High effectiveness of aerosolized chick embryo fibroblast measles vaccine in seven-month-old and older infants.
Neither the presence of hypertonic sugar nor the absence of 1% human albumin in the aerosolized chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) measles vaccine was previously found to be responsible for its inadequacy in infants with titers of maternal plaque-neutralizing (PN) antibody at which human diploid cell measles vaccine was immunogenic. Eight weeks after administration of CEF measles vaccine containing 1% human albumin, antibody had developed in all 10 infants 7-10 months old and all 11 children 12-35 months old but in only 26% of 23 infants 3-5 months old and 67% of 9 infants 6 months of age. Failure of antibody development was associated with prevaccination PN antibody titers of greater than or equal to 1:50 (with one exception at a titer of 1:25). The PN antibody response to CEF vaccine (diluted 1:10, approximately 10(5) pfu/ml) in infants under seven months of age (geometric mean titer [GMT], 1:421) was significantly lower (P less than .005) than in older infants (GMT, 1:1,564). At a 1:1,000 dilution of vaccine, only 50% of 10 infants 13-25 months old, 20% of 15 infants 7-10 months old, and none of 8 infants 6 months old developed antibody.
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000336:Aerosols; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007223:Infant; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
D000336:Aerosols; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D008458:Measles Vaccine