title: Blood alcohol concentration determined from urine samples as a practical equivalent or alternative to blood and breath alcohol tests.
abstract: The value of urine tests for determining an equivalent blood alcohol concentration in driving under the influence (DUI) enforcement cases is reviewed from a historical, theoretical, and practical perspective. The limits of precision and accuracy that can be ascribed to urine alcohol results are demonstrated through an evaluation of actual case results wherein both a first void and a subsequent urine sample were analyzed and converted to an equivalent blood alcohol concentration (BAC) using a urine to blood conversion factor of 1.3:1.
mesh_terms: D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001944:Breath Tests; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol