Human tumor necrosis factor. Production, purification, and characterization.
Human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was purified to homogeneity from serum-free tissue culture supernatants of the HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cell line induced by 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The purification scheme consisted of controlled-pore glass and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Mono Q-fast-protein liquid chromatography, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The purified protein was homogeneous by the criteria of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and NH2-terminal sequence analysis. The specific activity of purified tumor necrosis factor is approximately 10(8) units/mg. The protein has a molecular weight of approximately 17,000, an isoelectric point of 5.3, and contains two cysteines involved in a disulfide bridge. Approximately 50% homology between TNF and another cytolytic lymphokine, lymphotoxin, exists when the NH2-terminal 34 residues of TNF and internal sequence generated by tryptic, Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, and chymotryptic digests of TNF are aligned with the complete amino acid sequence of lymphotoxin.
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002845:Chromatography; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
D006023:Glycoproteins; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha