title: Synthesis, cell growth inhibition, and antitumor screening of 2-(p-n-butylanilino)purines and their nucleoside analogues.
abstract: Derivatives of N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)guanine (BuPG) and 2-(p-n-butylanilino)adenine (BuAA) were synthesized and tested as inhibitors of mammalian DNA polymerase alpha, cell growth, and macromolecule synthesis. 2-(p-n-Butylanilino)-6-chloropurine (BuACl) served as a useful intermediate to prepare a series of 6-substituted analogues. BuACl, as its sodium salt, reacted with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-p-toluoyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl chloride in acetonitrile to give 64% of the corresponding 9-beta nucleoside (blocked BuAdCl) and only 14% of the 7-beta isomer. Deblocking and substitution of chlorine in BuAdCl generated a series of 2-(p-n-butylanilino)-9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)purine derivatives. Reaction of the sodium salt of BuACl with (2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl bromide also afforded, after deblocking and substitution of the 6-chloro group, a series of 2-(p-n-butylanilino)-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]purines. The bases synthesized were inhibitors of DNA polymerase alpha isolated from Chinese hamster ovary cells, the most potent compounds being 6-methoxy and 6-methylthio derivatives of 2-(p-n-butylanilino)purine. When tested for their ability to inhibit [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA in HeLa cell cultures and the growth of exponentially growing HeLa cells, 9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl) derivatives had greater potency than their base counterparts, but "adenine" analogues, such as 2-(p-n-butylanilino)-2'-deoxyadenosine (BuAdA, IC50 = 1 microM), were considerably more potent than N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (BuPdG, IC50 = 25 microM). Derivatives bearing the 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl] group were nearly as potent inhibitors of [3H]thymidine incorporation in these experiments as the corresponding deoxyribonucleosides. Base and deoxynucleoside derivatives also inhibited cellular RNA synthesis, and several compounds, at high concentrations, inhibited protein synthesis. BuPG, BuAA, and four deoxyribonucleoside derivatives of 2-(p-n-butylanilino)purines were tested against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice. None of the compounds increased the survival time of test animals, but two of them, BuAdA and its 6-desamino derivative BuAdP, were lethal at the highest concentration used (400 mg/kg).
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004257:DNA Polymerase II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D003853:Deoxyribonucleosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007941:Leukemia P388 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D011687:Purines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003853:Deoxyribonucleosides; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D011687:Purines; D004257:DNA Polymerase II