title: Trace elements and antibacterial activity in amniotic fluid.
abstract: Antibacterial activity and trace element concentrations in amniotic fluid (AF) were determined in a population of 39 pregnant women in the second half of gestation. Antibacterial activity in each AF was measured by a spectrophotometric micromethod after 18 h incubation at 37 degrees C using Escherichia coli K 12 as a reference bacterium. Concentrations of zinc, iron, copper, calcium, potassium and bromine were measured by particle-induced X-ray emission method and the zinc concentration was also measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Phosphate concentration was determined by direct albumin adding method. In AFs with good antibacterial activity significantly lower concentrations of potassium and bromine were found when compared to AFs with lower antibacterial activity. Concentrations of zinc, iron, copper, calcium or phosphate did not correlate with antibacterial activity in AF.
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D001966:Bromine / Q000032:analysis; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc; D001966:Bromine