title: The Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test: comparison of human and rat livers as activating systems.
abstract: The mutagenicity of several test compounds was verified by the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test (Ames test), using both human liver and rat liver (untreated or pretreated with Aroclor 1254) S9 under identical experimental conditions. Aflatoxin B1, 3-methylcholanthrene, and cigarette-smoke condensate were less mutagenic in the presence of human-liver S9 than in the presence of rat-liver S9 (particularly after treatment with Aroclor 1254). The opposite was observed with 2-aminonanthracene and to a lesser degree with 2-aminofluorene; correlation studies indicate that the two compounds were activated by the same or by very similar enzymes, probably cytochrome P-450s. These results clearly indicate that human-liver S9, as an activating system, behaves differently than rat-liver S9; therefore, it may constitute a useful, additional tool for the study of mutagenicity and probably, carcinogenicity in man.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001140:Aroclors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001711:Biotransformation; D006801:Humans; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000592:standards*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001140:Aroclors; D009153:Mutagens; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases