title: Mouse apolipoprotein A-IV gene: nucleotide sequence and induction by a high-lipid diet.
abstract: Apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV) functions in conjunction with other apolipoproteins to form lipoprotein particles which are involved in lipid homeostasis. In this report we present the nucleotide sequence of the mouse apo A-IV gene and demonstrate its induction in the liver by chronically high dietary lipid. The apo A-IV gene consists of three exons and two introns. The introns separate evolutionarily conserved and functional polypeptide domains. Intron 1 divides most of the apo A-IV signal peptide from the amino terminus of the mature plasma protein. The second intron separates a highly evolutionarily conserved, variant amphipathic peptide repeat from the remainder of the mature apo A-IV protein. The 5' flanking region has several interesting features. The apo A-IV gene has variant TATA and CAT box sequences, TTTAAA and CCAACG, respectively. There are five G-rich direct repeats of 10 nucleotides and a short inverted repeat in the 5' flanking region. We speculate that these sequence elements in the 5' flanking region may be involved in the regulation of apo A-IV gene expression. We also show that chronically high dietary lipid induces liver apo A-IV levels 10-fold in C57BL/6 mice, a strain susceptible to atherosclerotic lesions, while we observed no induction in nonsusceptible BALB/c and C3H mice.
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005091:Exons; D005796:Genes / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D004041:Dietary Fats; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV; D004247:DNA