title: Use of botulinum toxin in blepharospasm and other facial spasms.
abstract: Essential blepharospasm is an involuntary spasmodic closure of the eyelids. It frequently makes normal social human life such as reading, driving and even walking almost impossible. Botulinum toxin has been approved for investigational use for treatment of blepharospasm. We report the results and side-effects of botulinum A toxin treatment of the first 13 patients in Finland. Temporary control of spasms was achieved in all patients varying from 1 to 38 weeks with a mean of 11 weeks after the first injection. Most patients needed re-treatment after varying intervals. All complications were transient.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013035:Spasm / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins