title: Pathogenetic factors in peptic ulcer disease.
abstract: Peptic ulcers are believed to develop because of increased acid and pepsin secretion, a reduced mucosal defense mechanism, or a combination of these two abnormalities. Environmental factors such as use of nonsteroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, smoking, and emotional stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of ulcer disease in some patients. The exact mechanisms whereby these factors cause ulcers is unknown, although it is likely that non-steroidal drugs cause ulcers by reducing mucosal defense mechanisms whereas emotional stress may lead to ulceration by increasing acid secretion and/or decreasing mucosal defense mechanisms. Genetic factors may be important in the pathogenesis of ulcers in some patients.
mesh_terms: D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009093:Mucus / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000201:enzymology; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000378:metabolism; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012907:Smoking; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001639:Bicarbonates; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D002110:Caffeine; D010434:Pepsin A