Increasing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole among isolates of Escherichia coli in developing countries.
Resistance of Escherichia coli to trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole remains at 3%-8% at many medical centers within the United States. In this study a 44% resistance rate was observed among E. coli isolated at a pediatric hospital in Santiago, Chile, and a 40% resistance rate at a general teaching hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Most isolates were from urinary tract infections and showed high-level resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration of TMP greater than 1,000 micrograms/ml). Nineteen of 35 isolates tested transferred resistance to TMP; most cotransferred resistance to streptomycin and sulfonamides. Dihydrofolate reductase type I was detected by gene probing in 14 of 35 strains. Subsequent investigations in Brazil, Honduras, and Costa Rica revealed that this high rate of resistance was not an isolated phenomenon.
D001938:Brazil; D002677:Chile; D003364:Costa Rica; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D003906:Developing Countries; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006721:Honduras; D006801:Humans; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D011815:R Factors / Q000187:drug effects; D013419:Sulfamethizole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013432:Sulfathiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013785:Thailand; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013419:Sulfamethizole; D013432:Sulfathiazoles; D014295:Trimethoprim; C029078:trimethoprim sulfamethizole; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides