title: A new dosing regimen in renal insufficiency: application to cephalexin.
abstract: We describe a new method of drug dosage adjustment. The method simultaneously considers glomerular and tubular functions as parameters, because nonparallel decreases in both functions limit the use of the conventional endogenous creatinine clearance (CLCR) method for dosage adjustment. In the new method, CLCR and the 15-minute phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP15') test were used and applied to patients with renal insufficiency with cephalexin (CEX) as a model drug for renal tubular secretion. The results clearly demonstrate good control of plasma CEX concentrations by the CLCR-PSP15' method, whereas there were marked changes in plasma CEX levels with the CLCR method alone. Our method appears to be more useful for patients with renal impairment than the conventional CLCR method for CEX, which is mainly excreted in urine by renal tubular secretion. A nomogram for the CEX dosing interval is proposed for application to clinical practice.
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D002506:Cephalexin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008954:Models, Biological; D010637:Phenolsulfonphthalein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D010637:Phenolsulfonphthalein; D002506:Cephalexin