title: Blood sampling from the venous occipital sinus of birds.
abstract: Venous occipital sinus blood sampling was demonstrated to be an effective nonlethal method in all species tested including ducks, geese, Chukar partridge, Japanese quail, pea-fowl, pheasants, parakeets, turkeys, and chickens. Maximum blood volume obtained from the occipital sinus of 1-day-old chicks equalled the volume obtained by cardiac puncture and exceeded the volume collected by decapitation. Venous occipital sinus puncture was successfully used to rapidly collect several successive blood samples from individual birds, thus indicating the method's utility for serial blood sampling. Hematocrit values, as well as infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease virus antibody titers measured in blood samples drawn from the occipital sinus and the brachial vein, were compared. Significant correlation coefficients between the two blood sources for each of the variables measured suggest that occipital sinus blood sampling may be substituted for venipuncture for many routine measurements.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D001717:Birds / Q000097:blood*; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D002645:Chickens; D003370:Coturnix; D004372:Ducks; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000098:blood supply*; D005777:Geese; D006400:Hematocrit; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D010240:Parakeets; D011201:Poultry Diseases; D014422:Turkeys; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral