title: Indirect mutagen assay in human lymphocyte in the presence of a metabolic activation system.
abstract: Chromosome aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes were examined after exposures to various concentrations (from 1 X 10(-6) to 1 X 10(-3) mol X l-1) of cyclophosphamide (CP) in the presence or absence of a metabolic activation system (S9 mix). With metabolic activation, increases in the frequency of aberrant cells (AB. C.) produced by CP were significant and dose-dependent. At a concentration of 5 X 10(-4) mol X l-1, activated CP induced 29% AB. C. versus 6% AB. C. detected after exposures to CP without metabolic activation. The freshly prepared S9 mix did not virtually differ in its activation potency from the S9 mix stored for 3 weeks at -20 degrees C. CP preincubated for 100 min with S9 mix caused little or no increase in AB. C. frequency above the control level.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D003520:Cyclophosphamide