title: Verapamil and zero Ca2+ alter responses of cat muscle to halothane and caffeine.
abstract: Strips of soleus (slow twitch, oxidative) and gracilis (fast-twitch, glycolytic) muscle were obtained from 27 anesthetized cats and mounted in organ baths filled with oxygenated Krebs-Ringer solution (37 degrees C). The responses to caffeine, halothane (1%), caffeine in the presence of halothane, and electrical stimulation in the presence of halothane were examined in the two fiber types. These responses were compared with those observed in paired strips of muscle that had been treated with verapamil (10 or 28 microM), a slow calcium (Ca2+) channel blocker, with zero Ca2+, or with zero Ca2+ where magnesium (3.7 mM Ca2+) was added to replace the Ca2+. Halothane-induced contractures in the soleus were blocked by verapamil and zero Ca2+. Caffeine-induced contractures and tetanic contractions were attenuated in zero Ca2+ and by verapamil in both fiber types. Halothane overcame verapamil-induced reductions of caffeine contractures and tetanic contractions in both fiber types. In contrast, halothane did not overcome zero Ca2+-induced reductions in caffeine contractures or tetanic contractions in either fiber type. Furthermore, the addition of Mg2+ to the zero Ca2+ did not restore the responses. The findings with verapamil indicate that in cat muscle, both halothane- and caffeine-induced contractures and tetanic contractions are dependent on the influx of extracellular Ca2+. This extracellular Ca2+ may enter through the slow Ca2+ channels. However, because halothane in combination with caffeine or electrical stimulation overcame the effects of verapamil, there may be other sites involved.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D002415:Cats; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000502:physiology; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects*; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D014700:Verapamil; D002118:Calcium; D006221:Halothane