Genotoxic properties of haloacetonitriles: drinking water by-products of chlorine disinfection.
Chlorinated and brominated haloacetonitriles (HAN), known drinking water contaminants which form during chlorine disinfection, were investigated for genotoxic activity. The HAN produced DNA strand breaks in cultured human lymphoblastic (CCRF-CEM) cells, bound to the nucleophilic trapping agent 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine and formed a covalent bond to polyadenylic acid in a cell-free reaction system. Thus, we have demonstrated that these chemicals are genotoxic, which would indicate a potential for carcinogenic activity and for human health hazard.
F B
FB
Daniel
K M
KM
Schenck
J K
JK
Mattox
E L
EL
Lin
D L
DL
Haas
M A
MA
Pereira
D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000478:Alkylation; D000818:Animals; D001966:Bromine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002713:Chlorine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004203:Disinfection; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000633:toxicity; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009153:Mutagens; D011725:Pyridines; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D013242:Sterilization; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters / Q000633:toxicity; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
D000097:Acetonitriles; D009153:Mutagens; D011725:Pyridines; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters; D014873:Water Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C008633:4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine; D002713:Chlorine; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D004247:DNA; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate; C007482:dimethyl sulfate; D001966:Bromine; C032159:acetonitrile