Mechanisms of stimulated taurine release from nervous tissue.
Spontaneous taurine efflux from brain cells is strikingly slow and only moderately enhanced by either homo- or heteroexchange. A part of taurine release evoked by potassium depolarization from brain slices and synaptosomes is clearly calcium dependent when the enhancement of release--to a great extent from glial cells--induced by calcium-free media and calcium chelators is properly taken into account in evaluation. Sodium-free medium is the most effective means in provoking taurine efflux. It is suggested that normally the transmembrane sodium gradients aid in maintaining the high intracellular taurine concentrations.
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D009417:Nerve Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013654:Taurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
D013654:Taurine; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium