title: Microinjection of kainic acid into the hypothalamus of golden hamsters prevents vasopressin-dependent flank-marking behavior.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to define the vasopressin-sensitive area in the anterior hypothalamus-medial preoptic area (AH-MPOA) of the golden hamster that is involved in the expression of flank-marking behavior. Male hamsters implanted with guide cannulae stereotaxically aimed at various sites in the AH-MPOA were microinjected initially with 0.1 ng of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in a volume of 10 nl. Hamsters that flank-marked in response to these injections were subsequently microinjected into the same sites with kainic acid (0.2 microgram/20 nl; n = 10) or an equal volume of 1 M NaOH as a vehicle control (n = 10). Four days later hamsters were tested for odor-induced flank marking by placing them into the recently vacated home cage of other hamsters and for flank marking in response to the microinjection of AVP. Animals treated with kainic acid exhibited significantly (p less than 0.01) fewer AVP and odor-induced flank marks as compared to the number of flank marks observed prior to treatment. There was no significant reduction in the number of flank marks in hamsters microinjected with the NaOH vehicle. In another group of hamsters, microinjection of kainic acid (0.2 microgram/20 nl) into the 3rd ventricle (n = 4) and other sites of the hypothalamus (n = 4) did not significantly alter odor-induced flank marking. The locations of the microinjection sites indicate that the neurons sensitive to AVP and involved in the expression of flank-marking behavior are found in the ventromedial area of the AH-MPOA extending from the caudal border of the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the rostral limit of the supraoptic nucleus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000819:Animal Communication; D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006224:Cricetinae; D005088:Exocrine Glands / Q000502:physiology*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects*; D007032:Hypothalamus, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000187:drug effects; D012543:Scent Glands / Q000502:physiology*; D012930:Social Dominance; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014667:Vasopressins; D007608:Kainic Acid