title: Evidence against HLA and immunological dependence of disease outbreak in SLE. Immunological characterisation of identical twins clinically discordant for SLE.
abstract: Identical female twins clinically discordant for 20 years for SLE were studied. Their HLA-haplotype was A1,28; B8w6,w35; Cw3,w7; Dr3,4. Both twins had a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, autoantibodies, and circulating immune complexes. The diseases sibling had a reversed OKT4/OKT8 ratio (0.43), decreased helper T cell number, defective pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced plasma cell differentiation, and overactive hydrocortisone sensitive suppressor cells. Immunological abnormalities may be only partly HLA related (B8; Dr3), but are most probably secondary to the disease process in the sibling with SLE. Exogenous and/or endogenous factor(s) other than genetic or immunological are suggested as being operative in the predisposition to and expression of SLE.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006462:Hemolytic Plaque Technique; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D006680:HLA Antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M