title: Net tubular secretion of bicarbonate by the alligator kidney. Antimammalian response to acetazolamide.
abstract: Net tubular secretion of bicarbonate by the alligator kidney was demonstrated during acute clearance experiments where the animals were infused with an isosmotic solution of one-half 5% mannitol and one-half 0.9% NaCl. Tubular secretion of bicarbonate averaged 3.38 mumoles/min in animals with a mean wt of 1.0 kg. During these experiments, mean tubular secretion of urate was 0.51 mumole/min and urinary ammonia excretion was 4.3 mumoles/min. Urinary pNH3 was high and ranged from 22,231 to 41,223 mm Hg X 10(-6). The administration of acetazolamide 25 mg/kg resulted in abolition of bicarbonate secretion, which was replaced by bicarbonate reabsorption. At the same time, the tubular secretion of urate fell by 70% and the excretion of ammonia fell by 77%. This is the first time that net tubular secretion of bicarbonate is demonstrated in a living animal. Acetazolamide has an antimammalian effect. It is proposed that the alligator that lives with a low plasma bicarbonate concentration (10 mM) possesses a kidney in which the renal tubular cells secrete bicarbonate in the tubular lumen and hydrogen at the peritubular site, in contrast to that which takes place in mammalia and other animal species.
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000489:Alligators and Crocodiles / Q000502:physiology*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000652:urine; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D012104:Reptiles / Q000502:physiology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002712:Chlorides; D000641:Ammonia; D012964:Sodium; D000086:Acetazolamide; D011188:Potassium