Comparison of the vasoactivity of amide and ester local anaesthetics. An intradermal study.
The vascular effects and duration of action of two ester-linked local anaesthetics, procaine and amethocaine, and four amide-linked local anaesthetics, cinchocaine, lignocaine, mepivacaine and prilocaine, were investigated in 10 volunteers by intradermal injection using a double-blind technique. Procaine and amethocaine produced marked vasodilatation; weal formation was observed at 80% of the amethocaine injection sites. Mepivacaine had a marked vasoconstrictor effect; the other three agents produced more variable vasoactivity. Duration of action was concentration-dependent for all six drugs, the slopes of the log dose--duration plots reflecting the observed vasoactivity.
D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004952:Esters; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007428:Intradermal Tests; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004952:Esters