Coagulation abnormalities in traumatic shock.
Coagulation abnormalities can pose a threat to hemorrhaging patients and to attempts at surgical correction. We have shown that 97.2% of our 180 patients who died of trauma had evidence of coagulation defects prior to fluid or blood treatment. Twelve of 180 patients could not be cross-matched due to inability of their blood to coagulate in the tube. Clinically 50% of these patients had excessive oozing from venipuncture sites, and 28% had excessive hematoma formation not associated with vascular injury. The most frequently abnormal test was the prothrombin time, in 97% of patients followed by platelet count in 72%, and partial thromboplastin time in 70%. The greatest degree of coagulation abnormality occurred in patients with head trauma, followed in decreasing order by gunshot wounds, blunt trauma, and stab wounds to the body. Because 97.2% of the patients had abnormal coagulation studies prior to fluid and blood replacement, this abnormality most likely was due to disseminated intravascular coagulation. We propose using the tube-clot test to give a rapid indication of coagulation in traumatized patients while awaiting laboratory test results.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D010976:Platelet Count; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality