Relative efficacy and toxicity of netilmicin and tobramycin in oncology patients.
We prospectively compared the efficacy and safety of netilmicin sulfate or tobramycin sulfate in conjunction with piperacillin sodium in 118 immunocompromised patients with presumed severe infections. The two treatment regimens were equally efficacious. Nephrotoxicity occurred in a similar proportion in patients treated with netilmicin and tobramycin (17% vs 11%). Ototoxicity occurred in four (9.5%) of 42 netilmicin and piperacillin and in 12 (22%) of 54 tobramycin and piperacillin-treated patients. Of those evaluated with posttherapy audiograms, three of four netilmicin and piperacillin-treated patients had auditory thresholds return to baseline compared with one of nine tobramycin and piperacillin-treated patients. The number of greater than or equal to 15-dB increases in auditory threshold as a proportion of total greater than or equal to 15-dB changes (increases and decreases) was significantly lower in netilmicin and piperacillin- vs tobramycin and piperacillin-treated patients (18 of 78 vs 67 of 115). We conclude that aminoglycoside-associated ototoxicity was less severe and more often reversible with netilmicin than with tobramycin.
D000328:Adult; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007239:Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D009428:Netilmicin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D009428:Netilmicin; D014031:Tobramycin; D010878:Piperacillin