title: Pharmacologic induction of cholinergic system up-regulation and supersensitivity in affective disorders research.
abstract: Phenomenological, physiological, biochemical, and receptor binding measures are useful as dependent variables in affective disorders research. Abnormalities of these measures can result from up-regulation and supersensitivity of cholinergic systems and disturbances of cholinergic-monoaminergic interaction. These deviations are safely and inexpensively produced by pharmacologic induction of up-regulation and supersensitivity of central muscarinic cholinergic systems. Techniques for inducing these changes in cholinergic systems are reviewed, and principles governing their application to specific problems are illustrated.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D003891:Desipramine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects; D008032:Limbic System / Q000187:drug effects; D008094:Lithium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012106:Research; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D008094:Lithium; D003891:Desipramine