title: X-ray-translucent retractors in spine surgery. Technical note.
abstract: With surgery of the vertebral column under image intensification, surgical instruments and conventional metal retractors often obscure important x-ray landmarks. Surgery is more difficult, operating time is longer, and exposure to x-rays is increased. The author has developed x-ray-translucent retractors for ventral and dorsal operations. Although for reasons of strength these retractors have somewhat more bulk than equivalent metal retractors, they are sufficiently stable and are compatible with spacial requirements. They can be sterilized and reused.
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014965:X-Rays