title: Euler buckling in a wheelbarrow obstacle course: a catastrophe with complex lag.
abstract: This article studies human physical work capacity under increasing load from a general systems theory perspective. There are several points of generalization between the structure of nonliving (building materials) and living systems (humans) with respect to stress, strain, and fatigue. A catastrophe model for Euler buckling was transposed and tested for human performance in a wheelbarrow obstacle course under varying loads. Subjects were 129 employees of a Midwest manufacturing plant. A cusp model was hypothesized and verified (R2 = .68, control R2 = .11) where vertical load was the asymmetry factor, and body balance, height, and sex-related differences all contributed to bifurcation. A catastrophe model in codimension 10 was also invoked to explain memory in the system. Principal control variables were exercise habits, weight, balance, and sex-related differences (R2 = .75). The core model of human load-to-failure was concluded to be similar to that for Euler buckling: additional complexities were discovered which were attributed in part to systemic memory. Discussion points included the use of large dimension catastrophe models for problems involving complex lag effects, and the transposability of the model to the organizational systemic level.
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D001827:Body Height; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007551:Isotonic Contraction; D008297:Male; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D008433:Mathematics; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion; D012737:Sex Factors; D013314:Stress, Mechanical