title: Critical concentration of cadmium for renal toxicity in rats.
abstract: To evaluate a critical concentration concept of cadmium (Cd) toxicity on the kidney, relationships of renal Cd level with urinary excretion of various substances--i.e., metallothionein, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, total protein, Cd, copper, and zinc--were studied in Cd-injected rats. At the renal Cd concentration of 100-200 micrograms/g tissue, a dramatic increase of all these substances in urine was observed, supporting the idea of the critical concentration proposed by Friberg and co-workers (1974). The significance of increase of urinary metallothionein below this level is also discussed.
authors: Environmental Health Sciences Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Tohyama
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Sugihira
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Saito
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D003300:Copper / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000652:urine; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D015032:Zinc / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D003300:Copper; D008668:Metallothionein; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D015032:Zinc