Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and supraventricular tachycardia during infancy: management and follow-up.
The records of 90 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who presented with supraventricular tachycardia in the first 4 months of life were reviewed. Among these, 63% were male. Structural heart disease was present in 20%, most commonly Ebstein's anomaly. All patients presented with a regular narrow QRS tachycardia, and pre-excitation became evident only when normal sinus rhythm was established. Only one infant had atrial flutter and none had atrial fibrillation. Type A Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was most common (49%), with heart disease occurring in only 5% of these patients. In contrast, heart disease was identified in 45% of those with type B syndrome. Initially, normal sinus rhythm was achieved in 88% of the 66 infants treated with digoxin with no deaths. Normal sinus rhythm resumed after electrical countershock in 87% of the 15 infants so treated. Maintenance digoxin therapy was used in 85 patients. The Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern disappeared in 36% of the patients. Four infants died of cardiac causes during the mean follow-up period of 6.5 years. Two of these four infants had congenital heart disease; the third, with a normal heart initially, developed ventricular fibrillation and died from a cardiomyopathy considered related to resuscitation. The remaining infant, with a normal heart, died suddenly at 1 month of age. All were receiving digoxin. A wide QRS tachycardia later appeared in three patients, all with heart disease, one of whom died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004077:Digoxin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004437:Ebstein Anomaly / Q000628:therapy; D004554:Electric Countershock; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000503:physiopathology; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D014927:Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*
D004077:Digoxin