Of the 56 episodes, 75% survived their admission to hospital. Acute injection sclerotherapy is as least as effective as conventional therapies in the control of bleeding with a low incidence of complications. The technique can be used in all patients irrespective of the severity of their liver disease and, when bleeding is controlled, allows the physician the choice of all the available prophylactic therapies.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004724:Endoscopy; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions