title: The cloned Streptomyces bikiniensis A-factor determinant.
abstract: By cleavage with restriction endonucleases and cloning the resultant fragments, the A-factor determinant cloned from streptomycin-producing Streptomyces bikiniensis (Horinouchi et al., J. Bacteriol. 158: 481 approximately 487, 1984) was narrowed down to a 1.1-kilobase (kb) fragment. A hybrid multicopy plasmid (pAFB15) carrying the 1.1-kb fragment conferred A-factor production in a large quantity to A-factor-deficient mutants of S. bikiniensis and Streptomyces griseus as well as afsA mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). A transcriptional control signal in the 1.1-kb fragment was identified by using a promoter-probe vector pARC 1. Plasmid pAFB15 also caused A-factor production with a marked gene dosage effect in four different Streptomyces strains which originally had no ability to produce A-factor and no DNA sequence homologous to the S. bikiniensis A-factor determinant, suggesting that precursors of A-factor are common metabolites in streptomycetes and that acquisition of only a single key enzyme encoded by the 1.1-kb fragment is sufficient for Streptomyces strains to synthesize A-factor.
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009876:Operon; D010957:Plasmids; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D006133:Growth Substances; C025035:A-factor (Streptomyces); D015107:4-Butyrolactone