title: Cytogenetic studies on 1,1-dichloroethylene and its two isomers in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Chromosomal aberration and sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) tests in vitro on 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE), its two isomers, cis- and trans-1,2-DCE, and two possible metabolites of 1,1-DCE, chloroacetyl chloride and chloroacetic acid, were carried out using a Chinese hamster cell line, CHL. 1,1-DCE induced chromosomal aberrations in the presence of S9 mix prepared from the rat liver, but not in the absence of S9 mix. SCEs were also slightly induced by 1,1-DCE only in the presence of S9 mix. On the other hand, two isomers and two metabolites of 1,1-DCE induced neither chromosomal aberrations nor SCEs with and without S9 mix. 1,1-DCE, however, was negative even at a sublethal dose in the micronucleus test using mouse bone marrow, fetal liver and blood.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002460:Cell Line; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004000:Dichloroethylenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000633:toxicity*; D007536:Isomerism; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens; D051381:Rats; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D004000:Dichloroethylenes; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009153:Mutagens; C029297:vinylidene chloride