title: Preservation of renal function in the rat remnant kidney model of chronic renal failure by blood pressure reduction.
abstract: The remnant kidney model of chronic renal failure was established in female Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to surgical removal of the right kidney and segmental infarction of seven-eighths of the left kidney. Plasma creatinine (mumol/l) rose from 65 (s.e.m. = 16, n = 18) to 153 (s.e.m. = 27, t-test, P less than 0.001, d.f. = 17) over 6 weeks. Histological glomerulosclerotic lesions were present from 2 weeks and prominent by 6 weeks post-surgery. Rats were treated with enalapril (5 mg/kg per day, n = 11) or felodipine (30 mg/kg per day, n = 13) from 1 week post-surgery, and their course compared to untreated rats (n = 18). Blood pressure (mmHg) was lowered by both treatments. Six weeks post-nephrectomy, systolic blood pressure in the untreated group was 176 (s.e.m. = 7, n = 18), enalapril group 122 (s.e.m. = 5, t-test, P less than 0.001, d.f. = 27), and felodipine group 128 (s.e.m. = 3, t-test, P less than 0.001, d.f. = 29). Plasma creatinine (mumol/l) was lower in the enalapril group (110, s.e.m. = 8, t-test, P less than 0.05, d.f. = 27) but not the felodipine group (173, s.e.m. = 19, t-test, n.s.) 6 weeks after subtotal nephrectomy compared to the untreated group (153, s.e.m. = 27). Glomerulosclerosis (blinded histological score) was reduced with enalapril treatment (1.93, s.e.m. = 0.03, t-test, P less than 0.05, d.f. = 27) but not felodipine treatment (2.15, s.e.m. = 0.04, c.f. untreated 2.36, s.e.m. = 0.12, t-test, n.s.). Urinary protein excretion (mg/24 h) was 84 (s.e.m. = 22, n = 13) in untreated rats, 15 (s.e.m. = 3, t-test, P less than 0.001, d.f. = 22) in enalapril-treated rats and 221 (s.e.m. = 35, n = 10) with felodipine treatment. Functional and structural damage in the rat remnant kidney model of chronic renal failure was ameliorated by treatment with enalapril but not by treatment with felodipine.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009392:Nephrectomy; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D003404:Creatinine