title: Influence of diuretics on renal lithium excretion and tissue distribution of some cations in saline loaded young and adult rats.
abstract: In 5- and 105-day-old rats the effect of acetazolamide, cyclopenthiazide, and/or a saline load on renal lithium excretion as well as on lithium, sodium and potassium concentrations in serum and in various tissues (kidney, muscle, intestine, liver, brain) was investigated during the first 3 h after ip. administration of lithium. The administration of acetazolamide or saline led to a significant increase in renal lithium elimination in animals of both age groups, which could be stimulated additionally, when both substances were given simultaneously. In principle, increased renal lithium excretion is paralleled by enhanced sodium elimination. There was evidence for an inhibition of renal tubular lithium reabsorption and besides, extrarenal changes were observed in the lithium, sodium, and potassium distribution, which have consequences for lithium elimination as well. Lithium is accumulated to a different extent in each of the tissues investigated. Furthermore, tissue accumulation and efflux rate of lithium strongly depend on age. The influences of the diuretics and/or saline administration on possible mechanisms of renal and extrarenal lithium movements are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002412:Cations / Q000378:metabolism*; D003518:Cyclopenthiazide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008094:Lithium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D004232:Diuretics; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium; D000086:Acetazolamide; D011188:Potassium; D003518:Cyclopenthiazide