title: Perspectives on alternatives to current animal testing techniques in preclinical toxicology.
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects; D007448:Invertebrates; D007509:Irritants / Q000633:toxicity; D007700:Kinetics; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008954:Models, Biological; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D007509:Irritants; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations