title: Chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus: controlled clinical trial of nafcillin therapy and nafcillin-rifampin therapy.
abstract: A controlled trial of treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus compared nafcillin alone with nafcillin plus rifampin for a six-week period. Treatment was well tolerated, the only adverse effect being mild neutropenia in four of 18 patients; no toxicity was observed from rifampin. Eight of ten patients in the combined treatment group had a favorable clinical response (with follow-up of two to four years) as compared to four of eight in the nafcillin group (P = .2). Despite the failure to show a statistically significant advantage of rifampin plus nafcillin, we conclude that the combination, along with appropriate surgery, should be considered for patients with chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009254:Nafcillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011897:Random Allocation; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009254:Nafcillin; D012293:Rifampin