Ocular penetration and efficacy of chloroethyldeoxyuridine against herpetic keratouveitis.
Topical administration of 0.1% or 1% chloroethyldeoxyuridine eyedrops caused a significant reduction in the severity of experimental herpes simplex iritis and stromal keratitis in rabbits. The healing effect caused by chloroethyldeoxyuridine was comparable to that obtained with 0.1% and 0.5% bromovinylde-oxyuridine eyedrops. The drug levels achieved in the anterior chamber fluid following topical application of 1% eyedrops of [2-14C]CEDU, a radiolabelled analogue of chloroethyldeoxyuridine, were well above the minimum concentration (0.1 microgram/mL) required for inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication. The beneficial effects of chloroethyldeoxyuridine on stomal keratitis and iritis appear consistent with its efficient penetration through the cornea.
D000818:Animals; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000378:metabolism; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003857:Deoxyuridine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007500:Iritis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007635:Keratitis, Dendritic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011817:Rabbits
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C020235:brivudine; C047370:5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D003857:Deoxyuridine