title: [Principles for choosing the antibiotic in neonatology].
abstract: After having decided to treat a neonate with antibiotics, two important topics are knowledge of its nature and surveillance of treatment. Infections of mother origin remain sensitive to the association ampicillin-aminoglycoside, except if the mother had received ampicillin. Nosocomial infections are due to more resistant agents; the nature of antibiotics to treat them depends upon local immunological status. It is necessary to associate an aminoglycoside to ampicillin against E. coli; this association permits a faster bactericidal effect than ampicillin alone, therefore seems better in the beginning of treatment. New antibiotics have improved our therapeutic possibilities; however it is obvious that new cephalosporins are inactive against Listeria. Antimicrobial therapy must be adapted both qualitatively and quantitatively, to obtain a treatment with low toxicity and good efficiency.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
vernacular_title: Principes du choix de l'antibiotique en néonatologie.