title: Clopamide: plasma concentrations and diuretic effect in humans.
abstract: Clopamide pharmacokinetics were determined after oral doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg in normal volunteers. Maximum plasma concentrations occurred within 2 hours and were followed by a monoexponential decline with an elimination half-life of approximately 10 hours. There was an approximately linear relationship between dose and the AUC. Urinary sodium, chloride, and potassium excretion rates indicated that the peak diuretic activity corresponded with peak plasma drug concentrations and probably continued for 12 to 24 hours. There was little difference between the total sodium and chloride output after each dose of clopamide, suggesting that 5 mg may have been close to the top of the dose-response curve. Chlorothiazide, 500 mg, caused less sodium and chloride output with similar potassium loss. During chronic administration to patients with hypertension, hypokalemia was more marked with clopamide, 10 mg daily, than with clopamide, 5 mg, or chlorothiazide, 500 mg daily.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002740:Chlorothiazide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003005:Clopamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D003005:Clopamide; D002740:Chlorothiazide