Noses, tongues, and teeth.
There is a renewed interest in the relationship between breathing patterns, tongue positions, and orthodontic management of patients with malocclusion. The authors address the effects of these factors on arch-form and occlusal contacts.
D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D009058:Mouth Breathing / Q000150:complications*; D012008:Recurrence; D014061:Tongue Habits