[Causes of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes].
Insulin resistance is a well-known phenomenon in diabetic patients. Its occurrence in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes is thought to be due both to metabolic and immunological disturbances. In this context, a key role is attributed to the augmented release of the 'diabetogenic' hormones, adrenaline, glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone, as well as to hypertonic dehydration and to the presence of insulin-binding antibodies. In this connection it is noteworthy that among the 'diabetogenic' hormones adrenaline exerts the strongest insulin-antagonistic effect and that hypertonic dehydration is associated with impairment of insulin action and of non-insulin-dependent hepatic glucose uptake (in vitro), while hypotonic rehydration reduces the elevated hepatic glucose production in dehydrated Type 1 diabetic patients. By contrast, the generally only slightly elevated serum insulin-binding capacity in insulin-treated diabetics is probably of least importance in the development of insulin resistance, unless excessively high insulin antibody titres prevail.
D000818:Animals; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats
D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D004837:Epinephrine
Ursachen der Insulinresistenz bei Typ-1-Diabetes.