title: Biochemical risk factors in patients with renal staghorn stone disease.
abstract: Thirty-three patients operated on for renal staghorn calculous disease were studied retrospectively with respect to urine and stone composition, bacteriuria, and abnormalities of the urinary tract. Calcium phosphate was the most common stone constituent, present in 30 of 31 concrements. Twenty-one of these stones also contained magnesium ammonium phosphate, despite the fact that only 10 patients had presented evidence of urinary tract infection during the initial period of the disease. Twenty-four-hour urine composition was normal in only 3 patients. In 59 per cent an increased CaOx risk index was observed suggesting that CaOx risk factors might contribute to the development of staghorn concrements. A metabolic evaluation of staghorn stone formers appears to be of importance for design of the postoperative treatment.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000150:complications; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000032:analysis* / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis*; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D012306:Risk; D000069877:Struvite; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; C485838:calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous; C020243:calcium phosphate; D000069877:Struvite; D008274:Magnesium; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous