title: In vitro activity of Ro 15-8074 and Ro 19-5247 in comparison to cefaclor and cefalexin.
abstract: 805 clinical isolates were investigated for their in vitro sensitivity against Ro 15-8074 and Ro 19-5247 in comparison to cefaclor and cefalexin in a serial dilution test on solid medium. Ro 19-5247 had the strongest activity of all drugs tested against streptococci (except Streptococcus faecalis) and was as active as cefaclor and cefalexin against most strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Ro 19-5247 was the only oral cephalosporin active against Bordetella pertussis. It was on average 160 times more active than cefaclor against Haemophilus influenzae. In its activity against enterobacteria Ro 19-5247 was always superior to cefaclor and cefalexin. Only a few strains of Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Serratia marcescens were resistant to Ro 19-5247 as were all strains of Enterobacter agglomerans and Klebsiella ozaenae. Ro 15-8074 was inactive against staphylococci but ten times more active than cefaclor and cefalexin against Streptococcus pyogenes. There was no difference in the activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Against Haemophilus influenzae Ro 15-8074 acted 12 times stronger than cefaclor and 100 times stronger than cefalexin. The activity against enterobacteria corresponded to that of Ro 19-5247. Ro 15-8074 was also active against most strains of Enterobacter cloacae and Proteus vulgaris which were resistant to cefaclor and cefalexin.
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015281:Cefmenoxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D015296:Ceftizoxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002506:Cephalexin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; C047444:cefetamet; D002433:Cefaclor; C049493:cefteram; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D015281:Cefmenoxime; D002506:Cephalexin