title: Effects of trifluoperazine on calcium binding by calmodulin. A microcalorimetric study.
abstract: Microcalorimetric titrations of calmodulin with Ca2+ and trifluoperazine (TFP) at various molar ratios have been carried out at 25 degrees C and at pH 7.0. Ca2+ binding to calmodulin produces heat (-delta H) in the presence of TFP, while heat is absorbed in the absence of TFP. The total heat produced by Ca2+ binding to all four sites is increased at increasing TFP-to-calmodulin ratios, attaining a plateau at about 7. These results indicate that at the higher ratios, the enthalpy changes (delta H) associated with Ca2+ binding are affected by TFP molecules bound at both high- and low-affinity sites. In addition, the Ca2+ binding reaction of the calmodulin-TFP complex is driven solely by a favorable enthalpy change of -27 kJ/mol of site; the entropy change (delta S) is -35 J/mol/K. These thermodynamic changes are opposite to those for TFP-free calmodulin and distinctly different from other Ca2+ binding proteins such as skeletal and cardiac troponin C and parvalbumin, where the reaction is driven by favorable changes of entropy as well as enthalpy.
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002118:Calcium; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002151:Calorimetry; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D014268:Trifluoperazine; D002118:Calcium