title: Crystal growth on the outer enamel surface--an alternative to acid etching.
abstract: Over the past 2 years an increasing concern has developed about the possible iatrogenic effects of phosphoric acid-etch bonding techniques on the enamel surface. There is an evident need to develop a mechanical or chemical retention system that would not alter (or would minimally alter) the outer enamel surface. An alternative to the conventional phosphoric acid etch technique has been developed. A preliminary clinical trial showed promising performance under normal clinical conditions. These results were achieved with a minimal loss of surface enamel as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. Debonding and cleanup were greatly facilitated. Creating a micromechanical retentive surface by the formation of a crystalline interface is a potential alternative to phosphoric acid etching.
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000009:adverse effects; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003460:Crystallization; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000209:etiology; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000209:etiology