title: [Retrocochlear hearing disorders].
abstract: The diagnosis of retrocochlear hearing impairment is mainly based on threshold tone decay, absence of the stapedius reflex, abnormal dichotic speech discrimination and ERA findings. A relatively poor discrimination for monosyllables with regressive understanding at high intensities can also indicate a neural or central lesion provided that the unaffected side has been correctly masked. ERA results mainly show a synchronisation disorder within the brain-stem, i.e. the J V-response is prolonged or cannot be recorded at all. The cortical response N1, however, corresponds to the subjective threshold except that in impairments of the cortex, the N1-response is worse than expected from the pure tone threshold. Representative examples are given.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001302:Audiometry, Speech; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D002528:Cerebellar Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D002530:Cerebellopontine Angle / Q000601:surgery; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000175:diagnosis; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D005260:Female; D006313:Hearing Loss, Central / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006316:Hearing Loss, High-Frequency / Q000175:diagnosis; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000175:diagnosis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D012022:Reflex, Acoustic; D013063:Speech Discrimination Tests; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests
vernacular_title: Retrokochleäre Hörstörungen.