title: Mutagenicity of used crankcase oils from diesel and spark ignition automobiles.
abstract: The Salmonella mutagenicity assay was used to compare the mutagenic activity of used crankcase oil (UCO) from diesel and spark-ignition (gasoline) engine passenger cars. UCO samples were obtained during periodic oil changes from 9 spark-ignition and 10 diesel-powered vehicles. Five samples of unused motor oil were also tested. Direct tests of UCO did not detect mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA-98. Therefore, an extraction procedure was used to concentrate the mutagens and remove interfering chemicals. Extracts were tested both with and without Aroclor-1254-induced rat liver homogenate fraction (S-9). Dose-dependent mutagenicity with and without S-9 was observed in both diesel and spark-ignition engine UCO extracts. Mutagenic activity was also found in unused oil extracts, but it was lower than that in UCO extracts and generally required addition of S-9. The mutagenic potency of diesel UCO extracts was similar to that of gasoline UCO extracts, both with and without addition of S-9. This indicated that potential health risks associated with disposal, handling, and recycling of diesel UCO may not be significantly different from those of UCO from gasoline engines.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001140:Aroclors / Q000633:toxicity; D001336:Automobiles; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine); D004347:Drug Interactions; D005648:Fuel Oils / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium
chemical_list: D001140:Aroclors; D005648:Fuel Oils; D010578:Petroleum; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine)