title: To early distinguish neonatal transient leukemoid proliferation from congenital leukemia by in vitro cell growth.
abstract: To differentiate neonatal transient leukemoid proliferation from congenital leukemia at an early stage is often difficult. Bone marrow culture is found to be helpful in this aspect. A normal in vitro growth pattern suggests transient leukemoid proliferation, while an abnormal growth pattern indicates congenital leukemia. A neonate who manifested with pictures mimicking acute myeloblastic leukemia (M1), had a karyotype of 46, XY/46, XY, i(21 q). However, the in vitro growth pattern was normal and so only supportive treatment was given. All the leukemoid manifestations disappeared several months later and he is now a healthy 2 year old boy remaining in complete remission. A second neonate who also displayed features of acute myeloblastic leukemia (M2), had a karyotype of 46, XY/47, XY, + 21 and abnormal in vitro growth pattern. This neonate died at 18 days of age.
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007621:Karyotyping; D007938:Leukemia / Q000151:congenital* / Q000473:pathology; D007955:Leukemoid Reaction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male