title: Stroma-free methemoglobin solution: an effective antidote for acute cyanide poisoning.
abstract: Several aspects of stroma-free methemoglobin solution (SFMS) as a cyanide antidote were investigated using a rat model. Stroma-free methemoglobin solution was more than 90% effective against multiples of the LD90 of cyanide up to and including four times the LD90 and approximately 50% effective against multiples up to and including eight times the LD90. Highly concentrated solutions of SFMS (33 g/dl) did not differ significantly from less concentrated solutions of SFMS (16 g/dl) when compared on the basis of efficacy. Administration of large doses of SFMS alone resulted in no apparent morbidity or mortality. It could be that SFMS is a safe and effective alternative antidote for the treatment of cyanide poisoning.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003486:Cyanides / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D008297:Male; D008706:Methemoglobin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D003486:Cyanides; D012996:Solutions; D008706:Methemoglobin