title: Dualism in the effect of cholinolytics upon the human parotid gland deprived of parasympathetic control.
abstract: Dualism in the effects of atropine, and metixene upon the denervated human parotid salivary gland is demonstrated by the fact that they suppress pilocarpine secretion while themselves causing an extremely intense and prolonged salivation. A still stronger cholinolytic, chlorosyle, although causing salivation, blocks paradoxical salivation initiated by atropine and metacine. With respect to the latter ligands, chlorosyle acts as a partial agonist. Dualism in the cholinolytics' effect is conditioned by generation, following chronic enervation of the gland, of cholinoreceptor subpopulations of different functional significance and evolutional maturity. Depending on the length of the cholinoreceptor reactive zone, cholinolytics initiate blockade of some receptors and excitement of others.
mesh_terms: D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003714:Denervation; D006801:Humans; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013892:Thioxanthenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010276:Parasympatholytics; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013892:Thioxanthenes; D010862:Pilocarpine; C005111:methixene; C053909:chlorozil; D001285:Atropine; D002794:Choline