title: Regulation of ketogenesis by epinephrine and norepinephrine in the overnight-fasted, conscious dog.
abstract: The effects on ketogenesis and lipolysis of a norepinephrine (0.04 microgram/kg-min), epinephrine (0.04 microgram/kg-min), or saline infusion were examined in the overnight-fasted, conscious dog. Plasma insulin and glucagon levels were maintained constant by means of a somatostatin infusion (0.8 microgram/kg-min) and intraportal replacement infusions of insulin and glucagon. In saline-infused dogs, plasma epinephrine (62 +/- 8 pg/ml), norepinephrine (92 +/- 29 pg/ml), blood glycerol (87 +/- 10 microM), and plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) (0.82 +/- 0.17 mM) levels did not change. Total blood ketone body levels tended to rise (62 +/- 10 to 83 +/- 11 microM) by 3 h as did total ketone body production (1.5 +/- 0.4 to 2.2 +/- 0.4 mumol/kg-min) over the same time interval. Norepinephrine infusion to produce plasma levels of 447 +/- 86 pg/ml caused a sustained 50% rise in glycerol levels (66 +/- 17 to 99 +/- 15 mumol/L, P less than 0.05) and 53% rise in nonesterified fatty acids (0.53 +/- 0.07 to 0.81 +/- 0.15 mumol/L, P less than 0.05). Total ketone body levels rose by 43% (51 +/- 8 to 73 +/- 10 mumol/L) and ketone body production rose by a similar proportion (1.5 +/- 0.2 to 2.2 +/- 0.3 mumol/kg-min), changes that did not differ significantly from control animals. A similar increment in plasma epinephrine levels (75 +/- 15 to 475 +/- 60 pg/ml) caused glycerol levels to rise by 82% (105 +/- 23 to 191 +/- 26 mumol/L) in 30 min, but this rise was not sustained and the level fell to 146 +/- 14 mumol/L by 120 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D005215:Fasting; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008066:Lipolysis; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D007657:Ketone Bodies; D007773:Lactates; D005934:Glucagon; D005990:Glycerol; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine