title: Evaluation of antisera for bloodstain grouping. II. Ss, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Gm/Km.
abstract: Thirty-one different examples of commercially available blood grouping antisera specific for the S, s, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, and Jkb antigens and anti-human globulin sera were serologically evaluated with red cells and in absorption-elution tests to determine their applicability to bloodstain antigen determinations. Nineteen examples of commercially available antisera specific for various Gm and Km antigens and their corresponding anti-D reagents were likewise evaluated in inhibition tests with sera and bloodstains. Elution tests with the blood grouping antisera and inhibition tests with the Gm/Km antisera on a series of aging bloodstains on cotton cloth, and on bloodstains on a number of different substrata, demonstrated that properly evaluated commercial antisera are useful reagents for bloodstain grouping in forensic serology.
mesh_terms: D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching / Q000379:methods*; D001801:Blood Stains; D004375:Duffy Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000032:analysis*; D007126:Immunoglobulin Allotypes / Q000276:immunology; D007626:Kell Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology; D007667:Kidd Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology; D008951:MNSs Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D004375:Duffy Blood-Group System; D007106:Immune Sera; D007126:Immunoglobulin Allotypes; D007626:Kell Blood-Group System; D007667:Kidd Blood-Group System; D008951:MNSs Blood-Group System