title: TDP-1, a toxic component causing tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens, and trichothecenes from Fusarium roseum 'Graminearum'.
abstract: Fusarium roseum 'Graminearum' was isolated from overwintered oats in Alaska and was tested for its ability to cause tibial dyschondroplasia (TDP) in broiler chickens. The water-soluble fraction was tested and found to cause TDP. In addition, diacetoxyscirpenol and 7-hydroxydiacetoxyscirpenol were identified in the acetonitrile fraction of the extracts and caused mild mouth lesions in chickens. Six major water-soluble components were purified by thin-layer chromatography and tested for toxicity to chick embryos. One of the six components, called TDP-1, was found to be lethal to chick embryos. There was a 100% incidence of TDP in chickens fed a diet containing 75 ppm (wt/wt) of pure TDP-1, thus establishing the cause and effect relationship between TDP and TDP-1. Analyses by thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that TDP-1 is polar and ninhydrin positive, exhibits fluorescence with UV irradiation, and is a nitrogen-containing component with an empirical formula of C15H20N2O4.
mesh_terms: D000413:Alaska; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000382:microbiology; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000506:poisoning*; D010009:Osteochondrodysplasias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000506:poisoning*; D013997:Time Factors; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014255:Trichothecenes