title: Cytogenetic effects of pesticides. III. Induction of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow by the insecticides cypermethrin and rotenone.
abstract: The production of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow by the pyrethroid insecticide, cypermethrin and the botanical insecticide, rotenone was examined. Three routes of administration were used for the insecticides: intraperitoneal, oral and dermal. The different routes of treatment with cypermethrin and rotenone caused toxicity of marrow as indicated by a significant increase in the percentage of polychromatic erythrocytes (PEs) over that of the control. Cypermethrin showed mutagenic potential as evidenced by a positive response in the micronucleus assay. Oral administration of the insecticide at a dietary level of 900 ppm for 7 and 14 consecutive days as well as double and multiple (total 4) dermal treatments (360 mg/kg body wt.) induced a statistically significant increase in the frequency of PEs with micronuclei. The conducted intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatments with cypermethrin: single injection at 60 and 180 mg/kg body wt., double and multiple injections (total 3) at 60 mg/kg body wt. did not affect the percentage of PEs with micronuclei. The different treatments with rotenone: single, double and multiple (i.p.) injections (total 3) at 2 and 3 mg/kg body wt., oral administration for 14 consecutive days at dietary level of 225 ppm and multiple dermal treatments (total 4) with 135 mg/kg body wt. showed no effect on the frequency of micronuclei in PEs.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012402:Rotenone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D011722:Pyrethrins; D012402:Rotenone; C017160:cypermethrin