title: Neuromuscular disorders.
abstract: Laryngeal innervation and the functional disorders associated with lower motor neuron paralyses are reviewed. Causes of diffuse denervation, such as drug toxicities and demyelinating disease, are also discussed. Symptoms and treatment of myasthenia gravis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and botulism are discussed as examples of neuromuscular blockade at various levels.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000209:etiology*