Exstrophy of bladder: evolution of management.
Eighty-nine patients with bladder exstrophy were seen at our institution over the last fifty years. There were 63 males and 26 females. Cloacal exstrophy constituted 9 per cent of our experience. Twenty-seven patients underwent primary urinary diversion with subsequent genital reconstruction early on in our series. Of the 57 children operated on since 1951, 50 were judged eligible for and underwent a planned multistaged reconstruction. We realized a 50 per cent success rate. The majority of failures were diverted into an ileal conduit for persistent incontinence.
D001208:Asia; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000196:embryology / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery*; D012809:Colon, Sigmoid / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods