title: 24-hour energy expenditure and the menstrual cycle.
abstract: To determine whether 24-h energy expenditure changes during the menstrual cycle, 10 normally menstruating women in their 20s and 40s were measured repeatedly for periods of 36 and 46 h by simultaneous direct and indirect calorimetry. A standardized sedentary daily schedule included three meals to provide food intake equal to expenditure. Eight of the 10 women showed increases of 8-16% during the 14-day luteal phase following ovulation, a significant increase (p less than 0.00002 by direct calorimetry, p less than 0.001 by indirect calorimetry). One subjects, whose increase was 14% following ovulation, showed no significant change during a month when she took an oral contraceptive. Progesterone from the corpus luteum is the likely cause of a 9% increase in 24-h energy expenditure in normally menstruating women.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001831:Body Temperature; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D002151:Calorimetry; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D008875:Middle Aged; D010060:Ovulation; D011374:Progesterone / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone