Effects of insecticide, diazinon, on pancreas of dog, cat and guinea pig.
The organophosphate insecticide Diazinon has been reported to cause acute pancreatitis in dogs. Based on histochemical examination of the acinar tissue, it was suggested that pancreatic tissue-fixed butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is the target enzyme of organophosphate toxicity. To further evaluate this theory, we exposed dogs, cats, and guinea pigs to a single sublethal dose of the organophosphate insecticide Diazinon (75 mg/kg). In cats, which lack pancreatic BuChE, no pathological changes occurred after two, three, and six hours, whereas in the guinea pigs as in dogs, both having abundant pancreatic BuChE, vacuolization of the acinar cells, interstitial edema and vasculitis indicate acute edematous pancreatitis as early as two hours. Atropine pretreatment (0.2 mg/kg) gave complete protection against pancreatitis. It was concluded that inhibition of pancreatic BuChe leads to cholinergic hyperstimulation of the acinar cell, which results in acute pancreatitis, and that pancreatic BuChE is essential for dogs and guinea pigs to downregulate cholinergic excitation. The insecticide pancreatitis model is considered a simple, non-invasive, reproducible, and cheap and useful method to evaluate early changes and methods of treatment in acute pancreatitis. Pancreatitis in humans has also been reported after accidental insecticide exposure.
D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D003976:Diazinon / Q000633:toxicity*; D004285:Dogs; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012633:Secretin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013045:Species Specificity
D007306:Insecticides; D012633:Secretin; D001285:Atropine; D003976:Diazinon