title: Changes in hepatic function tests to induced toxicity in the bovine liver.
abstract: Graded hepatic damage was induced in mature lactating dairy cows to measure the sensitivity of several hepatic diagnostic tests. In a preliminary study, cows were dosed with .05, .10 and .20 ml/kg body weight of carbon tetrachloride. Extreme changes occurred in hepatic tests by 24 h post-dosing, and all died by 35 h with massive diffuse centrilobular necrosis of hepatic cord cells. Dosing was decreased to induce non-fatal hepatic changes. Cows in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were orally dosed with .002, .004, .006 or .01 ml/kg body weight of carbon tetrachloride, respectively. Serum enzymes of hepatic origin, bilirubin, plus bromosulfophthalein dye clearance were assayed before dosing and up to d 14 post-dosing. Liver biopsies were performed 24 h post-dosing for histological evaluation and cytochrome P-450 content. Hepatic concentrations of cytochrome P-450 were decreased in all the dosed cows. Serum activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl transferase were elevated in cows of Groups 3 and 4 and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in cows of Group 4 by 24 h. Serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic-pyruvate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, urobilinogen and bromosulfophthalein dye clearance were not significantly different. Mild to moderate diffuse centrolobular necrosis was observed in livers of cow of Groups 3 and 4, but no pathological changes were seen in Groups 1 and 2.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008111:Liver Function Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy