Paracetamol overdosage in Jerusalem.
Forty-nine subjects were identified in the years 1978-83 in four major hospitals in Jerusalem as suspected of paracetamol overdosage. The apparent yearly incidence of paracetamol overdosage in the Jewish population in Jerusalem increased from 0.6/100,000 in 1978 to 4.5/100,000 in 1983. Two subgroups were identified: 13 children, the majority aged 2 to 4 years; and 36 young adults less than 39 years old, mostly in the 18- to 21-year age-group. In children, overdosage was caused by accident, in adults by attempted suicide. Morbidity was minimal, and transient liver function disturbances were found in only two subjects. Toxic levels were found in 2 of the 20 cases tested for paracetamol plasma concentration. Nevertheless, 31 subjects (63%) were hospitalized, and 29 of these were treated with N-acetylcysteine. The availability of the plasma paracetamol assay for diagnosis and of N-acetylcysteine as a specific antidote makes it possible to deal more effectively with the problem of paracetamol overdosage as a community health hazard.
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors; D013406:Suicide, Attempted
D000082:Acetaminophen; D000111:Acetylcysteine