Effect of the topical application of some newer antibiotics on the cerebral cortex.
Five currently used antibiotics--moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, metronidazole, and piperacillin--and bacitracin were compared for epileptogenetic effect against penicillin G as a standard when applied directly to cat cerebral cortex. Piperacillin was half as epileptogenic as penicillin. Moxalactam, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone showed epileptogenicity one-fourth to one-eighth that of penicillin on a milligram per cubic centimetre basis. Neither metronidazole nor bacitracin produced any focal seizure activity at the highest concentrations tested. Some of the newer cephalosporin antibiotics may have a significant risk of inducing seizure activity if high concentrations come in direct contact with neocortical tissue.
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001414:Bacitracin / Q000633:toxicity; D002415:Cats; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000633:toxicity; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000633:toxicity; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects*; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000633:toxicity; D009070:Moxalactam / Q000633:toxicity; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000633:toxicity
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001414:Bacitracin; D008795:Metronidazole; D002438:Cefoperazone; D002439:Cefotaxime; D009070:Moxalactam; D010878:Piperacillin