The influence of the type of immunosorbent on rabies antibody EIA; advantages of purified glycoprotein over whole virus.
Two types of in vitro assay (enzyme immunoassay and sero-neutralization test) for the titration of rabies antibodies were used to assay sera from mice and humans immunized with cell culture vaccines or neural tissue vaccines. Enzyme immunoassays (EIA) were performed in plates sensitized with whole virus, purified glycoprotein or purified nucleocapsid. Neutralizing antibody titres were determined by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (REFIT) and by an in vitro seroneutralization test including a rapid enzyme immunotitration of intracellular antigens (REITICA). The results obtained with sera of immunized mice and humans showed that (1) cell culture vaccines mainly induced the synthesis of antiglycoprotein neutralizing antibodies; and (2) neural tissue vaccines induced a high synthesis of antinucleocapsid non-neutralizing antibodies and a more or less important synthesis of antiglycoprotein antibodies depending on the origin of the tissue used for their preparation. Consequently, it was emphasized that when using EIA, the antibody titration must be run in glycoprotein-coated plates rather than in whole virus-coated plates to appreciate correctly the immunizing potency of a rabies vaccine, especially neural tissue vaccine.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D002213:Capsid / Q000276:immunology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007164:Immunosorbents; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007164:Immunosorbents; D011819:Rabies Vaccines; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins