Effect of some salts of calcium, sodium, potassium, and strontium on intra-oral enamel demineralization.
A newly-developed intra-oral enamel demineralization test was used to evaluate the effect of supplementation of a 10% sucrose solution with various components on enamel demineralization induced by the sucrose. Five human subjects wore a palatal prosthesis holding eight blocks of subsurface bovine enamel covered with a layer of S. mutans cells. The test involved rinsing with sucrose solution or with sucrose solution supplemented with 0.162 mol/l of different calcium salts or equivalent concentrations of Na-, K-, and Sr salts; rinsing was for one min at times zero and 45 min of the 90-minute test period. Ca-propionate, Ca-acetate, and Ca-levulinate completely inhibited sucrose-induced enamel demineralization; Ca-chloride, Ca-lactate, and Ca-ascorbate gave from 65-75%, and K-acetate, Na-lactate, and Sr-lactate 39, 25, and 18% inhibition, respectively. Consideration of the anion dissociation constants and the Ca-anion association constants of the salts suggests that the observed inhibition is caused mainly by common ion effects and, to a lesser extent, by buffer effects.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002021:Buffers; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D003745:Dental Enamel Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000378:metabolism; D013324:Strontium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects
D002021:Buffers; D013395:Sucrose; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium; D013324:Strontium