[Comparison of prilocaine 2% versus lidocaine 2% with adrenaline in peridural anesthesia. A clinical double-blind study].
Sensory and motor blockade as well as formation of methaemoglobin were investigated under controlled double-blind conditions following epidural anaesthesia with prilocaine 2% or lignocaine 2%, each with adrenaline 1:200,000. 20 ml (= 400 mg) of these two solutions were administered to two groups, each consisting of 10 patients. Sensory blockade was tested with the pin prick method, motor blockade with the Bromage score and the rectus abdominis-muscle (RAM)-test. Venous methaemoglobin was determined before and 2,5 h after administration of the local anaesthetic. Times of onset of sensory blockade and motor blockade, as obtained with the RAM-test, were slightly earlier following lignocaine. The intensity of sensory blockade was more marked following prilocaine. The duration of action was somewhat longer following prilocaine. Methaemoglobin always increased following prilocaine, but not following lignocaine. One patient had an increase of methaemoglobin from 0.8 rel% before to 13.8 rel% after administration of prilocaine. The differences of sensory and motor blockade are of secondary importance for clinical practice; while lignocaine shows higher toxicity to the central nervous and cardiovascular system, prilocaine forms methaemoglobin.
D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008708:Methemoglobinemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D009407:Nerve Block; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors
D011318:Prilocaine; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine
Vergleichende Untersuchung mit Prilocain 2% bzw. Lidocain 2% jeweils mit Adrenalin zur Periduralanaesthesie. Eine klinische Doppelblindstudie.