title: Experimental induction of preneoplastic and neoplastic changes in the lingual mucosa of rats.
abstract: Squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue can be produced reliably in rats by repeated application of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. The histopathological changes in the lingual epithelium during carcinogenesis were progressive, passing through mild to moderate to severe epithelial atypia before the development of squamous cell carcinoma. Initiation, with its putative irreversible cellular changes, occurred within 4 weeks.
mesh_terms: D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013997:Time Factors; D014059:Tongue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011409:Propylene Glycols; D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide; D019946:Propylene Glycol