title: Anatomical studies on the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis in the pigmented rat. II. Subcortical afferents demonstrated by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.
abstract: The subcortical nuclear groups projecting to the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) were studied in pigmented rats with the aid of the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. Small iontophoretic injections of HRP were placed in the medial regions of the NRTP, an area that has been shown in several species to be involved in eye movements. Other large injections in the NRTP or small injections placed just outside the nucleus were used to clarify the projections to the NRTP. Results indicate that the NRTP receives afferents from visual relay nuclei, including the nucleus of optic tract, the superior colliculus, and the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus; oculomotor-associated structures including the zona incerta, the H1 and H2 fields of Forel, the nucleus subparafasciculus, the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, the visual tegmental relay zone of the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, the mesencephalic, pontine, and medullary reticular formations, the nucleus of the posterior commissure, and a portion of the periaqueductal gray termed the supra-oculomotor periaqueductal gray; cerebellar and pontomedullary nuclei, including the superior, lateral, and medial vestibular nuclei, the deep cerebellar nuclei, and NRTP interneurons, and nuclei related to limbic functions including the lateral habenula, the mammillary nuclei, the hypothalamic nuclei, the preoptic nuclei, and the nucleus of diagonal band of Broca. A surprisingly large number of afferents to the medial regions of the NRTP arise from visual- or eye-movement-related nuclei. The projection from the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) confirms previous anatomical and physiological studies on the pathways involved in horizontal optokinetic nystagmus, but the number of NOT afferents is small in relation to other areas potentially related to visuomotor pathways such as the zona incerta, ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, fields of Forel, perirubral area, and subparafasciculus. The NRTP may also relay information related to vertical visuomotor reflexes (e.g., vertical optokinetic nystagmus) given the strong projections from the medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic system, visual tegmental relay zone, supra-oculomotor periaqueductal gray, interstitial n. of Cajal, and midbrain reticular formation. The presence of significant NRTP projections from the superior colliculus and the mesencephalic and pontine reticular formations suggests that these nuclei may provide the pathways for the noted saccade-related activity of NRTP neurons. In addition, projections from the vestibular nuclei were found that provide the anatomical basis for head velocity signals recorded in NRTP neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D013681:Tegmentum Mesencephali / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase