title: [Reduction of table salt and diuretic therapy in arterial hypertension in childhood].
abstract: Experimental, epidemiological and clinical evidence indicates that salt plays a major role in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. Endocrine and membrane ion transport studies suggest a genetic disposition with regard to salt susceptibility. In the industrialized countries sodium intake in children probably exceeds the physiological needs. However, a reduction of salt consumption in the general paediatric population cannot be recommended as the longterm risk benefit ratio is currently unknown. In children with manifest arterial hypertension sodium intake should be reduced below 2 mval/kg/day. Diuretic therapy is an important part of antihypertensive treatment. Thiazides and in renal insufficiency furosemide are the drugs of choice. The side effects of diuretic therapy, such as hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia, in children require further investigation.
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D004232:Diuretics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics
vernacular_title: Kochsalzreduktion und diuretische Therapie bei arterieller Hypertonie im Kindesalter.