title: Cloacal exstrophy: a report of 34 cases.
abstract: A clinical review is presented on 34 patients with cloacal exstrophy who were seen between 1963 and 1986. The patients were separated into 2 main groups: classical cloacal exstrophy (type I) and variant cloacal exstrophy (type II). In the classical cases 3 surface patterns were recognized: A-hemibladders confluent cranial to the bowel, B-hemibladders lateral to the bowel and C-hemibladders confluent caudal to the bowel. Surgical reconstruction was performed in 24 patients, with a 50 per cent survival rate. However, there was marked improvement in survival from 22 per cent between 1963 and 1978 to 90 per cent between 1979 and 1986.
authors: Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Hurwitz
authors: G A
authors: GA
authors: Manzoni
authors: P G
authors: PG
authors: Ransley
authors: F D
authors: FD
authors: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000601:surgery; D002988:Cloaca / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005835:Genitalia / Q000002:abnormalities; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases; D007422:Intestines / Q000002:abnormalities; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000002:abnormalities