[In vitro study of transvenous commissurotomy in severe mitral valve stenoses using the balloon catheter].
To answer the question whether mitral commissurotomy with a balloon catheter is possible, the following in vitro study was performed. In 12 patients who were operated due to severe mitral stenosis the fibrotic (n = 8) or calcified (n = 4) valves were excised and mounted in a glass cylinder. In a first step a valvuloplasty was performed with a balloon catheter (size 20 mm). Mitral valve area increased by about 40%. With simultaneous inflation of a second balloon catheter (size 15 mm) valve area increased more than 100% and reached 1.63 cm2 in the mean. Valvuloplasty was successful (increase of at least 0.5 cm2) in 11/12 cases. In 9 valves the rupture occurred within the commissures, twice within the leaflets and once the opening area increased due to dilatation. Commissurotomy with a balloon catheter seems to be possible even in calcified mitral valves although in most cases a mild to moderate stenosis will remain.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000601:surgery; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000293:injuries; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012306:Risk
In-vitro-Untersuchung zur transvenösen Kommissurotomie schwerer Mitralstenosen mittels Ballonkatheter.