The effect of autoclaving and enzyme supplementation of guar meal on the performance of chicks and laying hens.
Four experiments with broilers and one with laying hens were conducted to study the effects of processing and hemicellulase supplementation of guar meal (37.0% protein) on growth, feed efficiency, and egg production. Guar meal at 0, 10, and 15%, either in raw form or autoclaved at 100, 102, or 132 C for 3, 15, or 30 min, was fed alone or in the presence of 0 to 250 ppm hemicellulase. In an experiment utilizing full-term broilers, 10 and 15% autoclaved guar meal was fed in the presence of lincomycin (3.3 ppm) or in combination with lincomycin and hemicellulase (25 ppm). The laying hen experiment was conducted with 36-week-old hens for 8 weeks. They were fed the raw or autoclaved meal (102 C, 15 min) alone and in combination with 30 ppm hemicellulase. The raw guar meal depressed growth and the depression was dose-related. Autoclaving at 102 C for 15 min increased growth and feed efficiency. A higher temperature or a longer time of autoclaving failed to give any further increase in growth or feed efficiency. The lowest (16.5 ppm) hemicellulase was as effective as the highest (250 ppm) in increasing growth and feed efficiency of chicks when added to guar meal diets. Penicillin had no effect on growth or feed efficiency when added to the diet containing autoclaved guar meal in the presence of hemicellulase. Dry heating at 150 C for 6 hr or water treatment of guar meal was not effective in stimulating growth or feed efficiency. Guar meal also increased stickiness of droppings; autoclaving enhanced the effect, whereas hemicellulase prevented the sticky droppings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005685:Galactans; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008034:Lincomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010058:Oviposition; D053149:Plant Gums; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; D008034:Lincomycin; C007894:guar gum; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C023305:hemicellulase