title: Contribution of wood stoves and fire places to mutagenic activity of airborne particulate matter inside homes.
abstract: Wood combustion produces compounds that are mutagenic in the Salmonella/microsome assay. As combustion products can be emitted in the home and the use of wood as a residential energy source is growing, an impact on human health might be of concern. In this study experiments were carried out to determine the contribution of wood combustion in stoves and fire places to indoor mutagenic activity under normal living conditions. Airborne particles from living rooms which were heated by stoves, or by fire places, and from outdoors were collected simultaneously. In each room two samples were collected during two consecutive weeks: one week the room was heated by central heating, the other week by wood combustion. Sampling took place in a total of 24 homes. Methanol extracts of the samples were tested in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay. Results show that mutagenic activity of outdoor air exceeds indoor mutagenicity. At the same time a correlation is found between in- and out-door mutagenicity, both with and without S9. However, a large difference is found between the ratio -S9/+S9 of in- and out-door mutagenic activity. Systematic differences in the ratio -S9/+S9 between control and experimental conditions are not observed. The use of wood stoves caused an increase of indoor mutagenicity in 8 out of 12 homes. It could be concluded that the use of an open fire consistently leads to an increase of mutagenic activity. This increase was caused by wood combustion products.
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D001711:Biotransformation; D006361:Heating; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism; D012112:Residential Facilities; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens