Clinical observation and comparison of the effectiveness of several oxime cholinesterase reactivators.
After passing toxicity and experimental therapeutic tests, four oxime cholinesterase reactivators [PAM (pyridine aldoxime methiodide), PAC (pralidoxime, pyridine aldoxime methylchloride), TMB4 (trimedoxime), and DMO4 (obidoxime, Toxogonin, LüH6)] were compared in clinical trials. All of them proved capable of restoring erythrocyte cholinesterase activity and relieving symptoms and signs of organophosphate insecticide poisoning. Mildly and moderately poisoned patients can be treated by several injections of any one of these drugs alone, but severe cases need the synergistic action of atropine, as well as treatments for two to three consecutive days. Although response to treatment is stronger with TMB4 and DMO4, they are not recommended for routine treatment because of their dangerous adverse side effects.
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004222:Disulfoton / Q000506:poisoning*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D009768:Obidoxime Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D010278:Parathion / Q000506:poisoning*; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014289:Trimedoxime / Q000627:therapeutic use
D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D007306:Insecticides; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds; D004222:Disulfoton; D009768:Obidoxime Chloride; D014289:Trimedoxime; D010278:Parathion; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D002802:Cholinesterases