Hematopoiesis and the inosine modification in transfer RNA.
Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells were used to begin to evaluate the role in hematopoiesis of inosine biosynthesis in the tRNA anticodon wobble position; a reaction involving the enzymatic insertion of performed hypoxanthine. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and hypoxanthine were found to induce the differentiation of HL-60 cells in a synergistic manner, and the induced differentiation was independent of changes in the purine catabolic enzymes adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase. The short-term exposure of HL-60 cells to DMSO plus hypoxanthine resulted in enhanced leucine incorporation, and a model is presented showing how the inosine modification reaction in tRNA may be involved. A means by which hypoxanthine insertion into tRNA may modulate the synthesis of regulatory proteins (e.g., lymphokines and cell surface receptors) is also outlined.
D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000926:Anticodon; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D003062:Codon; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D007042:Hypoxanthines / Q000494:pharmacology; D007288:Inosine / Q000502:physiology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011683:Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000502:physiology*
D000926:Anticodon; D003062:Codon; D007042:Hypoxanthines; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D007288:Inosine; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D011683:Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide