Cellular and humoral response of in ovo-bursectomized chickens to experimental challenge with velogenic Newcastle disease virus.
Humorally deficient, in ovo-bursectomized (Bx) and sham-Bx chickens were vaccinated twice, 1 month apart, with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) Roakin strain and challenged with a velogenic viscerotropic NDV strain via the oronasal route. Hemagglutination-inhibition and seroneutralization tests showed that Bx chickens had reduced antibody-mediated immunity to virus infection. In contrast, they had significantly higher cell-mediated immunity (CMI) before challenge, as estimated simultaneously by determination of blastogenic capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by phytohemagglutinin and by specific antigen stimulation. After virus challenge, there was transitory inhibition of CMI based on marked reductions in levels of stimulation indices, and this impairment in CMI was supported by persistence of virus in Bx chickens for longer periods. Bx chickens resisted challenge, even though antibody titers were well below those considered predictive of resistance to challenge, suggesting that CMI provides a degree of resistance to velogenic NDV.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D002060:Bursa of Fabricius / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D002645:Chickens; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009504:Neutrophils; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D011817:Rabbits; D014422:Turkeys; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D014765:Viral Vaccines