Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis.
All antibiotics, except parenteral aminoglycosides, sulfonamides and vancomycin, can induce pseudomembranous colitis. The worst offenders are clindamycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin and the cephalosporins. The cytotoxin produced by Clostridium difficile has been identified as the cause of pseudomembranous colitis. Treatment includes an antimicrobial to eradicate the organism and cholestyramine or colestipol to bind the toxin.
D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000009:adverse effects; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000009:adverse effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001414:Bacitracin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000009:adverse effects; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000009:adverse effects; D003013:Clostridium; D003084:Colestipol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004724:Endoscopy; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005243:Feces / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002511:Cephalosporins; C031815:toxB protein, Clostridium difficile; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin; D001414:Bacitracin; D008795:Metronidazole; D002981:Clindamycin; D014640:Vancomycin; D000667:Ampicillin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D003084:Colestipol