Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ceftizoxime in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
The pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime (CZM) were determined in 16 non-infected CAPD patients. Patients received either 500 mg or 1000 mg CZM by i.v. bolus. The dialysate exchange volume was 2 l. Serum CZM concentrations at 10 min were 69.7 +/- 19.7 micrograms/ml (1000 mg dose) and 39.2 +/- 8.4 micrograms/ml (500 mg dose), and declined to 33.7 +/- 13.9 micrograms/ml and 16.9 +/- 3.2 micrograms/ml respectively at 360 min. Dialysate CZM levels at 10 and 360 min were 1.8 +/- 1.3 and 19.9 +/- 6.6 micrograms/ml respectively (1000 mg dose) and 1.4 +/- 0.9 and 12.6 +/- 3.5 micrograms/ml (500 mg dose). The half-time of CZM was 14.1 +/- 4.6 h. Peritoneal clearance of CZM was low and equilibrium was not achieved in 6 h. However peritoneal CZM concentrations were adequate within 1 h for the treatment of most organisms which cause CAPD-related peritonitis.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D013997:Time Factors
D003404:Creatinine; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002439:Cefotaxime