Pathological display of affect in patients with depression and right frontal brain damage. An alternative mechanism.
Two patients are reported with the acute onset of pathological crying following right inferior frontal brain damage. Both had severe endogenous depression and neither had pseudobulbar palsy. These and other cases argue that two organic brain diseases--one structural and the other "physiopharmacological"--may interact to produce pathological display of affect that cannot be accounted for by traditional neurological explanations. A pharmacological mechanism for the rapid amelioration of pathological affect by tricyclic medications and its possible relationship to the newly discovered descending motor systems of the brain that use norepinephrine and serotonin as neurotransmitters is offered. These cases also suggest that pathological affect is a valuable clinical indicator of an underlying major depression in some brain-injured patients.
D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D003448:Crying; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology; D010243:Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D012701:Serotonin; D009638:Norepinephrine