AGEPC, a vasodilator phospholipid with profound circulatory actions.
Acetyl-glyceryl-ether-phosphoryl-choline (AGEPC) is a potent platelet activating factor which induces profound circulatory changes. AGEPC is synthesized in a variety of cell types including platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, basophils and endothelial cells. Biological responses include platelet activation, neutrophil activation, release of arachidonic acid metabolites and systemic anaphylaxis. Circulatory responses to AGEPC were evaluated in the present investigation. Intravenous administration of AGEPC (30 micrograms/kg/min) to anesthetized dogs reduced blood pressure, cardiac output, myocardial contractile force, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration. Intracoronary administration of AGEPC (0.3-3 micrograms) reduced blood pressure, coronary blood flow, and myocardial contractile force. Administration of AGEPC into the femoral vascular bed increased femoral artery blood flow. The data suggest that the circulatory response to AGEPC in the dog is complex and depends on the site of administration. The predominant response is hypotension mediated at least in part through myocardial depression. Intramuscular injection of AGEPC (10-30 micrograms/kg) to conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) reduced systemic blood pressure and increased heart rate. In pithed rats, AGEPC decreased pressor responses to sympathetic stimulation, angiotensin II and phenylephrine. Chronotropic responses were unchanged. Thus, antihypertensive doses of AGEPC reduced pressor responsiveness nonspecifically, but do not affect pre- or post-junctional adrenergic mechanisms. High concentrations of AGEPC (100 microM) relaxed phenylephrine contracted rabbit aortic rings. Relaxation was dependent on an intact endothelium. Lyso-GEPC produced similar actions. In light of the low potency of AGEPC and the activity of lyso-GEPC, physiological significance to endothelium dependent relaxation by AGEPC in rabbit aortic rings is unlikely. The physiological role of AGEPC in circulatory homeostasis is unclear at present. AGEPC may play a hypotensive role in some forms of experimental hypertension. In addition, AGEPC may mediate part of the circulatory derangements associated with cardiac anaphylaxis. Lastly, AGEPC may be involved in circulatory control during states of platelet and/or neutrophil activation such as myocardial ischemia and shock.
D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D014665:Vasodilator Agents