title: Satiety signals from the gastrointestinal tract.
abstract: Experiments in rats with crossed intestines have shown that signals arising in a 30 cm segment of upper small intestine do not affect the short-term control of food intake. The combined stimulus of neural and hormonal signals arising in the crossed intestinal segment and of absorbed food do not inhibit intake during a subsequent meal. The relevant satiety signals must arise in either the stomach and upper duodenum or in the lower small intestine. A transplanted stomach study has shown that a hormone released from the stomach is responsible for the termination of a single meal. Other studies show that neural or hormonal signals coming from the lower small intestine are important in the regulation of total daily food intake and in the long-term regulation of body weight.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004063:Digestion; D004068:Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000502:physiology; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D051381:Rats; D012527:Satiation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones