title: [Human and animal studies on the pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin in renal failure].
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin (NFLX) was studied in 5 patients with chronic renal failure and rats with renal obstruction. The drug was orally given to patients on on- and off-dialysis days in a crossover fashion. Serum levels of NFLX showed a similar profile during both on- and off-dialysis days, and the hemodialysis treatment did not affect the elimination of the drug from the serum. The mean serum elimination half-life was 8.8 +/- 1.2 hours (standard error) for on- dialysis day and it was 7.0 +/- 0.8 hours for off-dialysis day. The urinary recovery of NFLX for 24 hours was less than 0.1% of administered doses in these patients. Rats with renal obstruction exhibited higher drug levels in serum for longer periods of time and elevated biliary excretion ratios in comparison to sham-operated rats, and no significant change in the fraction of biliary metabolites was observed. The biliary excretion of NFLX was likely to be enhanced in patients with renal failure.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009643:Norfloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D009643:Norfloxacin