title: Events surrounding the initiation of puberty with long term subcutaneous pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone in a female patient with Kallman's syndrome.
abstract: An 18-yr-old woman with primary amenorrhea, anosmia, and total lack of secondary sexual development was treated for 230 days using sc pulsatile GnRH. GnRH testing with 100 micrograms, sc, initially revealed a peak FSH to LH ratio greater than 1. After 28 days of treatment, this ratio had reversed. A dosage of 20 micrograms/2 h for 200 days resulted in a LH to FSH ratio greater than 2. Widening the interval to 20 micrograms/3 h significantly lowered LH, but not FSH, levels. Increasing the frequency to 20 micrograms/90 min again increased the LH to FSH ratio. Twenty-four-hour testing revealed a sleep-entrained PRL rise both during and after GnRH therapy, but no sleep-entrained rise in LH. Ultrasound monitoring revealed cyclic changes in ovarian diameter at 30- to 60-day intervals that coincided with cyclic increases in LH and estradiol. The uterine fundus doubled in length between days 50 and 110 of treatment. The patient progressed from Tanner pubic hair and breast stage I to stage II during treatment, which was terminated due to an allergic reaction to GnRH. This study provides the first report of hormonal and ultrasound events surrounding puberty induction with GnRH in the female. We conclude widening the interval of GnRH administration can reduce LH levels while maintaining FSH levels, cyclic changes in ovarian diameter, LH, and estradiol occur before menarche, and although pulsatile GnRH provides a fascinating model for the study of puberty in the female, the chronicity of therapy needed and its potential for allergic reaction make this method of inducing puberty suboptimal.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011628:Puberty, Delayed / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013577:Syndrome; D014599:Uterus / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone