title: A new model to study acute and chronic renal failure.
abstract: Many models have been developed to study renal function following injury. Two types of studies have evolved: acute--to define the acute renal injury and chronic--to determine the pattern of recovery. Current models allow either study alone to be performed, but they lack the flexibility to combine the studies. In this study of renal ischemia, a model was designed which solved this problem. The authors constructed a model for performing a unilateral nephrectomy and episiotomy on female dogs. Catheters were placed in the renal vein, vena cava, and aorta, and a renal artery flow cuff was applied. The catheters and wires were buried in a subcutaneous pocket and were exteriorized after a recovery of several weeks. The episiotomy allowed easy intermittent Foley catheterization. With the animals awake and in a harness, parameters of renal function were measured: renal extraction, filtration fraction, fractional excretion, osmolar clearance, and free water clearance. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were calculated by inulin and paramino hippurate clearances. The animals were studied in diuretic and antidiuretic states. In addition, renal artery flow was determined by the Doppler flow cuff. All parameters were determined every half hour in the acute setting, then every day in the chronic setting. The model was easily reproducible and functioned well in the authors' renal ischemia studies. Initial experiments with 1 hour of warm ischemia produced a greater than 50 per cent reduction in GFR acutely. Chronic studies showed a GFR with a return toward normal. All model construction purposes and plans were met.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D012079:Renal Circulation