Dermal effects of compositions based on the eutectic mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine (EMLA). Studies in volunteers.
The effects of the cutaneous application of EMLA cream (a eutectic mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine in their base form) were studied in volunteers. When tested by pin-prick, EMLA cream 2.5% and 5% produced analgesia of the area tested, the cream being most effective if left in contact with the skin for 60 min. The pain produced by the insertion of an i.v. cannula was successfully blocked by the application of this formulation, especially if applied to the antecubital area. Temporary blanching of the skin areas was frequently observed on removal of the occlusive tape bandages, but prolonged, or repeated, application of 5% EMLA cream did not produce local skin reactions. Tests for delayed hypersensitivity reactions were negative. Plasma concentrations of lignocaine and prilocaine were low after a standard application.
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D008297:Male; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity
D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D011318:Prilocaine; D008012:Lidocaine