title: Prevention of adriamycin cardiotoxicity by niacin, isocitrate or N-acetyl-cysteine in mice. A morphological study.
abstract: Adriamycin is known to produce treatment limiting cardiotoxicity. We studied the effect of niacin, isocitrate, and N-acetyl-cysteine on cumulative adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in NMRI mice. Pathologic grading of the hearts indicated a significant reduction in myocardial injury. In addition, according to median survival and weight changes there was a significant decrease in toxicity. As demonstrated in Ehrlich ascites tumor, coadministration of N-acetyl-cysteine may interfere with the antitumor activity of adriamycin. In contrast, niacin and isocitrate did not show significant inhibition of antineoplastic activity. Our experiments suggest a promising role of niacin and isocitrate as potential cardioprotectors in the course of chemotherapy with adriamycin.
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002286:Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D007523:Isocitrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009525:Niacin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007523:Isocitrates; D009525:Niacin; D004317:Doxorubicin; C034219:isocitric acid; D000111:Acetylcysteine