Antibody responses to hemodialysis-related antigens in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Allergic-type reactions during hemodialysis are sometimes due to sensitization to ethylene oxide. To examine the possibility that additional antigens might be a basis for unexplained reactions, antibodies to formaldehyde and phthalate-related antigens and to dialyzer extracts were measured. Unselected sera from 113 chronic hemodialysis patients (CHP) and 200 control subjects were tested for IgG antibodies to formaldehyde-treated human serum albumin (HSA). The IgG antibody activity was confirmed in sera of five CHP who had used formaldehyde-treated dialyzers. These antibodies also reacted with formaldehyde-treated red blood cells. Sera from 71 CHP and 80 controls were tested for IgE antibodies to diethylphthalate-treated HSA; antibody was detected in two CHP sera. With extracts from hollow-fiber dialyzers, IgG antibody was detected in approximately 1/3 and IgM antibodies in approximately 1/2 of CHP sera. This antibody was found in comparable numbers of control sera. It was concluded that these additional substances are immunogenic and could be involved in allergic-type reactions.
D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D005027:Ethylene Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007688:Kidneys, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000276:immunology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000906:Antibodies; D000941:Antigens; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005027:Ethylene Oxide