title: Further evidence for nonrandom chromosome changes in carcinoma cells--a report of 28 cases.
abstract: A cytogenetic study was made of pleural and ascitic effusions from 28 carcinoma patients. Gross chromosome abnormalities were observed in each case. A selection against heteroploid cells occurred generally in long-term cell cultures. Although no further evidence for the existence of primary specific chromosome abnormalities was found in this study, we postulate three types of chromosome abnormalities in carcinoma cells: (a) primary, specific chromosome changes; (b) secondary, but nonrandom, chromosome changes; and (c) random chromosome changes. We feel that it may be a feature of the secondary changes to cause high mitotic instability, which leads to further karyotype variability, new changes of type b and c, and an increased potential for malignancy.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*