Effect of diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease on HDL metabolism.
Different types of diabetes mellitus have different effects on high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Impaired glucose tolerance may be associated with no change or a slight decrease in HDL cholesterol. Type I diabetes may have normal or elevated HDL cholesterol levels. This HDL elevation may be due to an increase in HDL2 or HDL3. Apo A-I/Apo A-II ratio is also higher in these diabetics. Type II diabetics may have normal or low HDL cholesterol levels as well as normal or decreased Apo A-I levels. In gestational diabetics, the mean HDL cholesterol is lower than controls. Dietary therapy resulting in greater than 10% weight loss in obese diabetics leads to an increase in their HDL-cholesterol levels, although the effect on the latter is controversial. Intensive insulin therapy (for 2-3 weeks) increases serum apo A-I and HDL-cholesterol levels. End-stage renal disease also affects HDL metabolism. In general, patients with this disorder have a decrease of cholesterol and an increase in triglyceride in their HDL. There is an increase in apo E and a decrease in apo CII in their HDL. Apo A-I levels are unaffected whereas apo A-II levels are decreased. Renal transplant patients may have low, normal or high HDL cholesterol and normal or high apo-I levels. In non-diabetic, normotriglyceridemic patients peritoneal dialysis increases their HDL-cholesterol. In non-diabetic hypertriglyceridemic and diabetic patients, peritoneal dialysis causes no change in their HDL-cholesterol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014511:Uremia / Q000378:metabolism
D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL