title: Induction of cytochrome P-448 iso-enzymes and related glucuronyltransferases in the human liver by cigarette smoking.
abstract: Human liver 10-20 mg from biopsy samples removed for diagnostic purposes from selected patients has been used for the preparation of microsomes. The activity of certain mono-oxygenases and UDP-glucuronyltransferases, as well as certain other enzymes involved in drug metabolism, has been determined using different substrates as indicators. Smokers oxidized benzo(a)pyrene and 7-ethoxyresorufin and also conjugated alpha-naphthol at a significantly increased rate compared to non-smokers. This indicates induction of certain mono-oxygenases and glucuronyltransferases which differs from the induction produced by phenobarbital. The findings can account for the reduced activity and increased elimination rate of certain drugs prescribed to smokers.
mesh_terms: D001579:Benzopyrene Hydroxylase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D003580:Cytochromes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012907:Smoking; D014166:Transferases / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D003580:Cytochromes; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D001579:Benzopyrene Hydroxylase; C017170:Cyp1a2 protein, rat; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; D014166:Transferases; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases