Blood eosinophilia, steroids, and rejection.
Blood eosinophilia is invariably associated with acute cellular episodes of rejection, characterized by blastogenic inflammation in fine-needle aspiration cytology of the renal transplant. The eosinophilic episode usually precedes the onset of inflammation by 1-4 days and carries no correlation with the intensity of the inflammation. No eosinophilia is present in the blood immediately (within 3 days) after transplantation or in patients displaying neither clinical nor cytological evidence of rejection. This suggests that the up-regulation of eosinophilia is not related to the transplantation procedure itself or to inflammation, but rather to very early steps in the rejection cascade. A likely possibility is a direct signal from alloactivated T cells. Treatment of rejection with steroids, but not with cyclosporine or, when not treating rejection, rapidly down-regulates the episode. At present we do not know whether episodes of eosinophilia are also associated with other occasions of T cell activation, like viral infection--therefore the value of eosinophil differential as a diagnostic test for rejection cannot be determined.
D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000150:complications*; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D003524:Cyclosporins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D013256:Steroids