Epidemic postsurgical Candida parapsilosis endophthalmitis. Clinical findings and management of 15 consecutive cases.
Fifteen cases of postoperative Candida parapsilosis endophthalmitis occurring secondary to a contaminated lot of an irrigating solution were studied. All patients underwent a vitreous tap or diagnostic and therapeutic vitrectomy. Eleven of the 15 specimens were positive for the organism. Fourteen patients were treated with pars plana vitrectomy surgery. All patients were treated with intravitreal amphotericin B and systemic amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine. Two clinical recurrences were successfully treated with intravitreal amphotericin B, removal of the pseudophakos, and oral ketoconazole. The intraocular lens was retained in 11 of the 14 pseudophakic patients. Final visual acuities ranged from 20/25 to no light perception with eight of 15 patients having 20/60 or better visual acuities. Measurable levels of intraocular amphotericin B were found after systemic amphotericin B administration. Two patients with totals of 20 and 30 micrograms of intravitreal amphotericin B over 48 and 96 hours, respectively, had near normal ERGs one year later. Posterior capsulotomy and vitrectomy appear to decrease amphotericin B toxicity and allow sequential intraocular injection of this drug within a short time period.
D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation
D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D000666:Amphotericin B; D005437:Flucytosine; D007654:Ketoconazole