Clinical, physiologic, and psychologic comparison of treatment by cromolyn or theophylline in childhood asthma.
Treatment of chronic perennial childhood asthma with cromolyn sodium (CS) or long-acting theophylline (LAT) was compared in 13 children by a double-blind, cross-over trial in which each drug was administered for 4 wk. LAT was administered twice daily in individual doses to elicit adequate blood levels (mean 14.0 +/- 1.6 SEM, micrograms per milliliters). Powdered CS was administered by inhalation in a dose of 20 mg four times daily. The patients were followed by means of a daily symptom and drug consumption diary and twice daily peak flow measurements. A series of psychologic studies were performed in the third week of each month. Exercise and histamine bronchial provocation tests were performed at the end of each month. There were no significant differences between the month in which CS was taken and the month in which LAT was taken in terms of diary scores, peak flow rates, additional drug consumption, or in bronchial reactivity to exercise or histamine at the end of each month. The results of psychologic tests reflecting visual-spatial planning were significantly better for the four children receiving CS with lower IQ scores (87 to 105) but not for the nine children with higher IQ scores (111 to 134). The possibility that the psychologic performance of children with lower intelligence may be adversely affected by theophylline requires further evaluation.
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D002648:Child; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion; D013806:Theophylline / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D013806:Theophylline; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium