Iohexol and iopamidol: second-generation nonionic radiographic contrast media.
Iohexol and iopamidol are new second-generation nonionic contrast media. We review their physical/chemical properties and describe the improvements made over the first-generation nonionic prototype, metrizamide, and conventional ionic contrast media. The significance of low osmolar solutions is discussed and the relationship between osmolality and adverse reactions is emphasized. The convenience of a ready-to-use stable solution that offers an advantage over the lyophilized metrizamide in practical application is suggested. Clinical studies using randomized, double-blind comparison techniques are cited. An attempt is made to define the exact role for iohexol and iopamidol.
D001702:Biopharmaceutics; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003287:Contrast Media; D005569:Formularies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007463:Iodobenzoates; D007472:Iohexol; D007479:Iopamidol; D007483:Iothalamic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011859:Radiography; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
D003287:Contrast Media; D007463:Iodobenzoates; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D007483:Iothalamic Acid; D007472:Iohexol; D007479:Iopamidol