Use of parasite antigen detection to monitor the success of drug therapy in Dirofilaria immitis-infected dogs.
Recently the authors developed a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay for circulating Dirofilaria immitis antigen and demonstrated its utility as a diagnostic tool for canine dirofilariasis. In the present study, serum parasite antigen measurements were used to monitor the success of thiacetarsamide therapy in 2 controlled trials that involved 24 naturally infected dogs. Parasite antigen levels correlated significantly with adult worm burdens in untreated control dogs. Antigen levels fell dramatically by 8 wk after treatment in successfully treated dogs and were undetectable 12 wk after treatment in dogs that were parasitologically cured. Microfilarial counts exhibited seasonal periodicity in both treated and control dogs and were not useful in monitoring the success of adulticide therapy. Parasite antigen detection is quite useful in monitoring the efficacy of adulticide therapy for dogs infected with D. immitis. This approach may lead to improved clinical use of thiacetarsamide, and it should facilitate evaluation of new drugs for this important infection.
D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000032:analysis*; D001148:Arsenamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004183:Dirofilaria immitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004184:Dirofilariasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D005370:Filarioidea / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques
D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D001152:Arsenicals; D001148:Arsenamide