title: Comparative activity of seven extended-spectrum cephalosporins against gram-negative bacilli from blood cultures.
abstract: One hundred sequential Gram-negative rod isolates from patients with hospital-acquired bloodstream infections were tested against seven new cephalosporins. Duplicate broth microdilution tests indicated superior activity for ceftazidime with 97% of strains susceptible to 16 mg/l. Less in-vitro activity was demonstrated cefotaxime (91% susceptible to 16 mg/l, P = 0.07), latamoxef (moxalactam) (90%, P = 0.04), cefoperazone (90%, P = 0.04), ceftriaxone (87%, P = 0.008), cefmenoxime (80%, P = 0.0001), and ceftizoxime (79%, P less than 0.0001). With the exception of cefoperazone, the newer drugs had mean MICs of less than or equal to 0.6 mg/l against Enterobacteriaceae. Ceftazidime and cefoperazone had highest activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC90S of 4 and 16 mg/l, respectively. A comparison of recently published data shows important geographic differences in MIC90 data for the new cephalosporins against specific species.
mesh_terms: D015281:Cefmenoxime; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000494:pharmacology; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002438:Cefoperazone; D002442:Ceftazidime; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D015281:Cefmenoxime; D002439:Cefotaxime