Anti-idiotypic antibody vaccine for type B viral hepatitis in chimpanzees.
Anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) that contain an internal image component that mimics the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) were used to immunize chimpanzees. Four injections of the rabbit anti-Id preparation elicited an antibody response to HBsAg (anti-HBs). The antibody specificity appeared to be against the anti-Id, since the anti-Id immunogen was shown to bind the chimpanzee anti-HBs. Two chimpanzees immunized with the anti-Id, along with two control animals that were either untreated or received a nonimmune rabbit immunoglobulin G preparation, were challenged with infectious hepatitis B virus. Both control chimpanzees developed clinical and serological characteristics consistent with an active hepatitis B virus infection, whereas the two anti-Id treated chimpanzees were protected from infection. Since chimpanzees provide a relevant model of a human response to hepatitis B virus immunization and infection, these results indicate that anti-Id preparations such as that described here might be candidates for vaccines against human diseases.
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes / Q000276:immunology*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D051379:Mice; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D011817:Rabbits / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines
D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes; D014612:Vaccines; D000410:Alanine Transaminase