Effects of weight loss on mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
To quantitate the effects of weight loss on the mechanisms responsible for hyperglycemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), eight obese subjects with NIDDM were studied before and after weight reduction with posttreatment assessment after 3 wks of isocaloric (weight maintenance) refeeding. After weight loss of 16.8 +/- 2.7 kg (mean +/- SE), the fasting plasma glucose level decreased 55% from 277 +/- 21 to 123 +/- 8 mg/dl. The individual fasting glucose levels were highly correlated with the elevated basal rates of hepatic glucose output (HGO) (r = 0.91, P less than .001), which fell from 138 +/- 11 to 87 +/- 5 mg X m-2 X min-1 after weight loss. The change in fasting plasma glucose also correlated significantly with the change in the basal rates of HGO (r = 0.74, P less than .05). This was associated with reduced fasting serum levels of glucagon (from 229 +/- 15 to 141 +/- 12 pg/ml), reduced free fatty acids (from 791 +/- 87 to 379 +/- 35 mu eq/L), and unchanged basal insulin levels (17 +/- 4 to 15 +/- 2 microU/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
D019325:3-O-Methylglucose; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D008757:Methylglucosides / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008757:Methylglucosides; D019325:3-O-Methylglucose; D005947:Glucose