title: Pharmacokinetics of oral cyclosporin A (Sandimmun) in healthy subjects.
abstract: Extensive pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles after oral dosing of 300 mg cyclosporin A (CsA) were determined in whole blood by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 14 healthy male volunteers, using two-compartment models with either first order (M1) or zero order (M0) absorption. According to zero order absorption the mean of the following PK parameters was determined: terminal half-life = 12.1 +/- 5.0 h, apparent volume of distribution at steady-state = 5.6 +/- 2.11 X kg-1, apparent clearance = 0.51 +/- 0.11 l X h-1 X kg-1. The time lag between drug ingestion and first blood level was short, 0.38 +/- 0.11 h. Drug absorption lasted for 2.8 +/- 1.6 h. The end of absorption was indicated in each individual by a sharp drop in blood levels. The observations support the assumption that CsA is absorbed in the upper part of the small intestine with a clear-cut termination (absorption window). This assumption may explain the high degree of variability in the bioavailability of CsA.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000097:blood*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins