title: Mass production and standardization of Clostridium oedematiens vaccine against black disease (infectious necrotic hepatitis) of sheep.
abstract: The object of this study was to prepare a potent vaccine against black disease of sheep. Attempts were made to prepare and formulate the ingredients in order to obtain high yield of toxin. A 600 litre batch of mass production of Clostridium oedematiens (Cl. novyi) vaccine was prepared with ingredients consisting of 4% peptone, 0.25% NaCl, 0.5% liver extract, 0.1% L-cysteine, 1% maltose, 0.02% sodium dithionite and 0.25% ferrous sulphate solution. The prepared vaccine was diluted to concentrations of 20, 40, 60 and 80 per cent of antigens. Potassium alum was added as an adjuvant. The potency test of the prepared vaccine was determined in a group of forty rabbits according to the British Pharmacopoeia (Veterinary). Maximum titre was obtained at 80 per cent with the level of 33 units per ml of alpha antitoxin in rabbits pooled serum. 20, 16 and 8 units per ml of alpha antitoxin were obtained respectively for 60, 40 and 20 per cent of diluted antigen in rabbits pooled serum. Sheep have been vaccinated in black disease areas with this vaccine. Reports obtained from the field indicate that black disease in sheep could be effectively controlled by this vaccine in Iran.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000592:standards*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000276:immunology*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D006520:Hepatitis, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines