title: Early and late damage in the mouse rectum after irradiation and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II).
abstract: The effects of radiation and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (c-DDP) in the mouse rectum were assessed using two functional endpoints (anal discharge/diarrhoea and body weight changes), one lethal endpoint (obstructive rectal stenosis) and a microscopic endpoint (semiquantitative histological scoring). After irradiation, anal discharge, diarrhoea and lethal rectal stenosis were found to be the result of submucosal fibrosis with a secondary mucosal ulcer due to mechanical damage by the faeces. Weight loss at both early and late times after irradiation seemed to be related to epithelial cellular depletion. c-DDP, when given in combination with X-rays, did not enhance the incidence of late anal discharge, diarrhoea or rectal stenosis. Using an arbitrary semiquantitative scale for measuring the degree and extent of late rectal injury, c-DDP sometimes seemed to postpone the expression of radiation damage in the rectum. This effect, however, might also be the result only of interexperimental variation. An increase by c-DDP in the early body weight loss after irradiation was also observed which could be explained by an additive effect in the rectal epithelium.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D012007:Rectum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002945:Cisplatin