title: Purification and characterization of N,N-dimethylformamidase from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3.
abstract: The N,N-dimethylformamide-hydrolyzing enzyme (DMFase) from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3 has been purified to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity with an overall 49-fold purification, a 24% yield and a final specific activity of 1.98 mumol N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) hydrolyzed min-1 (mg protein)-1. The native DMFase has a relative molecular mass of 250 000 and is composed of two light-chain (Mr = 15 000) and two heavy-chain (Mr = 105 000) subunits. The stability of DMFase is optimal at pH values above 7.5 and at temperatures below 20 degrees C. The activity of the enzyme is inhibited by metal-chelating agents such as EDTA and 2,2'-dipyridyl. Emission and atomic absorption spectroscopy measurements showed that iron is present in significant amounts in DMFase, indicating that it is an iron-containing amidohydrolase. In the ultraviolet/visible spectrum prominent bands were observed at 224 nm, 280 nm and 396 nm and shoulders are present at 418 nm and 467 nm. DMFase from Ps. DMF 3/3 has an isoelectric point of 7.7. The enzyme exhibits optimal activity between pH 5 and 6 and at 40 degrees C. The substrate spectrum is rather narrow. The enzyme hydrolyzes preferentially substituted short-chain aliphatic amides such as DMF, N-ethylformamide and N-methylformamide. N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and unsubstituted amides, e.g. formamide, prolinamide, acetamide, acrylamide and butyramide are substrates as well, but are hydrolysed at significantly lower rates. DMFase obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics and its Km and Vmax values for DMF are 13.8 mM and 1.89 U/mg, respectively, as determined from a Lineweaver-Burk plot.
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000378:metabolism*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D004126:Dimethylformamide; D000581:Amidohydrolases; C049646:N,N-dimethylformamidase