Evaluation of leukapheresis and thrombocytapheresis in the horse.
Continuous-flow centrifugation leukapheresis techniques were used to collect 300-ml volumes of leukocyte-rich plasma from 5 nonmedicated horses and from 5 corticosteroid-stimulated horses. White blood cell counts and differential counts were performed on the horses before (base line) and up to 48 hours after leukapheresis. Systemic administration of hydrocortisone increased numbers of total WBC and neutrophils and improved harvest of these cells. Nonmedicated horses had a mean yield of 3.38 X 10(10) leukocytes in the 300-ml volume. Stimulated horses yielded a mean of 6.88 X 10(10) leukocytes. After leukapheresis, WBC counts decreased a mean of 38% in nonstimulated horses and decreased a mean of 30% in stimulated horses. By 6 hours after leukapheresis, circulating WBC counts of horses in both groups had returned to preleukapheresis values. The relationship between neutrophil yield and the 4 variables (preleukapheresis WBC count, preleukapheresis neutrophil count, preleukapheresis lymphocyte count, and the PCV of the leukocyte-rich plasma) were examined, using simple (pair-wise) correlation and multiple linear regression. A significant positive correlation was found between neutrophil yield and preleukapheresis WBC and neutrophil counts. Because sodium citrate was used in the collection system to prevent extracorporeal blood coagulation, ionized and total serum calcium concentrations were monitored before and after leukapheresis. Although total serum calcium concentrations remained unchanged, ionized calcium concentrations decreased approximately 33% from base-line values during the 2-hour leukapheresis procedures. Occasional mild muscle fasciculations were the only adverse clinical signs of citrate toxicity exhibited by the horses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
D000818:Animals; D001781:Blood Component Removal / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007937:Leukapheresis / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010983:Plateletpheresis / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*
C007133:hydrocortisone hemisuccinate; D006854:Hydrocortisone