Effect of acute standing and prolonged upright activity on left ventricular hemodynamics, systolic and diastolic intervals, and QT-QS2 relationship.
It is generally accepted that upright posture decreases preload and afterload, which could alter left ventricular (LV) performance. It is not known if changes occurring with acute standing persist after prolonged ambulatory activity (amb-act). In seven normal subjects echocardiographic end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters, percent shortening of the internal diameter (% delta D) and end-systolic wall stress (ES-WS), radionuclide diastolic volume and ejection fraction, preejection period over left ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET), and diastolic time and QT-QS2 were measured supine, within 1 to 2 minutes after standing and after prolonged (60 minutes) amb-act. In addition, serial measurements were performed in PEP/LVET for 105 minutes at 15-minute intervals. With acute standing, end-diastolic diameter, diastolic volume, and ES-WS decreased (p less than 0.01); heart rate and PEP/LVET increased (p less than 0.01); while % delta D and ejection fraction remained unchanged. There was an inverse correlation between change in PEP/LVET and diastolic diameter (r = -0.59), but no correlation between PEP/LVET and ES-WS. The diastolic time per beat and per minute decreased (375 +/- 115 msec from 519 +/- 176 msec [p less than 0.01] and 31.3 +/- 4.2 sec/min from 33.7 +/- 4.5 sec/min [p less than 0.01]). The QT-QS2 increased when compared to supine (-7 +/- 7.6 msec from -22 +/- 7.7 msec [p less than 0.005]), but the QT-QS2 relationship remained normal (QT less than or equal to QS2). All the dynamic changes that occurred with acute standing tended to persist during prolonged amb-act.
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003971:Diastole; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013599:Systole; D013997:Time Factors; D016276:Ventricular Function