title: [Echography and fetal urinary malformations].
abstract: A great number of malformations of the foetal urinary tract can now be discovered during the antenatal period, due to the technological development of ultrasound in the light of foetal physiology: firstly the case of a severe oligohydramnios indicating a bilateral renal malformation and underlining its seriousness which is lethal in most cases: early severe oligohydramnios leads to very serious pulmonary hypoplasia of which the child will die at birth even if he only presents a surgically curable malformation such as lower urinary tract valves. This severe oligohydramnios is seen in bilateral renal agenesis, infantile polycystic kidney disease, multicystic bilateral dysplasia, lower urinary tract obstructions. Absence of oligohydramnios: unilateral malformation (it must be taken into consideration that normality of the contralateral kidney is not always easy to confirm by ultrasound). This is the case of unilateral hydronephrosis, unilateral renal agenesis, unilateral multicystic dysplasia, solid renal dysplasia, unilateral primary megaureter. Finally, complex malformations, where the diagnosis and management are problematic because the intensity of the effects is difficult to evaluate, the complexity of the malformation makes the diagnosis uncertain and lastly there exists an oligohydramnios which is more or less severe which makes for a difficult examination. This is the case of bilateral hydronephrosis, lower urinary tract obstructions, Prune Belly syndrome, bilateral primary megaureters, and megabladders.
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007690:Polycystic Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D011535:Prune Belly Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000002:abnormalities*
vernacular_title: Echographie et malformations urinaires foetales.