title: Hyperuricemia and gout.
abstract: Gout is a clinical syndrome encompassing a group of metabolic diseases that are all characterized by abnormal uric acid metabolism. In its fullest form, gout is defined by: an increase in the serum urate concentration; characteristic, recurrent, acute arthritic attacks, with monosodium urate monohydrate crystals demonstrable in synovial fluid leukocytes; tophi, usually in and around joints of the extremities, composed of monosodium urate monohydrate deposits; renal disease, often accompanied by hypertension with glomerular, tubular, interstitial, and vascular involvement; and uric acid nephrolithiasis. Any combination of these manifestations may occur, although tophi and urate nephropathy rarely antedate gouty arthritis.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001168:Arthritis / Q000503:physiopathology; D001175:Arthrography; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003078:Colchicine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006073:Gout / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011339:Probenecid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D014527:Uric Acid; D000493:Allopurinol; D011339:Probenecid; D003078:Colchicine