Mycotoxins producing fungi and mycoflora of air-dust from Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Using the dilution plate method, 70 species and 31 genera were collected from 20 dust samples on glucose (28 genera and 64 species) and cellulose Czapek's agar (22 genera and 46 species) at 28 degrees C. The most common fungi were Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. flavus var. columnaris, Phoma glomerata, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum and Mucor racemosus; and A. nidulans, Phoma humicola, Drechslera spicifera and Stachybotrys chartarum on the two media, respectively. Toxicity test showed that about 85% of the isolates tested were toxic to brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Thin layer chromatographic analysis revealed that 13 out of 23 toxic isolates produced known mycotoxins. Toxins identified were: aflatoxins B1 and B2, Kojic acid and trichodermine.
D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000391:Air Microbiology; D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000382:microbiology; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003470:Culture Media; D004391:Dust; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D009089:Mucor / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010407:Penicillium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011753:Pyrones / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000348:Aflatoxins; D003470:Culture Media; D004391:Dust; D009183:Mycotoxins; D011753:Pyrones; D014255:Trichothecenes; C011890:kojic acid; C029753:aflatoxin B2; D016604:Aflatoxin B1