Prophylactic and antidotal effects of hexamethylenetetramine against phosgene poisoning in rabbits.
New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to phosgene doses, expressed as Ct factors, of 125-3120 ppm X min. Hexamethylenetetramine (HMT), 0.3 gm/kg as a 40% aqueous solution, was injected via an ear vein into separate groups of animals at 5-10 min pre-exposure or at 15 min post-exposure to the gas. Non-exposed and exposed, non-HMT-treated animals served as controls. As assessed by survival times, gross morphology of the lungs, percent lung water measurements, serum LDH values, and respiratory gas parameters, pre-exposure administration of HMT at Ct factors as high as 3120 ppm X min provided significant prophylaxis against the effects of phosgene. Post-exposure administration of HMT, however, provided no antidotal effect even when administered as soon as 15 min after exposure to 125 ppm X min phosgene.
D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001834:Body Water / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000032:analysis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008709:Methenamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010705:Phosgene / Q000633:toxicity*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D011817:Rabbits
D000931:Antidotes; D010705:Phosgene; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D008709:Methenamine