title: Teratogenic effects of nigericin, a carboxylic ionophore.
abstract: Nigericin (Na+ salt) was given intraperitoneally at doses of 5.0 or 7.0 mg/kg on one of gestation days 7-12 to pregnant CD-1 mice. Additional mice were injected ip with 2.5 mg/kg on day 11 or 12 only. Injections on single gestation days reduced fetal growth and increased prenatal deaths. Additional signs of toxicity to the conceptus included treatment-related extra ribs and delayed ossification. Treatment was also associated with gross and skeletal malformations, such as median facial cleft, exencephaly, encephalocele, fused ribs, and anomalous vertebrae and exoccipitals. With the possible exception of the 5.0 mg/kg dose given on gestation day 8, nigericin doses associated with gross or skeletal malformations also resulted in observable maternal toxicity.
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000002:abnormalities; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D009550:Nigericin / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013723:Teratogens
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013723:Teratogens; D009550:Nigericin