title: Correlations between physical and physiological properties of various preparations of lung surfactant.
abstract: The physical and physiological properties of natural surfactant were investigated after the addition of various synthetic lipids. Three types of surfactant were studied: 1. Bovine surfactant with rapid spreading (1.6 s) and a relatively high minimal surface tension during surface compression (16 mN/m). 2. The same surfactant enriched with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), tripalmitin, and palmitic acid showing slow spreading (55 s) and low minimal surface tension (5 mN/m). 3. The same surfactant enriched with DPPC and dipalmitin, showing rapid spreading (1.8 s) and low minimal surface tension (6 mN/m). The physiological properties of these surfactants were evaluated in immature newborn rabbits. All three preparations effectively improved lung expansion and stability in pressure-volume recordings, increased tidal volumes during artificial ventilation, and enhanced alveolar volume density in histological sections. The magnitude of the therapeutic effects was similar for non-enriched and enriched materials. Thus, wide variations in in vitro surface properties do not seem to influence the in vivo activity of the surfactant preparations.
mesh_terms: D015060:1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002417:Cattle; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013990:Tidal Volume; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010169:Palmitic Acids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D015060:1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; C005859:tripalmitin