title: Reversibility of muscular ischemia: a histochemical quantification by the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test.
abstract: The degree of muscular ischemia and its reversibility can be quantified in the early stages. This histochemical enzymatic study utilized Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) which when reduced by tissue dehydrogenase produces a blue pigment: "formazan." Seventy Wistar rats were subjected to transient hindlimb ischemia by means of a tourniquet for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 hours, followed by reperfusion. Microsurgical muscle biopsies were obtained in each rat at 1 and 12 hours, and 3, 7, 14 days after reperfusion. Time increased in muscle staining demonstrated a succino-dehydrogenase deficit confirmed by clinical and histopathological follow-up. NBT staining time was 2 minutes (+/- 8 sec.) in the control group, between 2 and 6 minutes in the reversible ischemia group (rats with 3 and 6 hours of tourniquet), and more than 9 minutes (+/- 14 sec.) in the irreversible ischemia group (animals with more than 9 hours of tourniquet). In vascular surgery and in limb reimplantation this protocol is a practical method of evaluating cytoplasmic enzymatic activity and the status of myofibrillar oxidation in the early phases of ischemic injury, before histologic changes are clearly delineated.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007511:Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase