[Selection of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains in tourists under chemoprophylaxis].
In a prospective study 20 P. falciparum isolates imported from Africa by non-immune tourists were investigated for chloroquine sensitivity using the in vitro microtest and the results were compared with the plasma chloroquine concentration. All 6 patients taking correct chloroquine prophylaxis (chloroquine plasma levels between 0.1-0.5 nmol/ml) harboured highly resistant P. falciparum strains (schizont maturation at 3.2 and 6.4 nmol/ml blood in 3 patients each). In the 4 patients with inadequate prophylaxis (plasma levels between 0.02-0.1 nmol/ml) the degree of resistance was lower (at 1.6 and 6.4 nmol/ml blood in 2 patients each). Chloroquine-sensitive strains were found only in patients with chloroquine plasma levels below 0.02 nmol/ml and in 4 of 5 patients who did not show chloroquine in the plasma. Selection of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains under short term chloroquine chemoprophylaxis appears to be highly probable.
D000349:Africa; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013557:Switzerland; D014195:Travel
D002738:Chloroquine
Selektionierung von chloroquinresistenten Plasmodium-falciparum-Stämmen bei Touristen unter Chemoprophylaxe.