title: Human ultralente insulin: a comparison with porcine lente insulin as a twice-daily insulin in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with fasting hyperglycaemia.
abstract: Six C-peptide-deficient diabetic patients, selected because of raised fasting blood glucose concentrations, participated in a randomised cross-over trial comparing twice-daily porcine soluble plus human ultralente with porcine soluble plus porcine lente insulins. As out-patients, overall mean blood glucose concentrations before and after breakfast were significantly lower during human ultralente therapy (7.2 +/- 0.8 vs 12.0 +/- 1.3, 11.1 +/- 1.0 vs 14.3 +/- 1.0 mmol/l, p less than 0.05), but were unchanged for the rest of the day. During overnight in-patient metabolic profiles a nadir in blood glucose occurred between 2-4 am with both insulin regimens (5.2 +/- 0.9 mmol/l ultralente, 6.5 +/- 1.3 mmol/l lente). Mean fasting and post-breakfast blood glucose levels were significantly lower with human ultralente as were fasting concentrations of glycerol and non-esterified fatty acids (p less than 0.05). Patients with poor overnight metabolic control and raised fasting blood glucose concentrations may benefit from human ultralente insulin, used as part of their twice-daily insulin regimen.
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005215:Fasting; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000097:blood; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D005990:Glycerol; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid