IgE and IgG antibodies to beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin associated with urticarial reactions to rabies vaccine.
We examined the antibody response to a rabies vaccine doubly inactivated with 0.025% beta-propiolactone and 0.1% tri(n)butyl phosphate and stabilized with 2.5% human serum albumin. Antibodies were measured by using the following four antigen preparations: complete doubly inactivated rabies vaccine, rabies vaccine inactivated only with tri(n)butyl phosphate, beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin, and human serum albumin alone. The fluid phase of the preparation of beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin completely inhibited IgE binding to solid-phase vaccine. Of 21 subjects with urticarial reactions to a booster, 19 had IgE to doubly inactivated vaccine and to beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin. None of 27 immunized subjects without urticaria had detectable IgE. In paired pre- and postimmunization sera, IgE appeared in six of seven of the subjects with urticaria and in one of seven nonreactors. These sera did not contain a significant level of IgE to singly inactivated vaccine or to human serum albumin alone.
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D007783:Lactones / Q000276:immunology*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011420:Propiolactone / Q000276:immunology*; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000276:immunology; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000276:immunology*; D014581:Urticaria / Q000209:etiology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007783:Lactones; D011819:Rabies Vaccines; D012709:Serum Albumin; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D011420:Propiolactone