title: Embryopathic effects of ethanol and caffeine in the chick.
abstract: The combined effects of ethanol (20 and 40%, 0.1 ml/egg) and caffeine (0.5 and 1 mg/egg) on early chick embryos were investigated. After treatment with 0.5 mg caffeine and 20% ethanol at 48 h incubation, teratogenicity was potentiated, but without affecting embryonic growth. Embryotoxic interactions of this nature might account for congenital defects of doubtful etiology.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000187:drug effects*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D009026:Mortality
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D000431:Ethanol