title: Effect of neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds in turkeys.
abstract: To determine the neurotoxic effects of organophosphorus compounds in turkeys, adult birds were given a single oral dose of 125, 250, 500 mg/kg triorthotolyl phosphate (TOTP) or a single subcutaneous dose of 0.4 mg/kg O,O'-diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP). At 24 h after dosing with TOTP, neurotoxic esterase activity was found to be inhibited in a dose-related manner, as were the activities of blood cholinesterase and liver cholinesterase. Clinical signs of neuropathy appeared within 2 wk in TOTP-treated groups of birds with neurotoxic esterase activities at 59 +/- 3% (125 mg/kg), 47 +/- 7% (250 mg/kg) and 33 +/- 3% (500 mg/kg) of control values (mean +/- SEM, n = 5) at 24 h after dosing. Signs appeared earlier in turkeys given DFP. Histological examination revealed only mild lesions of delayed neurotoxicity in birds given either TOTP or DFP.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D003408:Cresols / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000187:drug effects; D007531:Isoflurophate / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014317:Tritolyl Phosphates / Q000633:toxicity*; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D003408:Cresols; D014317:Tritolyl Phosphates; D007531:Isoflurophate; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C021859:neurotoxic esterase; D002802:Cholinesterases; C025541:tri-o-cresyl phosphate