title: Effect of dietary cholesterol and degree of fat unsaturation on plasma lipid levels, lipoprotein composition, and fecal steroid excretion in normal young adult men.
abstract: Effect of four test diets differing in the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fats (P/S, 1.8 vs 0.28) and two cholesterol levels (1,000 vs 300 mg/day) for each level of the P/S ratio was determined on plasma lipid levels, lipoprotein compositions and concentrations, and fecal steroid excretion in a controlled diet study with 11 normal young men using a crossover design. Plasma cholesterol levels were significantly decreased by the diets high in P/S ratio regardless of the dietary cholesterol levels (14% decrease by high cholesterol and 20% in low cholesterol) while the diets low in P/S ratio increased cholesterol by an average of 24 and 22% in presence of high and low cholesterol, respectively. Lipids and apoproteins of lower-density lipoproteins were changed in accordance with those of plasma cholesterol but changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) appear to depend on both cholesterol content and P/S ratio. Dietary cholesterol level profoundly influenced the excretion of neutral sterols and diets high in P/S ratio significantly (p less than 0.05) increased fecal bile acid extraction. The present study demonstrated that dietary polyunsaturated fats, when a moderate amount was consumed, were effective and beneficial hypocholesterolemic nutrients without reducing HDL-cholesterol.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005243:Feces / Q000032:analysis*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D012016:Reference Values; D013256:Steroids / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D013256:Steroids