title: Biological activity of synthetic subunits of streptococcus peptidoglycan. III. Relationship of subunit and analogue structure to adjuvant activity in cell-mediated immunity.
abstract: Each of a series of synthetic peptidoglycan subunits and subunit analogues was injected in combination with streptococcus type M24 antigen extract. The substances tested were: (8a) N-acetylmuramyldipeptide (MDP) and the following derivatives thereof: MDP modified in positions C3 and C4, or with L-alanine substituted by L-2-aminobutyric acid or with the peptide chain prolonged (by three lysines or a polylysine); (b) some synthetically prepared peptides: a hexapeptide, a tridecapeptide and an octadecapeptide. Configurations in positions C3 and C4 were found essential for the adjuvant effect. Adjuvant activity, though somewhat lower than in MDP, was pronounced in the analogue containing the L-2-aminobutyryl residue. Surprisingly, potent adjuvant effect was displayed by the hexapeptide; prolongation of the peptidic chain was not effective. The use of a polymeric carrier for MDP increased the adjuvant effect. Contrary to expectation, streptococcal antigens used with immunoadjuvant materials showed that induced delayed hypersensitivity was type related.
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000276:immunology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology*; D012882:Skin Tests; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000276:immunology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010457:Peptidoglycan; C014689:streptococcal M protein; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine