title: Mitoxantrone.
abstract: Mitoxantrone is an anthraquinone antineoplastic agent with structural similarities to doxorubicin. It has a mechanism of action similar to the anthracyclines. Its primary elimination route is hepatic metabolism (only seven percent renal excretion) and it has a terminal half-life of approximately 40 hours. Mitoxantrone has significant activity in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, acute leukemias, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Some activity is reported in head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's, myeloma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and liver cancer. There is a suggestion of incomplete cross-resistance between mitoxantrone and the anthracyclines in certain neoplasms. Some activity is reported with mitoxantrone in patients refractory to the anthracyclines in breast cancer, acute leukemias, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The usual doses used in solid tumors and in lymphomas are mitoxantrone 12-14 mg/m2 iv q3-4wk and in leukemias is mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2/d X 5 d iv for initial induction.
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D008942:Mitoxantrone; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D008942:Mitoxantrone