title: Drug-induced pulmonary disease. Part 1: Cytotoxic drugs.
abstract: Numerous pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of cancer have been linked to pulmonary toxic side effects. Mechanisms of damage by these drugs include direct pulmonary toxicity and indirect effects through enhancement of inflammatory reactions. Risk factors for development of pulmonary damage have been elucidated for some agents but they remain unclear for others. Clinical features are similar for most categories of cytotoxic agents, and the most common associated clinical syndrome is chronic pneumonitis/fibrosis. Treatment and outcome vary with each particular agent. In Part 1 of this review, clinical aspects and pathogenic mechanisms of cytotoxic drug-induced pulmonary disease are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000009:adverse effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000502:physiology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000963:Antimetabolites; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds; D003094:Collagen; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D010100:Oxygen