The acoustic middle ear muscle reflex in albino rats.
The acoustic middle ear muscle reflex was studied in albino rats anesthetized with chloralose. The best frequency of the reflex and the threshold at this frequency were on average about 3 kHz and 57 dB SPL, respectively. The threshold increased as frequency increased above, and decreased below, the best frequency at a rate of about 20 dB/octave. Above about 12 kHz, the muscular response showed instability and habituation. Thresholds were similar between stapedius and tensor tympani reflexes and between ipsilateral and contralateral reflexes. The middle ear transmission loss due to the reflex was the greatest and nearly constant below about 1 kHz, where the loss was about 18 dB at the maximal stimulation. Above this frequency the loss decreased as frequency increased up to 20 kHz. Thus the reflex, unlike that in other animals, suppressed transmission over the whole range of reflex-eliciting frequencies. The transfer function of the reflex had a well damped low-pass characteristic with a cut-off frequency of about 20 Hz. From the above characteristics of the reflex, the role of the rat's tympanic muscles in improving ultrasonic hearing under ambient noises was suggested.
D000818:Animals; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D003055:Cochlear Microphonic Potentials; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000502:physiology*; D004576:Electromyography; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012022:Reflex, Acoustic; D013198:Stapedius / Q000294:innervation; D013719:Tensor Tympani / Q000294:innervation