title: Cholera antibody production in vitro by peripheral blood lymphocytes following oral immunization of humans and mice.
abstract: We have studied specific antibody production from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) after oral cholera immunization of humans and mice. Two oral immunizations with cholera toxin (CT) in mice or a single dose of the combined cholera B-subunit/whole cell vaccine in humans gave rise to PBL which spontaneously secreted cholera-specific antibodies when cultured in vitro. A high proportion of IgA antibodies was seen in contrast to antibodies produced by PBL after parenteral immunization which were predominantly IgG. Cultured PBL produced antitoxin as well as anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies after oral immunization, whereas serum only revealed titre rises for anti-CT. Antibody-secreting PBL appeared in the blood 2-4 days after immunization and persisted for about two weeks with a peak after 6-8 days. Mitogen stimulation in vitro of PBL from multiply-orally vaccinated humans activated a population of specific IgM antibody-secreting cells which persisted for several months following immunization, suggesting the presence of long-lived memory cells. The analysis of IgA antibody production from in-vitro cultured PBL seems to be a promising technique to assess the local immunogenicity of oral vaccines.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000921:Antibody-Producing Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D000992:Antitoxins / Q000032:analysis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002771:Cholera / Q000276:immunology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000992:Antitoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D002772:Cholera Toxin