[Combined passive and active immunization for preventing the development of the infantile carrier state in hepatitis B virus vertical transmission].
By applying hepatitis B (HB) immunoglobulin (HBIG) and HB vaccine (vaccine) to 43 infants born to HB e antigen (HBeAg)-positive HB surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier women intramuscularly, and sub-and/or intra-cutaneously, respectively, the clinical usefulness of combined passive and active immunization in preventing infantile development of the carrier state was evaluated. The results obtained in this study are summarised as follows: Of the 43 infants, 5 (11.6%) developed the carrier state and 38(88.4%) were persistent HBsAb-positive. This carrier-rate was found to be significantly lower than that of 78 non-treated infants (73.1%) born to HBeAg-positive carrier women (control). Four of 15 infants (26.7%), who received HBIG every 4 months, developed carrier state, while only one case (3.6%) fell into carrier state in 28 infants who received HBIG every 3 months. In 30 infants whose vaccination was started at 2 or 4 months of age, 93.3% of the cases became persistent HBsAb-positive within 12 months, while 76.9% of 13 infants who underwent the first vaccination at 12 months of age became persistent HBsAb-positive. No adverse effects of HBIG and HB vaccine were observed in this study. In addition, the mean values for serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) were 35 and 69mu/ml in the treated and control groups, respectively. Thus, the present study demonstrates that the infantile development of HBsAg carrier state by HB virus-vertical transmission could be safely, economically and easily prevented by early initiation of vaccination and re-administration of HBIG within 3 months.
D002353:Carrier State / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines