Antidiuretic effect and pharmacokinetics of oral 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin. 1. Studies in adults and children.
The dose-response relationships and pharmacokinetics of orally administered 1-desamino-8-D-AVP (DDAVP) were investigated. In water-loaded normal subjects marked reductions in urine flow rate and increases in urinary osmolality occurred. The responses were maximal 2 h after ingestion of 50, 100, and 200 micrograms, and lasted at least 6 h. Plasma DDAVP levels increased in a dose-dependent fashion and its disappearance from the plasma followed an exponential time course, with a half-life 86 to 142 min. In water-loaded adults with central diabetes insipidus (CDI), 200 micrograms oral DDAVP caused marked antidiuresis and mean urinary osmolality increased from 107 mosm/kg to 554 mosm/kg after 3 h. In these patients the effect also lasted at least 6 h. Children with CDI were less sensitive than normal subjects to the 50-microgram dosage and required 100 micrograms orally to achieve a duration of action similar to that resulting from 200 micrograms in adults. Oral DDAVP may be useful for treating some patients with CDI.
T D
TD
Williams
D B
DB
Dunger
C C
CC
Lyon
R J
RJ
Lewis
F
F
Taylor
S L
SL
Lightman
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D003919:Diabetes Insipidus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration
D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin