Retinoic acid induction of stress proteins in fetal mouse limb buds.
Retinoic acid (RA) is teratogenic in rodent embryos. Several teratogens have been shown to induce the synthesis of a subset of heat shock proteins (stress proteins) in Drosophila. To determine if RA induces the synthesis of these proteins in rodent embryos, pregnant ICR mice were dosed with 100 mg/kg RA on Day 11 of gestation. Forelimb buds were removed from embryos 2.5 hr post-RA-treatment and nuclei were isolated, stained, and sorted from stages of the cell cycle. Nuclear proteins were extracted and analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nuclear proteins with molecular weights of approximately 84 and 25 kDa were synthesized in embryos in the G0 + G1 phase after pregnant dams were treated with RA. Isoelectric points, molecular weights, immunochemical blotting, and polypeptide mapping demonstrated that these proteins are indistinguishable from stress proteins isolated under a variety of conditions from rat submaxillary glands and mouse lymphoma cells. These results suggest that treatment with RA induces the synthesis of a subset of stress proteins; the role of these proteins in the teratogenic effects of RA is not known.
D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005552:Forelimb / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008970:Molecular Weight; D051381:Rats; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000032:analysis; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D014212:Tretinoin