Encrustation and stone formation: complication of indwelling ureteral stents.
Severe encrustation and stone formation on indwelling ureteral stents in 2 patients with a lithogenic history are reported. In both cases this complication occurred in the presence of sterile urine and treatment required pyelolithotomy in one and renal pelvic irrigation with urologic G solution in the other. Analyses of these stones revealed struvite and apatite, respectively. Dissolution of encrustations and stones via renal pelvic irrigation is suggested as a viable alternative to surgical intervention for this problem. A review of the literature shows a correlation between chronic stone formers and stent encrustation, rather than from bacteriuria alone. Long-term antibiotic suppression, more frequent followup with abdominal roentgenograms, and shorter periods of internal stenting are suggested for patients with a lithogenic history.
D000328:Adult; D001031:Apatites / Q000032:analysis; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D008297:Male; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D012828:Silicones; D000069877:Struvite; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D013997:Time Factors; D014513:Ureter; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*
D001031:Apatites; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D012828:Silicones; D000069877:Struvite; D008274:Magnesium