Chlorpropamide-alcohol flush reaction and isoenzyme profiles of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.
To investigate the enzymatic basis of the chlorpropamide-alcohol flush reaction (CPAF) we compared the isoenzyme profiles of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) from liver biopsies, and of ALDH alone from erythrocytes and leucocytes, in CPAF-positive and CPAF-negative subjects. No differences were seen in ADH or ALDH phenotypes, or in the relative activities of the isoenzymes, between the two groups before chlorpropamide was given; in particular, no subjects showed the 'null' ALDH phenotype that is associated with the alcohol flush reaction in oriental subjects. There was a significant decrease in erythrocyte ALDH activity after 7 days' treatment with chlorpropamide in CPAF-positive individuals but no such difference was seen in CPAF-negative subjects. These results indicate that CPAF has a different enzymatic basis from the alcohol flush reaction of oriental subjects and suggest that in CPAF-positive subjects erythrocyte ALDH may be particularly susceptible to inhibition by chlorpropamide.
D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002747:Chlorpropamide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005483:Flushing / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype
D007527:Isoenzymes; D000431:Ethanol; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D002747:Chlorpropamide