title: The anatomical and physiological characteristics of pre-adolescent males and females.
abstract: Two hundred and two pre-adolescent subjects aged 7-12 years were examined on a battery of anatomical and physiological tests. The total sample comprised non-competitive children, and those involved in training for swimming or tennis. A series of analyses of variance were applied to the data to determine whether any differences existed between preadolescent males and females. No significant interaction between age, sex and sporting involvement was found which indicated sex differences to be independent of age and training group. The results revealed that males were superior to females in physical exercise capacity, PWC170, forced vital capacity, and hand grip strength. Males also demonstrated a lesser proportion of body fat than females but were more mesomorphic. No significant differences existed in any of the other tests.
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001824:Body Constitution; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012119:Respiration; D012737:Sex Factors; D013177:Sports