Monensin toxicosis in swine: potentiation by tiamulin administration and ameliorative effect of treatment with selenium and/or vitamin E.
Modulation of acute monensin toxicosis in swine was evaluated in 2 studies. In study 1, 56 weanling male pigs were allotted to 14 groups of 4 each. Pigs in 7 groups were given tiamulin in the drinking water (to supply 7.7 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 3 days before and for 2 days after monensin administration. Monensin was given as a single oral dose (at 0, 7.5, 15, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg) to pigs in groups with or without tiamulin exposure. Prominent acute clinical signs of monensin toxicosis (hypermetria, hind limb ataxia, paresis, knuckling of hind limbs, and recumbency) developed by 2 to 6 hours after dosing in pigs given 15 or 25 mg of monensin/kg with tiamulin exposure, but not in pigs given the 15 or 25 mg of monensin/kg without tiamulin exposure. Also, the extent of monensin-induced skeletal muscle damage at 4 days after monensin dosing was enhanced in pigs given 7.5, 15, or 25 mg of monensin/kg and exposed to tiamulin. In study 2, 48 weanling male pigs were allotted to 8 groups of 6 each. Four groups of pigs were given 20 mg of monensin/kg orally, and 4 groups were given 100 mg of monensin/kg orally. For each monensin dose, a group was treated 24 hours before monensin administration with (i) selenium (Se)-vitamin E preparation, 0.25 mg of Se and 68 IU of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E)/kg, IM; (ii) vitamin E only, 68 IU of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg; (iii) Se only, 0.25 mg of Se/kg; or (iv) vehicle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Van Vleet
J F
JF
Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
Runnels
L J
LJ
Cook
J R
JR
Scheidt
A B
AB
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D008297:Male; D008985:Monensin / Q000506:poisoning*; D012643:Selenium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D014810:Vitamin E; D008985:Monensin; C014224:tiamulin; D012643:Selenium