title: Two-stage liver carcinogenesis in the mouse.
abstract: A two-stage protocol for studying liver carcinogenesis was applied to the mouse. The protocol includes the treatment of 7-day-old mice with a single low dose of an initiating agent (diethylnitrosamine, NDEA), promotion starting after weaning and lasting about 20 weeks, and histologic analysis, at 30 weeks of age, of hepatocellular nodules on H&E stained sections. A stereologic analysis of results allows the evaluation of nodule frequency and size. Using this protocol in B6C3 and B6C mice, we have identified the promoting activity of the phenobarbital-like enzyme inducer, 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOP), which was found to be a strong hyperplaseogenic agent for mouse liver. These studies also indicated that the different susceptibility to hepatocarcinogenesis in B6C3 and B6C mice may be related to a higher susceptibility of B6C3 than B6C initiated liver cells to growth stimulation. A long-term study showed that B6C mice have a low incidence of spontaneous liver tumors but are susceptible to chemical hepatocarcinogenesis and, therefore, they may be an alternative model to B6C3 mice in carcinogenesis bioassays.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011725:Pyridines / Q000633:toxicity*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D011725:Pyridines; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; C028474:1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene