title: Health needs of the Vietnam veteran exposed to agent orange.
abstract: This article discusses the use of sprayed herbicides during the Vietnam conflict and the health problems exhibited by the veterans exposed to these chemicals. A short history of health problems attributed to herbicide exposure is given. Experimental research on the effects of dioxin, a byproduct in the manufacture of some herbicides, is limited to laboratory animals. In every instance the tested animal exhibited some ill effects following exposure. The research has shown that the lethal dose varies according to animal species and that the effects of dioxin exposure are cumulative. Reasons are given for the lack of research on the effects of human exposure. Numerous physical and psychological signs and symptoms attributed to agent orange exposure are listed. The stresses on the veteran with these health problems are discussed. The nurse practitioner may be the first health care professional to see these patients. Specific interventions are suggested for the nurse to incorporate into practice.
mesh_terms: D015085:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D000075182:Agent Orange; D000818:Animals; D004147:Dioxins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D012306:Risk; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology; D014744:Vietnam; D014857:Warfare
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D000075182:Agent Orange; D015085:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid