title: Frontal eye field projection to the paramedian pontine reticular formation traced with wheat germ agglutinin in the monkey.
abstract: Injections of the retrograde tracer [125I]wheat germ agglutinin have been placed in different areas of the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF), a well known premotor center for gaze control. Experiments in 5 monkeys revealed 3 major sources of input: (1) bilateral projections from the so-called frontal eye field (FEF), which is situated in the frontal cortex around the arcuate sulcus; (2) the intermediate and deep layers of mainly the contralateral superior colliculus; and (3) ipsilateral projections from brainstem structures such as the accessory oculomotor nuclei (nucleus interstitialis of Cajal, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, and nucleus of the posterior commissure), the mesencephalic reticular formation, the vestibular nuclei, the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, and the cerebellar fastigial nucleus. The results are compared with previous anatomical investigations and confirm the electrophysiologically demonstrated FEF-PPRF-abducens disynaptic pathway.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002529:Cerebellar Nuclei / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005133:Eye Movements; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D011149:Pons / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D012154:Reticular Formation / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000033:anatomy & histology