title: Urinary pregnandiol-3-glucuronide and estrone conjugates to creatinine ratios in early pregnancies complicated by vaginal bleeding.
abstract: There is no simple and rapid test available to predict the outcome of an early pregnancy complicated by vaginal bleeding. In this prospective study, 15 women with normal pregnancies collected a weekly urine sample between 6 and 13 weeks' gestation. A single random urine sample was obtained from 15 women with bleeding who continued to carry their child and 50 women who proceeded to have a spontaneous abortion (SAB). Pregnandiol-3-glucuronide (PDG) was determined with the use of enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and estrone conjugates (E1C) were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The ratios of these metabolites to creatinine (C) were calculated. PDG/C ratios in normal women rose gradually from 6 weeks on. All women with bleeding during a normal pregnancy had ratios in the normal range, but 94% of women with a SAB had ratios below the normal range. The E1C/C ratio remained unchanged from 6 to 11 weeks and then rose rapidly. Until 11 weeks, there was no clear separation between the E1C/C ratios of the women with a SAB and the women with bleeding who continued their pregnancies. The prognosis of threatened abortion can be made by a urinary PDG/C ratio but not by an E1C/C ratio. EMIT is simple and quick and uses technology present in many laboratories.
mesh_terms: D000033:Abortion, Threatened / Q000652:urine*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine*; D004970:Estrone / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000652:urine*; D011276:Pregnanediol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: C022270:pregnanediol-3 alpha-glucuronide; D004970:Estrone; D003404:Creatinine; D011276:Pregnanediol