title: Urinary mucoprotein in pediatric urolithiasis.
abstract: Primary bladder stone is a common pediatric surgical problem in developing countries. Many theories are prevalent. The stone matrix theory is based on increased excretion of its precursor, the uromucoid (the urinary mucoprotein). Uromucoid, studied in urine and stones by the electroimmunodiffusion technique in 49 cases with controls, showed significantly increased excretion in stone cases. Family income and serum protein were the only important influencing factors (negative). Causal relationship between uromucoid excretion, stone matrix, and pediatric bladder stones is discussed. Methylene blue decreased uromucoid excretion but not magnesium oxide, vitamin C or B6 (four common therapeutic drugs for prevention/dissolution of urolithiasis).
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002137:Calculi / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000652:urine*; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000652:urine*; D058949:Uromodulin
chemical_list: D009088:Mucoproteins; C548612:UMOD protein, human; D058949:Uromodulin; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; D011736:Pyridoxine; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D008751:Methylene Blue