title: Remarkable metabolic availability of oral glucose during long-duration exercise in humans.
abstract: It was reported previously that glucose ingestion prior to or at the beginning of muscular exercise was a readily available metabolic substrate. The aim of this study was to see what percentage of carbohydrate utilization can be covered by glucose ingested regularly during exercise. Male healthy volunteers exercised for 285 min at approximately 45% of their individual maximal O2 uptake on a 10% uphill treadmill. After 15 min adaptation to exercise they received either 200 g (group G 200) or 400 g (group G 400) glucose (0.25 g X ml H2O-1) orally in eight equal doses repeated every 30 min (G 200 = 8 X 25 g, n = 4; G 400 = 8 X 50 g, n = 4). Indirect calorimetry was used to evaluate carbohydrate and lipid oxidation. Naturally labeled [13C]glucose was used to follow the oxidation of the exogenous glucose. Total carbohydrate oxidation was 341 +/- 22 and 332 +/- 32 g, lipid oxidation was 119 +/- 8 and 105 +/- 5 g, and exogenous glucose oxidation was 137 +/- 4 and 227 +/- 13 g (P less than 0.005) in groups G 200 and G 400, respectively. Endogenous glucose oxidation was about half in G 400 of what it was in G 200: 106 +/- 27 vs. 204 +/- 24 g (P less than 0.02). During the last hour of exercise, exogenous oxidation represented 55.3 and 87.5% of total carbohydrate oxidation for groups G 200 and G 400, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000409:Alanine / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D005082:Physical Exertion; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007328:Insulin; D011506:Proteins; D005947:Glucose; D000409:Alanine; D005990:Glycerol; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid