Ceftriaxone. A new cephalosporin with aqueous humor levels effective against enterobacteriaceae.
One- or two-gram doses of ceftriaxone were administered intravenously to 30 patients before cataract extraction. With the 1-g dose, mean aqueous humor concentrations of 0.93 and 0.88 microgram/mL were found at approximately 2 and 12 hours after administration, respectively. With the 2-g dose, a mean level of 2.47 micrograms/mL was observed at two hours; levels of more than 2 micrograms/mL were found in two patients 13 hours after administration. Both the 1- and 2-g doses thus produce aqueous humor levels many times higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration of ceftriaxone for 90% of most Enterobacteriaceae, excluding Pseudomonas. Concentrations adequate for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were not, however, obtained.
D000328:Adult; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011292:Premedication
D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002439:Cefotaxime