Alterations in coagulation and hemograms of horses given endotoxins for 24 hours via hepatic portal infusions.
This experiment was designed to establish a model for the study of gastrointestinal disturbances as a result of prolonged endotoxin uptake in the horse. The hepatic portal vein of 7 horses was catheterized (through flank incisions) to give chronic hepatic portal infusions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin). Lipopolysaccharide was infused at a rate of 1 microgram/kg of body weight/hr for 24 hours. Two of the horses were infused with saline solution for 12 hours before LPS infusions were given. Lipopolysaccharide was shown to affect behavior and hematologic and coagulation values. The 1st hour was critical for the LPS-infused horses; yet by 4 hours, the horses had apparently become refractory to continued infusion of LPS. During the 1st hour, all horses collapsed without an accompanying hypotension. A decrease in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) was seen during this time and was accompanied by a shortening of the recalcification tests, 1-stage prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. There was an increased concentration of circulating fibrinogen/fibrin degradatory products. All of the LPS-infused horses showed signs of hoof discomfort and either stood with the 4 feet together beneath the body or continually shifted their weight from one front foot to the other. Hoof temperature decreased approximately 3 degrees (C) during this time and remained decreased for the duration of the experiment.
D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D003085:Colic / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000662:veterinary; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D011169:Portal Vein; D013577:Syndrome / Q000662:veterinary
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides