title: Effects of an observer on conformity to handwashing norm.
abstract: Women were observed after elimination in a public restroom to determine the effects of the presence or absence of an observer upon the likelihood of handwashing. 18 of 20 subjects in the presence of another and 3 of 19 who were not observed washed. The difference in frequency of handwashing between the two groups was clearly significant.
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012499:Sanitation; D012925:Social Conformity