title: Neonatal theophylline neurotoxicity.
abstract: Despite the frequency with which theophylline is administered to premature infants, there are few reported cases of neurotoxicity. We describe a theophylline-treated premature infant with chronic bronchopulmonary dysplasia and hepatitis who displayed a focal seizure and irritability followed by other systemic signs of theophylline intoxication, at a postnatal age of 5 months. An unrecognized accidental drug overdose combined with a prolonged elimination half-life were responsible for clinical intoxication. The potential mechanisms of theophylline's neurotoxicity are discussed briefly.
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000188:drug therapy; D006207:Half-Life; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013806:Theophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D013806:Theophylline