Signal detection in industrial noise: effects of noise exposure history, hearing loss, and the use of ear protection.
The detection of one-third octave signals superimposed on backgrounds of steady-state and intermittent industrial noise of 84 dBA was investigated for observers with normal hearing or moderate to severe noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Variables included age, noise exposure history, configuration of the audiogram and the wearing of insert hearing protectors. Detection thresholds were obtained binaurally over headphones using a two- interval forced-choice procedure. For unprotected listening all observers showed a masked threshold of about 80 dBA for a one-third octave band cented at 3.15 kHz. Neither variation in noise exposure history nor configuration of the audiogram were significant factors. Using insert protectors in noise, observers with normal hearing showed an advantage on average of 3 dB. Those with NIHL gave masked detection thresholds greater than 100 dBA. Detection of a one-third octave band centred at 1 kHz by hearing-impaired observers with mild to moderate loss at 1 kHz was similar to that for normal observers. A model of the detection process was developed and evaluated.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001299:Audiometry; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D004430:Ear Protective Devices / Q000592:standards*; D006312:Hearing Loss, Bilateral / Q000175:diagnosis; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009622:Noise / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010898:Pitch Perception; D011482:Protective Devices / Q000592:standards*