title: Fetal rat hyperinsulinism and hyperglucagonism: effects on hepatic ketogenesis, lipogenesis, and gluconeogenesis.
abstract: To study the direct effects of hyperglucagonism and hyperinsulinism (both with glucose excess) on fetal intermediary metabolism, rat liver explants from 19-day-gestated fetuses were maintained in culture for 48 h. The liver cubes were exposed to 0, 250, or 500 mU/ml porcine insulin or 5 micrograms/ml glucagon. In addition, lipogenesis from 3H2O was cumulated throughout the 48 h. Chronic hyperinsulinism in the fetal rat doubled hepatic lipogenesis and curtailed hepatic gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis by 80% and 50%, respectively. Chronic hyperglucagonism was without effect; however, the fetal liver did yet respond to 1 mM (Bu)2cAMP.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism*; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007659:Ketones / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats / Q000196:embryology; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D007659:Ketones; D005934:Glucagon