title: Three distinct forms of rat brain protein kinase C: differential response to unsaturated fatty acids.
abstract: Although the three distinct forms of protein kinase C isolated from rat brain soluble fraction are structurally very similar, they respond differently to free unsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid to exhibit their catalytic activity. Type I enzyme encoded by gamma-sequence, as predicted by cDNA clone analysis, responds to these fatty acids only slightly, whereas Type III enzyme determined by alpha-sequence is activated by free unsaturated fatty acids in the presence of Ca2+ in a comparable manner to phosphatidylserine plus diacylglycerol. Type II, a mixture of two enzymes encoded by beta I- and beta II-sequence, resulting from alternative splicing, shows properties in between those of Type I and Type III. Some of these forms of protein kinase C may function at a relatively later phase of cellular responses when large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids and Ca2+ are mobilized.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007536:Isomerism; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium