A comparative study of the effects of acipimox and clofibrate in type III and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.
Acipimox, an analogue of nicotinic acid, is a hypolipidemic drug with antilipolytic activity. Ten patients with type III and 10 with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia participated in a comparative open cross-over study of the effect of acipimox (750 mg/day) and clofibrate (2 g/day) on lipoproteins, apoliproproteins and postheparin lipase activities during 6 weeks. During acipimox treatment 2 type III patients complained of flushing, resulting in one drop-out. In the type III patients serum cholesterol decreased 30% (P less than 0.01) during treatment with acipimox and 24% (P less than 0.01) with clofibrate, and serum triglycerides 48% (P less than 0.01) and 34% (P less than 0.01), respectively. In the type IV patients serum cholesterol remained unchanged and serum triglycerides decreased 34% (P less than 0.05) and 35% (P less than 0.01), respectively. HDL cholesterol increased during treatment with both drugs in both groups between 6 and 15% (P less than 0.05) mainly due to a rise in HDL3 cholesterol (d greater than 1.100 g/ml). LDL cholesterol increased significantly during treatment with clofibrate, but not with acipimox. There were no or slight changes in the apoproteins A and B. Postheparin lipoprotein lipase increased during clofibrate treatment and hepatic lipase decreased during acipimox treatment. We concluded that acipimox in a dose of 750 mg/day has a similar hypolipidemic effect as 2 g clofibrate daily in type III and IV hyperlipoproteinemia.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002994:Clofibrate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006952:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006953:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008074:Lipoproteins; D011719:Pyrazines; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D008049:Lipase; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; D002994:Clofibrate; C027696:acipimox