title: Monoclonal antibody HISL-19 as an immunocytochemical probe for neuroendocrine differentiation. Its application in diagnostic pathology.
abstract: The monoclonal islet cell antibody HISL-19 was generated after immunization of BALB/c mice with human islet cell preparations. Besides reactivity with all cells of the human pancreatic islet, MAb HISL-19 also reacted with other cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system, including anterior pituitary cells, C cells of the thyroid, endocrine cells of the gut and bronchus, the adrenal medulla, and central and peripheral neurons. In this study the authors screened a series of 53 neuroendocrine and 71 nonneuroendocrine tumors for their reactivity with MAb HISL-19 using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique on formalin-fixed and Paraplast-embedded sections. MAb HISL-19 reacted strongly with all insulomas (10), carcinoids (8), C-cell carcinomas of the thyroid (8), pituitary adenomas (6), neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (4), paragangliomas of the carotid body (3), and pheochromocytomas (2) tested. Neuroblastomas (3), oat-cell carcinomas of the lung (2), and melanomas (4) exhibited only very few immunoreactive cells scattered throughout the tumor or remained unstained with MAb HISL-19. With the exception of one lobular carcinoma of the breast (1/3), one adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (1/4), and one adenocarcinoma of the stomach (1/6), nonneuroendocrine tumors were negative with MAb HISL-19. Biochemical findings obtained by SDS-PAGE, "Western" immunoblotting, immunoaffinity chromatography, and absorption experiments indicate that the MAb HISL-19-defined antigen is not related to neuron specific enolase. Because the epitope recognized by MAb HISL-19 is well preserved in formalin-fixed and routinely processed tissues, this monoclonal antibody finds potential applications in diagnostic pathology as an indicator for neuroendocrine cells and their neoplasms.
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007340:Insulinoma / Q000276:immunology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D009423:Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000276:immunology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase