The effect of impulse intensity and the number of impulses on hearing and cochlear pathology in the chinchilla.
Forty-one chinchillas, divided into seven groups, were exposed to 1, 10, or 100 noise impulses (one every 3s) having peak intensities of 131, 135, 139, or 147 dB. Hearing thresholds were measured in each animal before and after exposure using an avoidance conditioning procedure; a surface preparation of the cochlear sensory epithelia was performed approximately 90 days after exposure. There was generally an orderly relation between the amount of permanent threshold shift and the severity of exposure, and a general agreement between averaged histological data and the audiometric data. For the impulses used in this study, there is a range of intensities which is bounded on the high side by the intensity which just produces injury with single impulse exposures and bounded on the low side by a critical intensity below which the injury potential drops precipitously with a reduction of impulse intensity. This region is only about 10-15 dB wide for the exposure conditions of this experiment. Within this region, the threshold of injury is a constant total energy; i.e., 10-dB change of intensity implies a tenfold change in the number of impulses for threshold injury. Detailed relations between temporary and permanent threshold shift, cochlear pathology, and exposure variables are discussed, as are the implications of these data to the development of exposure criteria.
D000818:Animals; D001305:Auditory Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D002682:Chinchilla; D003051:Cochlea / Q000473:pathology*; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000473:pathology; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000473:pathology*; D008144:Loudness Perception / Q000502:physiology*