title: Analysis of cytogenetic effect in human lymphocytes induced by metabolically activated 2-nitropropane.
abstract: Chromosome analyses were carried out in human lymphocytes treated in vitro with 2-nitropropane (2-NP) in the presence and absence of the mammalian metabolic activation system, S9 mix. Without S9 mix, only the frequency of gaps was significantly increased at 80 mM 2-NP as compared to controls. With S9 mix, the incidences of gaps and chromatid-type aberrations were significantly increased at 60 mM and 80 mM. Sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) have been induced at concentrations as low as 7.5 mM. The present findings demonstrate that in human lymphocytes, 2-NP requires metabolic activation to express clastogenicity and SCEs.
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens; D009595:Nitroparaffins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D011407:Propane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D009153:Mutagens; D009595:Nitroparaffins; D012997:Solvents; C016617:2-nitropropane; D011407:Propane