Fat restriction alters the composition of apolipoprotein B-100 containing very low-density lipoproteins in humans.
We investigated effects of fat saturation and fat restriction on very low-density apolipoproteins (VLDL) including the isoforms. Normolipidemic women (22) were given a reference diet, a polyunsaturated diet, and a low-fat, polyunsaturated diet for 6 wk each. The polyunsaturated diet decreased cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels in VLDL (-33.1% and -23.8%) and in LDL (-13.5% and -8.8%) without affecting HDL. The low-fat, polyunsaturated diet resulted in a reincrease of VLDL triglycerides, but not of VLDL cholesterol. Concentration of VLDL apolipoprotein B fell further (-41.6%). All VLDL apolipoprotein B was in the B-100 region. Though the apolipoprotein E phenotype (E-3/E-3) remained constant, a shift to more (nonsialated) apolipoprotein E isoforms could be confirmed, resulting in an increased apolipoprotein E-3 to apolipoprotein E-2 area ratio (+30.6%). This study indicates that restriction of dietary-fat intake alters the composition of apolipoprotein B-100 containing VLDL that may be favorable for atherogenesis.
D000328:Adult; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000032:analysis*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis
D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol