Contact allergy to 4,4'-dihydroxy-(hydroxymethyl)-diphenyl methanes: sensitizers in a phenol-formaldehyde resin.
A particular phenol-formaldehyde resin of the resol type (P-F-R-2) was shown in a previous study to be a good tracer of patients with contact allergy to phenol-formaldehyde resins. Eleven patients with sensitivity to P-F-R-2 participated in the study in which chromatographically separated fractions of P-F-R-2 were patch tested. This procedure was repeated until a positive reaction to a single substance was noted. In this study 3 new sensitizers are reported. Investigations by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry identified the compounds to be 4,4'-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-diphenyl methane (4,4'-H-3-HPM), 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-di-(hydroxymethyl)-diphenyl methane (4,4'-H-3,3'-HPM), and 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,5-di-(hydroxymethyl)-diphenyl methane (4,4'-H-3,5-HPM). Six of the 11 patients reacted to at least one of these compounds. All 6 patients reacted to 4,4'-H-3,3'-HPM and 5 reacted simultaneously to 4,4'-H-3-HPM. Four patients reacted to all 3 compounds tested. By patch testing with serial dilutions (ethanol 99.5%) of the three 4,4'-H-HPM, positive reactions were noted down to 0.5 X 10(-6)%, 1.0 X 10(-6)%, and 1.3 X 10(-3)% w/v for 4,4'-H-3-HPM, 4,4'-H-3,3'-HPM, and 4,4'-H-3,5-HPM, respectively.
D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000276:immunology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000276:immunology*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000276:immunology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000276:immunology*; D012882:Skin Tests
D000485:Allergens; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D005557:Formaldehyde; C050551:4,4'-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)diphenylmethane; C049217:4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-di-(hydroxymethyl)diphenylmethane; C011529:phenol-formaldehyde resin; C049218:4,4'-dihydroxy-3,5-di-(hydroxymethyl)diphenylmethane