Left ventricular function before and after reaching the anaerobic threshold.
Simultaneous pulmonary gas exchange analysis and exercise radionuclide angiography were performed in 24 normal patients (14 supine and ten upright). Left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) were measured at rest, anaerobic threshold (point of nonlinear increase in ventilation relative to oxygen uptake), and peak exercise. The anaerobic threshold occurred at a similar heart rate for supine vs upright exercise, 78 percent and 77 percent of peak heart rate, respectively. The anaerobic threshold occurred at a similar workload for supine vs upright exercise, 60 percent and 56 percent of peak workload, respectively. The anaerobic threshold also occurred at a similar oxygen uptake for supine vs upright exercise, 69 percent vs 69 percent of peak oxygen uptake, respectively. For both exercise modes, mean LVEF increased (p less than 0.01) by a similar amount (.06 vs .07) from rest to anaerobic threshold, but there was no further increase from anaerobic threshold to peak exercise. The mechanism of the increase was a reduction in end-systolic volume with little or no change in end-diastolic volume. This increase was not seen in patients with rest LVEF in the high normal range (greater than 0.68). Therefore, for both supine and upright exercise, the major augmentation in LVEF occurs at earlier stages of exercise, prior to the anaerobic threshold. After the anaerobic threshold, the LVEF response may be highly variable, and a uniform increase is not necessarily expected even in normal subjects.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D005082:Physical Exertion; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012119:Respiration; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016276:Ventricular Function