title: Comparison of the ocular effects of atropine or glycopyrrolate with two I.V. induction agents.
abstract: Atropine and glycopyrrolate combined with either methohexitone or thiopentone were compared with the induction agent alone in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. Patients acted as their own controls in each sub-group defined by induction agent. Pupil size, muscle twitches, presence of hiccups and the extent of oropharyngeal secretions were noted. Methohexitone produced a greater and more prolonged increase in pupil size than did thiopentone. The subsequent pupil size following the atropine-methohexitone mixture was significantly greater than that following the glycopyrrolate-methohexitone mixture. The combination of atropine with thiopentone produced a greater "secondary" mydriasis than thiopentone alone, or thiopentone combined with glycopyrrolate. The effect of the glycopyrrolate-thiopentone combination did not differ significantly from that of thiopentone alone. Methohexitone was associated with a greater incidence of hiccups, muscle twitching and excessive salivation.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008723:Methohexital / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013874:Thiopental / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011759:Pyrrolidines; D001285:Atropine; D008723:Methohexital; D013874:Thiopental; D006024:Glycopyrrolate