The mineral of bone.
This is a review of the chemistry and structure of synthetic, mineral, and biologic hydroxyapatites. Bone apatite has a large, reactive specific-surface and is characterized by its crystal imperfection and non-stoichiometry. Precipitated and bone hydroxyapatites are in the submicroscopic size range where their solubility decreases rapidly with a small increment of crystal growth. A discussion is given of the various mechanisms proposed for tissue mineralization. The body seems to contain a number of nucleating and inhibiting mechanisms which seem to work in concert, possibly providing redundant pathways to the mineralization of tissue.
D015055:1-Carboxyglutamic Acid; D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites; D001846:Bone Development; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000502:physiology; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002621:Chemistry; D003094:Collagen / Q000502:physiology; D003460:Crystallization; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000502:physiology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000502:physiology; D012995:Solubility; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
D001031:Apatites; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008903:Minerals; D010743:Phospholipids; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D015055:1-Carboxyglutamic Acid; D003094:Collagen