title: Digestion, absorption and utilization of single-cell protein by the preruminant calf. Abomasal outflow and its composition from calves given milk-substitute diets containing varying amounts of either bacterial or yeast protein.
abstract: Two experiments of Latin square design, with four Friesian bull calves fitted with re-entrant duodenal cannulas at 4-10 d of age, were made to study the effect of giving varying levels of single-cell protein on the abomasal outflow and composition of digesta. In Expt 1, diets in which 0, 220, 440, and 660 g/kg milk protein were replaced by the bacterial protein Pruteen were compared from 14 d of age. In Expt 2, which began at about 61 d of age, a comparison was made of diets in which 0, 220, 440 and 660 g/kg milk protein were replaced by the yeast protein Toprina. Collection of abomasal outflow was made for 8 h after feeding for 2 d within each 6 d period of the Latin square design experiment. The amount of diet offered daily was 50 g dry matter/kg body-weight 0.75. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), which was used as an indigestible marker, total nitrogen (TN), protein-N (PN), fat, and potassium, sodium and chloride ion outflows were measured together with pepsin (EC 3.4.23.1) and chymosin (EC 3.4.23.4) activities, pH and titratable acidity. In Expt 1 there was little difference in the outflow of liquid digesta between diets and about 0.9 of the dietary PEG was recovered within the 8 h collection period. With increasing amounts of Pruteen in the diet, outflows of TN, PN, fat and Na+ increased, and the pH of digesta increased. However, the volume of 'apparent secretion' into the abomasum (outflow - intake), pepsin activity, chymosin activity, titratable acidity, (outflow of Cl- -outflow of Na+) as a measure of outflow of HCl, and outflows of K+ and of Cl- were reduced. All outflows decreased with the time interval after feeding, except (Cl- -Na+) outflow. In Expt 2, the same trends as in Expt 1 were apparent, but since one calf had to be slaughtered and the experiment had to be analysed as a randomized block, only PN and K+ outflows and pH were significantly affected by dietary treatment, with K+ outflow increasing, rather than decreasing, with increasing concentration of single-cell protein in the diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000018:Abomasum / Q000378:metabolism*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D012085:Chymosin / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002712:Chlorides; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C032574:toprina; D012964:Sodium; D010434:Pepsin A; D012085:Chymosin; D009584:Nitrogen; D011188:Potassium