title: Functional characterization of preganglionic neurons projecting in the lumbar splanchnic nerves: neurons regulating motility.
abstract: Lumbar preganglionic neurons, which projected in the lumbar splanchnic nerves and were probably involved in regulating motility of colon and pelvic organs (motility-regulating, MR neurons), were analyzed for their discharge patterns. The responses of the neurons to the following stimuli were tested: stimulation of arterial baro- and chemoreceptors and of afferents from the urinary bladder, colon, mucosal skin of the anus and perianal hairy skin. The following findings were made: a total of 131 preganglionic neurons were classified as MR neurons; these reacted to natural stimulation of at least one of the afferent inputs from the urinary bladder, colon and anal and perianal skin. The ongoing activity of these neurons did not correlate with the cardiac cycle or the cycle of the artificial ventilation. Most of them did not respond to an increase of blood pressure produced by i.v. injection of adrenaline or noradrenaline; some showed a weak depression or weak excitation which, in the time course, was untypical for visceral vasoconstrictor neurons. Stimulation of arterial chemoreceptors either did not influence MR neurons or produced only a secondary response owing to contraction of the urinary bladder. Ninety-seven preganglionic MR neurons could be subclassified: MR1 neurons were excited by distension and contraction of the urinary bladder and/or inhibited by distension and contraction of the colon (n = 61), a few were excited from both organs (n = 4); MR2 neurons were inhibited by distension and contraction of the urinary bladder and/or excited by distension and contraction of the colon (n = 32). Ninety-five out of 121 MR neurons (78.5%) were excited, 10 (8%) were inhibited and 16 (13%) not influenced by mechanical shearing stimuli applied to the mucosal skin of the anus. Most neurons which were excited by anal stimulation were not influenced by mechanical stimulation of the perianal (perigenital) skin. Twenty-eight per cent of the MR neurons (18 out of 64) were excited or inhibited upon stimulation of perianal skin. A few of these (7 out of 64 neurons, 11%) were involved in reflex responses which were different from those elicited from anal skin. At present no further consistent subclassification of MR1 and MR2 neurons appears possible on the basis of the excitatory and inhibitory anal and perianal reflexes. The results show that the population of visceral preganglionic neurons, which are probably involved in regulation of motility of colon and pelvic organs, is not homogeneous and probably consists of several subpopulations.
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal; D000818:Animals; D001339:Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D003106:Colon / Q000294:innervation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D011311:Pressoreceptors / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation; D013153:Splanchnic Nerves / Q000502:physiology*; D014521:Urethra / Q000294:innervation; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation