[Pneumocystis carinii infections].
In children, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonias occur mainly in cases of congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. Definitive diagnosis rests on the visualization of the parasites, ideally by broncho-alveolar lavage. If the lavage is negative and the patient deteriorates, an open lung biopsy is the next best diagnostic method. Serological methods are unreliable. Treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP) should be instituted as early as possible: a serum level of TMP between 5 and 10 micrograms/ml should be attained. If no improvement occurs after three days, pentamidine should be substituted. Systematic chemoprophylaxis should be given to all high-risk patients.
D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005602:France; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000266:history; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D013411:Sulfadiazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
D004338:Drug Combinations; D013411:Sulfadiazine; D010419:Pentamidine; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole; D011739:Pyrimethamine
Infections à Pneumocystis carinii.