Covalent binding of proteins to grafted plastic surfaces suitable for immunoassays. I. Binding capacity and characteristics of grafted polymers.
A method for the introduction of chemically reactive groups onto polymeric surfaces, suitable for immunoassays, is described. The method, referred to as grafting, uses gamma irradiation from a 60Co source to initiate the free radical reaction. Polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride surfaces were grafted with crotonic acid and characterized with ESCA. 2 nmol/cm2 of carboxylic groups were added during the method. Increased hydrophilic properties of the carboxylated surfaces were recorded by contact angle measurements. The grafting reaction did not impair the optical quality of the polymers studied. Various proteins were covalently linked to the modified surfaces of microtiter plates and tubes by means of a water-soluble carbodiimide. A significantly enhanced total capacity and strength of binding to grafted surfaces was demonstrated as compared to passive adsorption of the proteins to untreated surfaces.
D000818:Animals; D003437:Crotonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D010969:Plastics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D011817:Rabbits; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013499:Surface Properties
D003437:Crotonates; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D010969:Plastics; D011137:Polystyrenes; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride