Differential toxicity of chronic exposure to phenytoin, phenobarbital, or carbamazepine in cerebral cortical cell cultures.
The effects of phenytoin (30 micrograms/ml), phenobarbital (64 micrograms/ml), and carbamazepine (24 micrograms/ml) were assessed in cerebral cortical cell cultures. After antiepileptic drug exposure for eleven days, cultures were assayed for total protein, number of neurons, tetanus toxin fixation, high-affinity uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid and beta-alanine, activity of choline acetyltransferase, and benzodiazepine binding. Carbamazepine-exposed cultures demonstrated minimal effects, whereas highly significant deficits related to generalized toxicity were observed in cultures exposed to phenytoin or phenobarbital.
D000818:Animals; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051379:Mice; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000633:toxicity*; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000633:toxicity*
D002220:Carbamazepine; D010672:Phenytoin; D010634:Phenobarbital