title: Botulism among penned pheasants and protection by vaccination with C1 toxoid.
abstract: Fifty to 100 per cent of about 8000 penned pheasants raised on a farm in Hiroshima Prefecture died annually for three years. Deaths were ascribed to type C botulism. Vaccination of four groups of pheasants with partially purified C1 toxoid effectively protected them against type C botulism. The protective efficacy of the toxoid was emphasised by the relatively high susceptibility of the pheasant to C1 toxin.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D001906:Botulism / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology; D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007564:Japan; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014121:Toxoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: C035415:Clostridium botulinum toxoid; D014121:Toxoids; D001905:Botulinum Toxins