title: Oral tolerance--induction and modulation.
abstract: When the first encounter with an antigen is by the oral route several different immune responses can occur. The spectrum of effects on systemic immunity ranges from immunological hyporesponsiveness (oral tolerance) to active sensitisation (priming). In this paper, the immunological principles underlying these effects are discussed and circumstances which influence them are demonstrated, particular emphasis being placed on experimental work in adult and neonatal mice.
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D010047:Ovalbumin