title: [Pathological insertion of the placenta after the 20th week of pregnancy--its importance in the course of pregnancy and delivery].
abstract: The present paper reports on the results of sonographic diagnosis of a pathologic insertion of the placenta after the 20th week of pregnancy and its importance with regard to the course of pregnancy and birth. The conversion of a primarily pathologic placental insertion to a "normal" insertion at term depends on the severity of the placental insertion disorder and the date of diagnosis. The frequency of pathologic insertions after the 20th week of pregnancy amounted to 4.2% of the patients examined. The rate of conversion from pathologic to normal placental insertion was 91%, if marginal/partial and total placenta previa are accepted as definitive diagnoses at term. The insertion remained unchanged up to term in approximately 90% of the cases in which total placenta previa was sonographically diagnosed. The sonographic diagnosis of "pathologic insertion of the placenta" after the 20th week of pregnancy is associated with severe complications in the subsequent course of pregnancy and birth. There is a significant cluster of vaginal hemorrhage in the last trimester of pregnancy; cesarean deliveries are common; there are more cases of transfer to pediatric clinics, and the incidence of retarded fetal growth and perinatal mortality is higher. The present authors believe that where the diagnosis of placenta previa has been confirmed sonographically, prophylactic measures and, in the last resort, a planned cesarean delivery can contribute to a reduction in maternal morbidity and also to a decrease in perinatal morbidity and mortality.
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D010923:Placenta Previa / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology
vernacular_title: Pathologischer Placentasitz nach der 20. Schwangerschaftswoche--Bedeutung für den Schwangerschafts- und Geburtsverlauf.