Effect of charcoal-drug ratio on antidotal efficacy of oral activated charcoal in man.
The effect of charcoal-drug ratio on the antidotal efficacy of oral activated charcoal was studied in six healthy volunteers in a randomized cross-over study and compared with the adsorption capacity of activated charcoal in vitro. Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) 1 g and 5 g were ingested on an empty stomach in 30 ml of water. Immediately afterwards the subjects ingested 50 g of activated charcoal in 300 ml of water or 300 ml of water only. PAS 10 g 20 g were only given with 50 g of activated charcoal administered immediately afterwards. The plasma concentrations and the cumulative excretion of PAS into urine were measured for 48 h. Increasing the dose of PAS from 1 g to 20 g reduced the antidotal efficacy of activated charcoal: at a charcoal-drug ratio of 50:1 under 5% of the dose was absorbed but at a ratio of 2.5:1 about 37%. These data correlated well to the saturation of adsorption capacity of charcoal in vitro. To minimize the possibility of saturation of the adsorption capacity of charcoal in acute intoxications where the amount and type of drug taken is usually unknown, large doses (50-100 g) of activated charcoal should be used.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000327:Adsorption; D000328:Adult; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002606:Charcoal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*
D002606:Charcoal; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid