title: [Theory and practice of genetic toxicology tests. Tests on eukaryotes].
abstract: The search for a mutation prone activity on bacteria must be completed by tests on eucaryotes, in vitro as well as in vivo. Tests on eucaryotes enable to study agents inducing gene mutations [on yeats, cultures of mammal cells (V 79, L 5278 Y), lethal recessive mutation linked to the sex chromosome, on drosophils...], chromosomal mutations (metaphases analysis in vitro and in vivo, micronucleus, lethal dominance), the involvement of repair mechanisms of DNA (non-programmed DNA synthesis, exchange of sister chromatides...). One must well differentiate the tests usable routinely for a screening from the tests currently validated and routine tests. It is only at the completion of a set of tests on bacteria and eucaryotes cells that the potential mutation risk of a product for human health, may be ascertained.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000187:drug effects; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects; D004260:DNA Repair; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009154:Mutation; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D004247:DNA
vernacular_title: Théorie et pratique des tests de toxicologie génétique. Tests sur eucaryotes.