title: Optical imaging of cell membrane potential changes induced by applied electric fields.
abstract: We report the first imaging of the spatial distributions of transmembrane potential changes induced in nonexcitable cells by applied external electric fields. These changes are indicated by the fluorescence intensity of a charge-shift potentiometric dye incorporated in the cell plasma membrane and measured by digital intensified video microscopy.
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000502:physiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000502:physiology; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D012434:Secale / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; C050019:1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)-4-(beta)(2-(di-n-butylamino)-6-naphthylvinyl)pyridinium betaine