title: Sloth bear immobilization with a ketamine-xylazine combination: reversal with yohimbine.
abstract: Five captive sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) were immobilized with a combination of ketamine (5.80 to 9.75 mg/kg of body weight) and xylazine (1.40 to 2.44 mg/kg), given IM. The youngest bear was immobilized twice, 62 days apart; all other bears were immobilized only once. Induction times were 4 to 25 minutes. After completion of various intended procedures, yohimbine (0.125 mg/kg) was administered IV. Arousal times were 2 to 20 minutes and bears were standing in 17 to 51 minutes. Compared with reported recovery times of 2 to 3 hours for bears immobilized with ketamine-xylazine combinations but not given an antagonist, results of the present study indicated that yohimbine reduces anesthesia recovery times in sloth bears immobilized with ketamine-xylazine combination.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002335:Carnivora; D005260:Female; D007103:Immobilization; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001503:Ursidae; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013843:Thiazines; D014991:Xylazine; D015016:Yohimbine; D007649:Ketamine