title: Utilization of nitrogen from 15NH4Cl and [15N]alanine for urea synthesis in hepatocytes from fed and starved rats.
abstract: Utilization of N from 15NH4Cl and [15N]alanine for urea synthesis in hepatocytes isolated from fed and 24 hr starved rats was investigated. In hepatocytes isolated from fed rats, 54 and 65% of the added [15N]ammonia was utilized for urea synthesis in the presence of 0.5 and 2.0 mM NH4Cl, respectively. This utilization of [15N]ammonia in hepatocytes from starved rats was 2-fold lower. The amount of urea synthetized from endogenous sources was, in the presence of 0.5 and 2.0 mM NH4Cl, about 44 and 60% higher than in the control conditions (without NH4Cl). The considerable amount of added ammonia (30-44%) was utilized in processes other than urea synthesis. Alanine markedly diminished the utilization of 15N from NH4Cl in hepatocytes from both fed and starved rats. In these conditions (NH4Cl present), alanine significantly increased the urea formation in hepatocytes from starved rats and failed to affect the urea production in hepatocytes from fed rats. On the basis of 15N determination, it was concluded that both NH4Cl and alanine caused an increase in the utilization of nitrogen from endogenous sources in rat hepatocytes. This conclusion is in contrast with the results based only on the changes in ammonia and urea concentrations.
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004435:Eating; D005215:Fasting; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014508:Urea / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D014508:Urea; D000409:Alanine