Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intraperitoneal ceftriaxone in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
The kinetics of ceftriaxone was investigated in 8 patients without infection, who were receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Ceftriaxone 1 g was injected i.v. and 1 g was given intraperitoneally in the CAPD fluid during a 4-h dwell time. Ceftriaxone was assayed by HPLC. After intravenous administration, the kinetic parameters of ceftriaxone were: plasma t1/2, 12.3 h, total plasma clearance, 14.0 ml/min, volume of distribution at steady state 0.18 l/kg, and peritoneal clearance 0.59 ml/min. Over 72 hours only 5.5% of the dose was eliminated by the peritoneal route. After intraperitoneal administration, ceftriaxone rapidly appeared in serum; the absorption t1/2 was 1.1 h and the mean peak concentration was 38.8 micrograms/ml. The absorption of ceftriaxone from the peritoneal space was 39%. A single 1.0 g IP dose led to serum and dialysate concentrations of ceftriaxone above the minimum inhibitory concentration for susceptible pathogens for 24 hours.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D011897:Random Allocation
D002443:Ceftriaxone