Moxalactam kinetics during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis after intraperitoneal administration.
Moxalactam kinetics during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) was followed in eight patients after a single intraperitoneal dose of 1 g. Approximately 60% of the dose was absorbed after a dwell time of 4 h. Dialysis solutions were exchanged at 4-h intervals with an overnight dwell of 8 h. The mean (+/- standard deviation) elimination half-life was 13.2 +/- 2.9 h, and the mean apparent volume of distribution was 0.22 +/- 0.08 liters/kg. Mean total clearance was 11.5 +/- 2.4 ml/min, with a mean dialysis clearance of 2.3 +/- 0.5 ml/min. The maximum concentration in plasma ranged from 24.5 to 54.1 micrograms/ml. Moxalactam concentrations in the peritoneal dialysis fluid were above 80 micrograms/ml during the first exchange and above 2 micrograms/ml for a further three exchanges. A suggested intraperitoneal dose regimen for patients undergoing CAPD is 1 g initially, followed by 15 to 25% of the recommended dose for normal patients given at the same time intervals, or 30 to 50% of the recommended dose at twice the usual intervals. Moxalactam is suggested for initial treatment of peritonitis in CAPD patients who do not have ready access to the antibiotic of choice.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009070:Moxalactam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
D009070:Moxalactam