title: Atypical and anaplastic meningiomas: radiology, surgery, radiotherapy, and outcome.
abstract: Out of 936 primary intracranial meningiomas, 94.3% were histologically benign (grade I), 4.7% atypical (grade II), and 1.0% anaplastic (grade III); one recurrence was sarcomatous (grade IV). Meningiomas with histologic anaplasia (grades II-IV) occurred in 12% of the men, but only 4% of the women. Only 26% of atypical or anaplastic meningiomas appeared completely innocent on a computed tomography scan. Angiograms, usually showing a meningeal feeding artery, suggested meningioma when computed tomography scans did not. At 5 years after complete removal, the recurrence rate was only 3% (21% at 25 years) for benign meningiomas, but 38% for atypical ones, and 78% for anaplastic ones. The median times to recurrence were 7.5, 2.4, and 3.5 years, respectively. In spite of postoperative radiotherapy, four of five anaplastic meningiomas recurred.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed