title: [Histoplasmosis].
abstract: Histoplasmosis are deep mycoses of present interest: they are part of fungal diseases of A.I.D.S. American histoplasmosis at Histoplasma capsulatum is a world wide disease, particularly present in the U.S.A., time to time observed in Africa south of the Sahara primarily among Europeans. African histoplasmosis at H. duboisii is typically an African continent disease. H. capsulatum is a telluric fungus and man is contaminated from soil to his respiratory tract. It depends on his immunitary status that he develops either a non symptomatic affection or a severe one, even a fatal one. Epidemiology of H. duboisii is still full of unknowns. Pathological manifestations of each disease are very different: American histoplasmosis displays three stages: primary infection, spread attacks spontaneously fatal, chronic pulmonary form simulating sometimes a pseudo-tumor, pathologic manifestations of African histoplasmosis, studied from 206 cases already published, are primarily related to skin, glands and bones attack, displaying either a localized form or an immediately spread form. Diagnosis is based on finding the fungus in different samples, on research of sera-antibodies, often on anatomopathological investigations. At the present time, ketoconazole is the treatment. Histoplasmosis at H. capsulatum as well as at H.duboisii might appear outside endemic zones several years after contamination.
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000666:Amphotericin B; D007654:Ketoconazole
vernacular_title: Les histoplasmoses.