title: Use of breast stimulation for contraction stress tests.
abstract: A breast stimulation technique is currently being used for stimulation of uterine contractions when a contraction stress test is indicated for antepartal fetal evaluation. The breast stimulation stress test is considered a practical alternative to the intravenous oxytocin stress test and may be as effective in producing contractions adequate for evaluation of fetal reserve as reflected in a fetal heart rate tracing. Along with a review of related research findings and the purpose of using the breast stimulation stress test indications for use and a step-by-step protocol are provided. In addition, the problem of hyperstimulation of uterine contractions and psychological considerations for the pregnant patient requiring a breast stimulation stress test are included.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D009558:Nipples / Q000502:physiology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014590:Uterine Contraction