title: Influence of water quality on in vitro fertilization and embryo development for the mouse.
abstract: Mouse in vitro fertilization and embryo culture were performed in media prepared with five different water preparations. The results of the experiments improved with the frequency of distillation. Each water preparation was analyzed by the measurement of the electrical conductivities and inorganic ion concentrations and by high-performance liquid chromatography to examine the mutual relation between water quality and the method of water purification. The best results were obtained with Milli-Q water, which had the lowest concentration of inorganic ions and organic compounds. On the contrary, unexpected contamination by organic compounds and zinc ions occurred after multiple distillation, possibly leached from the glassware and silicon tube. The hatching rate seemed to be an appropriate indicator to assess the biological qualities of media for the development of embryos cultured in vitro.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003470:Culture Media; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007477:Ions; D014867:Water