Translocation X;10 in a case of congenital acute monocytic leukemia.
Unusual cytogenetic findings were noted in the leukemic cells from a patient with congenital acute monocytic leukemia (AMol or M5, according to the FAB classification), whereas, the chromosomes of cultured skin fibroblasts were normal. G-banded karyotypes of leukemic cells showed an X-autosome translocation, 46,X,t(X;10)(Xpter----q13::10q11.2----qter)(10pter---- q11.2::Xq28----q13:: Xq28----qter). Review of reported cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) with rearrangements involving chromosomes #10 or X showed a high frequency of abnormalities of the short arm of #10 in myelomonocytic (M4) and monocytic (M5) leukemias, particularly in patients less than 2-yr-of-age. Although previously reported cases of ANLL in infants are predominantly of these types, the translocation observed in this case is unique. Fragile sites known to exist on chromosomes #10 and X are not associated with neoplasia and, except for Xq27-28, were not at the breakpoints of the case presented. The precise location of a human cellular oncogene recently identified on the X chromosome remains unknown.
D043283:Chromosome Fragile Sites; D002873:Chromosome Fragility; D002906:Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000151:congenital / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations / Q000235:genetics*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014960:X Chromosome