title: [Leukemia cell analysis in the diagnosis of ALL/AUL: clinical value of currently available methods].
abstract: After morphology and cytochemistry, immunological leukemic cell diagnosis became a generally available method by the development of monoclonal antibodies. Besides an otherwise not possible classification of nonmyeloid leukemias according to T- or B-differentiation status, precision and standardization of leukemia diagnosis is accomplished by immunodiagnostic means in an experimental way, an important point for therapy studies. In children, the common ALL--a precursor B-ALL type--was prognostically more favorable than the T-ALL which differs also in clinical appearance and in prognostic factors. In adults, however, T-ALL had a better prognosis than common ALL in a prospective trial. The heterogeneous Null-ALL which makes up 23% of ALL in adults and 5% in children, was the prognostically most unfavorable form besides the rare B-ALL (1-2%), the immunophenotype being an independent prognostic variable. Immunodiagnostic means are therefore of utmost clinical importance compared to other methods such as cytogenetic and electron microscopy that are not performable in a corresponding extent.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal
vernacular_title: Leukämiezell-Analyse bei der Diagnose der ALL/AUL: Klinische Wertigkeit heute verfügbarer Methoden.