[Blood flow patterns in the left ventricle in patients with myocardial infarction and ventricular aneurysm: evaluation using real-time two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography].
To evaluate how the intraventricular blood flow is affected by the size of a left ventricular aneurysm and ventricular dysfunction, systolic left ventricular blood flow patterns were evaluated using two-dimensional Doppler flow images (real-time 2-D Doppler echo). The subjects consisted of 10 normal controls, 35 patients with anteroseptal infarction, two patients with inferior infarction and five patients with anteroseptal-inferior infarctions. The systolic period was divided into three subsets; early, mid- and end-systole. Forty-two patients with myocardial infarction were classified into three groups according to the left ventricular inflow patterns on real-time 2-D Doppler echo using the apical left ventricular long-axis approach; i.e., inflow signals confined to early systole (Group I), visualized up to mid-systole (Group II) and end-systole (Group III). Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd), left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVDs), and % non-contractile circumference (delta L) were calculated by the same echocardiographic approach. Ejection fraction (EF) was calculated by left ventricular cineangiography using the Simpson's method. The left ventricular inflow Doppler signals in the normal controls and Group I turned in the apex and then directed toward the left ventricular outflow tract during late diastole and early systole. Significant differences in EF were observed among the three groups. EF in Group I, II and III was 53 +/- 9%, 41 +/- 8% and 29 +/- 7%, respectively. However, LVDd, LVDs and delta L had the largest values in Group III and the smallest values in Group I. LVDd, LVDs and delta L were smallest in Group I and largest in Group III. In the normal controls, the left ventricular inflow signals proceeded to the apex and directed toward the left ventricular outflow tract in the early systolic period. Various changes in the inflow pattern were observed in patients with myocardial infarction and severe wall motion abnormalities, including delayed timing in proceeding from the apex to the left ventricular outflow tract, stagnant blood at the apex and further inflow of blood toward the apex even during end-systole. The patients with sustained inflow during late systole had hypofunction of the left ventricle as demonstrated by smaller EF and larger LVDd, LVDs, and delta L. In conclusion, the observation of intracardiac blood flows by real-time 2-D Doppler echo is of help in evaluating the severity of myocardial infarction.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006322:Heart Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013599:Systole