[Malaria chemoprophylaxis. Resistance problems].
Several drugs are used for malaria chemoprophylaxis: 4 amino-quinolines, antifolics, combinations of sulfonamides and antifolics, and new anti-malarial agents, including mefloquine. The indications and contra-indications of their use are reviewed with respect to their tolerance and pharmacokinetics. Severe side effects associated with the administration of sulfonamide + pyrimethamine are discussed. The development of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine and other agents creates a new challenge for chemoprophylaxis. The choice of chemoprophylaxis is dictated by the geographical incidence of resistance: in low risk areas (no chloroquine resistance), 4-amino-quinolines should be used because of the good tolerance; in medium risk areas (low frequency of resistant strains), amodiaquine is useful for prophylaxis and presumptive treatment of fevers is indicated; in high risk areas (high incidence of resistant strains), no anti-malarial agent but the newly developed mefloquine is effective.
D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003622:Dapsone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015767:Mefloquine; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum; D002727:Proguanil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011803:Quinine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000962:Antimalarials; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011804:Quinolines; C001205:fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination; C001678:Maloprim; D013413:Sulfadoxine; D002738:Chloroquine; D003622:Dapsone; D011803:Quinine; D002727:Proguanil; D015767:Mefloquine; D011739:Pyrimethamine
Chimioprophylaxie du paludisme. Problèmes des résistances.