title: Biphasic effects of chlorpromazine on cell viability in a neuroblastoma cell line.
abstract: Although chlorpromazine was shown to greatly inhibit a Ca2+-mediated cell death at favorable concentrations (10(-6)-10(-5) M), it caused a drastic decrease in cell viability at higher concentrations (10(-4)-10(-3) M) in a human neuroblastoma cell line. The toxic effect of chlorpromazine also occurred in Ca2+-free medium and was not parallel to the amount of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances produced. These results indicate that chlorpromazine has biphasic effects on cell viability according to the concentrations added, i.e. a protective effect against cell damage caused by Ca2+, and a direct toxic effect independent of extracellular Ca2+ or of lipid peroxidation.
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D019820:Xanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D014970:Xanthines / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D014970:Xanthines; D019820:Xanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D002118:Calcium; D002746:Chlorpromazine