title: Comparative metabolism of fenitrothion in aquatic organisms. III. Metabolism in the crustaceans, Daphnia pulex and Palaemon paucidens.
abstract: When the waterflea Daphnia pulex and the shrimp Palaemon paucidens were exposed to 1.0 ppb [14C]fenitrothion in a flowthrough system, the concentrations of fenitrothion and 14C in the body reached equilibrium, and the maximum bioaccumulation ratios of fenitrothion were 71 and 6 in the daphnia and shrimp, respectively. These crustaceans primarily metabolized the compound by oxidation of P = S to P = O, hydrolysis of P-O-aryl linkage, and demethylation. The liberated phenol was found to be conjugated with sulfate in the daphnia and with glucose in the shrimp. When the organisms were transferred to a freshwater stream, fenitrothion and its metabolites were rapidly excreted from their bodies, and the half-life of the parent compound was less than 0.2 day in both species.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001711:Biotransformation; D003621:Daphnia / Q000378:metabolism*; D005278:Fenitrothion / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005278:Fenitrothion