The Willowbrook hepatitis studies revisited: ethical aspects.
Studies of the natural history and prevention of viral hepatitis were initiated at Willowbrook State School in 1955. During the subsequent two decades there was considerable controversy regarding the ethical aspects of these studies. The background of these studies is described in detail in historical context. This report should provide the reader with information needed to make an independent objective judgement of the ethics of the Willowbrook hepatitis studies.
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008297:Male; D033281:Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; D033282:Parental Consent; D018579:Patient Selection; D035842:Research Subjects; D018570:Risk Assessment
D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase