title: Childhood sarcoidosis in Arkansas.
abstract: Sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, is most often seen in young adults. Childhood cases have been reported primarily from Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Thirty children have been seen in Arkansas between 1957 and 1982, which suggests that the endemic area for childhood sarcoidosis should include both the south central and southeastern United States. The median age was 11 years; 29/30 were black; and 90% were symptomatic, 60% with systemic symptoms. Manifestations included abnormal chest roentgenograms (100%), restrictive pulmonary functions (79%), lymphadenopathy (63%), splenomegaly (40%), skin lesions (30%), granulomatous uveitis (27%), hyperglobulinemia (72%), and hypercalcemia (30%). Course and prognosis were similar to those in adults at follow-up of two to 11 years. Four with uveitis had serious residua in the eyes, three had crippling restrictive lung disease, and two died of respiratory failure. Sarcoidosis seems to be an immunologic response to an unknown inhaled antigen, probably present in the southeastern and south central US.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001131:Arkansas; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D011241:Prednisone