title: An echocardiographic study of perimembranous ventricular septal defect with left ventricular to right atrial shunting.
abstract: Twenty nine patients with isolated perimembranous ventricular septal defects were investigated by M mode, cross sectional, and pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Tricuspid valve anomalies were present in all six patients with a left ventricular-right atrial shunt but in only six (26%) of 23 patients who had interventricular shunts only. Systolic flutter of the tricuspid valve was shown in five (83%) of the six patients with a ventriculoatrial shunt but not in the other patients. Systolic turbulence in both the right ventricle and right atrium was detected by Doppler echocardiography only in patients with ventriculoatrial shunting. A perimembranous ventricular septal defect with left ventricular to right atrial shunt can be diagnosed by its combined M mode, cross sectional, and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic features.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000002:abnormalities