Influence of environmental factors on the metabolism of glucose by preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro.
The metabolism of glucose by late preimplantation mouse embryos was studied in a variety of media whose composition had been changed to reflect the environmental conditions in the uterus more closely than do standard culture media. The effects of combinations of energy substrates, the presence or absence of amino acids and the level of potassium in the medium were investigated. The use of energy substrates for in vitro culture at levels present in the uterine environment resulted in rates of synthesis and degradation of glycogen pools similar to those obtained using standard in vitro culture conditions but elevated incorporation into non-glycogen macromolecules. Amino acids influenced the metabolism of glucose by limiting the entry of glucose carbon into the non-glycogen macromolecular pool and directing more glucose into the synthesis of acid-soluble glycogen. Increasing the K+ concentration to 60 mM in the culture medium caused a small but significant increase in the number of eight-cell embryos degenerating during culture for 24 h but the metabolism of glucose was unaffected over this time. At the time of morula transformation to the blastocyst this level of potassium ions suppressed glycogen synthesis by 50% over 5 h but did not affect its turnover during chase culture. It is concluded that factors other than those studied here contribute to the maintenance of the low glycogen levels found in uterine embryos.
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009028:Morula / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology
D000596:Amino Acids; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D003470:Culture Media; D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium