title: Opioid mydriasis: cross-tolerance between morphine and enkephalins.
abstract: The occurrence of cross-tolerance between morphine and met-enkephalin, and between morphine and DADL (D-Ala-D-Leu-enkephalin) in causing mydriasis in mice was studied. Morphine-tolerant mice treated with met-enkephalin or DADL intracerebroventricularly (ICV) showed marked reduction of the pupillary effect of the endopioids. Maximal mydriasis in tolerant animals was only about 30% for met-enkephalin and 50% for DADL, compared to levels in nontolerant animals. These results are among the first to demonstrate cross-tolerance between morphine and enkephalins in intact animals and may suggest involvement of multiple opiate receptor systems in producing mydriasis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004743:Enkephalin, Leucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D016308:Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine; D004743:Enkephalin, Leucine; D016308:Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; D009020:Morphine