title: Relative toxicity of technical material and commercial formulation of malathion and endosulfan to a freshwater fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch).
abstract: Relative toxicity of technical and commercial formulations of malathion and endosulfan were evaluated by determining LC50 values and their 95% confidence interval end points for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr exposure to Channa punctatus using the "trimmed Spearman-Karber method." The commercial formulations of malathion and endosulfan were 1.176 and 1.88 times more toxic than their technical materials, respectively. Ninety-six-hour LC50 values (0% trimming) of technical and commercial formulations of malathion and endosulfan (95% confidence interval in parentheses) were 4.51 (4.11-4.96) and 3.89 (3.46-4.38) mg/liter, and 5.78 (4.49-7.44) and 3.07 (2.43-3.84) micrograms/liter, respectively. Fishes showed characteristic changes in behavior when exposed to various concentrations of these insecticides.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000633:toxicity*; D005399:Fishes / Q000502:physiology*; D005618:Fresh Water; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008294:Malathion / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004726:Endosulfan; D008294:Malathion