title: Spacer devices used with metered-dose inhalers. Breakthrough or gimmick?
abstract: In an effort to improve the delivery of a drug to the lungs, to correct problems of hand-lung discoordination, and to reduce local side effects such as oral candidiasis, a number of spacer devices have been developed to attach to metered-dose inhalers. Administration of bronchodilator drugs to patients with faulty techniques of inhalation has been improved with the addition of spacers. In adults and older children with a correct technique of inhaling bronchodilators, the spacer devices do not seem to have any advantage over the simple metered-dose inhalers. Young children (two to five years) can benefit from inhaled bronchodilators or corticosteroids by use of spacer devices with one-way valves. Older children and especially adults who suffer from dysphonia or thrush from inhaled corticosteroids can also benefit from spacers. In patients whose condition is well controlled with the usual inhaled doses of corticosteroids with no local side effects, spacer devices show promise, but more studies are needed.
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D000368:Aged; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012138:Respiratory Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000336:Aerosols; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents