Urinary metabolites of caffeine in pregnant women.
In a study of caffeine and its metabolites in pregnant and non-pregnant women, on average 56.8% of the administered caffeine dose was recovered in the urine in both groups. However, compared to the controls, the pregnant subjects produced smaller amounts of 1-methylxanthine and 1-methyluric acid, whereas the excretion of most of the other metabolites, particularly 3,7-dimethylxanthine and 3-methylxanthine tended to be greater. It is suggested that hormonal influences on the hepatic caffeine metabolising enzymes might be implicated.
D002110:Caffeine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*; D013806:Theophylline / Q000652:urine; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D014970:Xanthines / Q000652:urine
D014970:Xanthines; D014527:Uric Acid; C008514:methylxanthine; C030530:1-methyluric acid; D002110:Caffeine; D013806:Theophylline; C021183:1,7-dimethylxanthine; C029703:3-methylxanthine