title: Contrasting dopaminergic patterns in two forms of genetic hypertension.
abstract: Dopaminergic mechanisms in genetic hypertension were explored via the measurement of catecholamine (CA) turnover, tissue concentration and urinary excretion of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites. In salt-sensitive (S) Dahl rats, the tissue concentration and urinary excretion of DA and its metabolites were decreased in response to salt loading, while adrenal dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (D beta H) activity and aldosterone responsiveness to angiotensin II (A II) were increased. In contrast, spontaneously-hypertensive rats (SHR) showed elevated tissue levels and urinary excretion of DA and its metabolites, adrenal DA turnover and ganglionic DA generation following cholinergic stimulation, but D beta H activity and aldosterone responsiveness to A II were diminished. These two patterns, the hypodopaminergic state in Dahl S rats and the hyperdopaminergic state in SHR, account for two distinct mechanisms of hypertension and precede its development. We detected striking dopaminergic activity-related similarities between Dahl S rats and low-renin essential hypertension (EH) on the one hand, and SHR and non-modulator EH patients on the other.
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008781:Methyltyrosines / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY
chemical_list: D008781:Methyltyrosines; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid