title: Sequelae of botulinum toxin injection.
abstract: A total of 136 injections was given to 83 patients for strabismus (99 injections), blepharospasm (29 injections), and spastic entropion (eight injections). All four patients with entropion experienced temporary benefits and early recurrence; one injection resulted in temporary paralytic ectropion. Two of 13 patients treated for blepharospasm developed transient bilateral blepharoptosis. Temporary and related sequelae of extraocular muscle injection included one periocular hemorrhage, one total ophthalmoplegia, and a 44% incidence (29 of 66 patients) of blepharoptosis, which in two patients lasted more than six months. Within three days of injection one patient developed homolateral acute herpes simplex keratitis and a second died of an acute myocardial infarction. No causal relationship for these events has been established.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004438:Ecchymosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D004774:Entropion / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007635:Keratitis, Dendritic / Q000139:chemically induced; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000139:chemically induced; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D013285:Strabismus / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins