title: Effects of facial fanning on local exercise performance and thermoregulatory responses during hyperthermia.
abstract: To investigate the effects of hyperthermia and facial fanning during hyperthermia on hand-grip exercise performance and thermoregulatory response, we studied eight male subjects, aged 20-53 years. Subjects exercised at 20% of maximal hand-grip strength in the sitting position under three conditions: normothermia (NT), hyperthermia without fanning (HT-nf) or with fanning at 5.5 m X sec-1 wind speed (HT-f). Hyperthermia (0.5 degrees C higher oesophageal temperature than in NT) was induced by leg immersion in water at 42 degrees C. Mean exercise performance was markedly reduced from 716 contractions (NT) to 310 (HT-nf) by hyperthermia (P less than 0.01) and significantly (P less than 0.05) improved to 431 (HT-f) by facial fanning. Hyperthermic exercise was accompanied by significant increases in forearm blood flow (71%) and the local sweat rate on the thigh (136%) at the end of exercise compared with that in NT. Heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) increased during exercise and were higher in HT-nf than in NT at any given time of exercise. Oesophageal, tympanic (Tty) and mean skin temperatures were also significantly higher in HT-nf than in NT. Facial fanning caused a marked decrease in forehead skin temperature (1.5-2.0 degrees C) and a slight decrease in Tty, HR and PRE compared with that in HT-nf at any given time of exercise. These results suggested that hyperthermia increased thermoregulatory demands and reduced exercise performance. Facial fanning caused decreases in face skin and brain temperatures, and improved performance.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D005334:Fever / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012881:Skin Temperature; D013546:Sweating