title: Lithium-associated thyrotoxicosis.
abstract: Primary hypothyroidism developed in a 57-year-old woman treated for eight years with lithium carbonate for manic-depressive illness, and nine months later she became thyrotoxic. Although autoimmune disease appeared to be responsible, lithium was suspected to play a contributory role in both phases of her illness. This is the first reported case of hyperthyroidism following hypothyroidism in a lithium-treated patient. The 24 reported cases of lithium-associated thyrotoxicosis and the possible mechanisms that may explain this poorly understood phenomenon are also reviewed.
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008094:Lithium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D008094:Lithium