title: In vitro growth inhibition of mastitis causing bacteria by phenolics and metal chelators.
abstract: Antimicrobial activities of three phenolic compounds and four metal chelators were tested at 0, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm in vitro against four major mastitis-causing bacteria, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. Overall, butylated hydroxyanisole and tert-butylhydroquinone showed the greatest antimicrobial activity. These phenolics were bactericidal at 250 to 500 ppm against all four bacteria tested. The butylated hydroxytoluene was bactericidal against the gram-positive bacteria but was ineffective against the coliforms. At 250 ppm, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was bactericidal against the gram-positive bacteria but much less effective against the gram-negatives. However, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid was more growth inhibitory than ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid against the gram-negative bacteria and especially against Escherichia coli. All other compounds were generally much less effective or ineffective against all four microorganisms. Therefore, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, tert-butylhydroquinone, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid may have practical implications in the prevention or treatment of bovine mastitis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000382:microbiology*; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D005029:Ethylenediamines; D006873:Hydroquinones; D010636:Phenols; C011813:ethylenediamine-N,N'-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid); D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; C037740:N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; C018855:2-tert-butylhydroquinone; D003676:Deferoxamine