title: Esophageal ECG recording--a valuable diagnostic tool in dual chamber pacing.
abstract: The interpretation of the ECG of a dual chamber pacemaker necessitates the identification of atrial activity. This is a prerequisite for the evaluation of pacemaker function and for the correct adjustment of programmable pulse generators. The assessment of atrial capture in standard 12-lead ECGs is, however, sometimes rather difficult. Esophageal ECG recording by means of a reusable unipolar electrode, inserted transnasally, and connected to a standard ECG recorder, is a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for the reliable identification of P-waves. Clinical examples are presented to illustrate the value of this technique in determining atrial capture and as a tool for the differential diagnosis of pacemaker-involved tachycardias. The use of esophageal ECG recording in the clinical follow-up of patients with dual chamber pacemakers is recommended.
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000175:diagnosis