title: Comparative effects of nonionic (iopamidol) and ionic (sodium and meglumine diatrizoate) contrast media for urography on urinary excretion of water and solutes.
abstract: Urinary water and solute excretion before and for 40 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of a nonionic (iopamidol) or an ionic medium (sodium meglumine diatrizoate) have been studied in subjects with normal renal function. Iopamidol produced less urinary losses of water, potassium, sodium, and chloride than did diatrizoate; uric acid excretion was also less enhanced. Surprisingly, both contrast agents produced a comparable increase in urinary pH and bicarbonate excretion. These data show that nonionic agents produce fewer changes in urinary excretion of water and solutes; the less enhanced excretion of uric acid after a nonionic medium may be an important reason to choose the latter agents for urography in patients at risk for urate neophropathy.
mesh_terms: D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000652:urine; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D003973:Diatrizoate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007479:Iopamidol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine*; D014567:Urography
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D004573:Electrolytes; D003973:Diatrizoate; D014527:Uric Acid; D007479:Iopamidol