title: In vitro assay of cytogenetic damage induced in bone marrow cells in vivo by chemical carcinogens.
abstract: Bone marrow cells explanted after the host animal has been exposed to chemicals can be assayed in vitro for cytogenetic damage. Cells were grown in medium for two cell cycles in the presence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine and then analyzed for the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and cell replication kinetics. The patterns for induction of these endpoints as assayed in vitro were very similar to those observed if the assay was performed totally in vivo. Several chemicals were tested in this system and shown to be positive; hycanthone, ethidium bromide, 4-fluoro-3-nitro-phenyl azide, mitomycin-C, 2-aminoanthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, and cyclophosphamide. Dehydroemetine, known as a nonmutagenic drug, was negative in this assay. Since this assay incorporates host metabolism, is rapid, and has a wide dynamic range, it may be useful to perform to determine the potential of chemicals to induce genetic damage.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine