title: Non-invasive assessment of endocrine differences in day-old chicks (Gallus domesticus) by analysis of the immunoreactive oestrogen excreted in the egg.
abstract: Oestrone, oestradiol and an uncharacterized polar fraction of oestrogenic substances were monitored by radioimmunoassay in Day-0 domesticated chickens (Gallus domesticus) after routine 21.5-day artificial incubation. Paired adrenals and gonads, blood serum and in-ovo excrement (allantoic urates plus cloacal expressions) were collected from 9 female and 10 male chicks. All samples were homogenized, hydrolysed and extracted with ether. Component oestrogens were isolated by celite:ethylene glycol column co-chromatography before assay. All egg excretory oestrogen measurements were higher (P less than 0.001) in females than in males. Oestradiol was the major excretory oestrogen in both sexes; oestradiol:oestrone ratios (mean +/- s.e.m.) in females and males were 18.45 +/- 2.42 and 3.03 +/- 0.37, respectively. Females had higher (P less than 0.01) total oestrogens for gonadal and adrenal homogenates and for blood serum samples than did the males; oestradiol was generally the major component.
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002845:Chromatography; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004970:Estrone / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol