title: Regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity by malonyl-CoA in mitochondria from sheep liver, a tissue with a low capacity for fatty acid synthesis.
abstract: The characteristics of inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I by malonyl-CoA were studied for the enzyme in mitochondria isolated from sheep liver, a tissue with a very low rate of fatty acid synthesis. Malonyl-CoA was as potent in inhibiting the sheep liver enzyme as in inhibiting the enzyme in rat liver mitochondria. CPT I in guinea-pig liver mitochondria was also similarly inhibited. The inhibition showed the same time-dependent characteristics previously established for the rat liver enzyme. Methylmalonyl-CoA was as effective an inhibitor of CPT I as malonyl-CoA in sheep liver mitochondria, but did not affect CPT I activity in mitochondria from rat or guinea-pig liver. The concentrations of malonyl-CoA required to inhibit CPT I in sheep liver mitochondria in vitro were similar to those found in freeze-clamped sheep liver samples (about 7 nmol of malonyl-CoA/g wet wt.). In sheep liver cells the content of malonyl-CoA was only one-tenth of that observed in vivo when glucose only was added to the incubation medium. Inclusion of acetate and/or insulin increased the malonyl-CoA content about 10-fold, to values similar to those observed in vivo. The rate of fatty acid synthesis in sheep liver cells was about 1% of that observed in rat liver, but was correlated with the concentrations of malonyl-CoA in the cells under various incubation conditions. These observations are discussed in relation to (i) the regulatory role of malonyl-CoA in tissues that have a low capacity for fatty acid synthesis, and (ii) the utilization by sheep liver of propionate as a gluconeogenic precursor.
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008316:Malonyl Coenzyme A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012756:Sheep; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008316:Malonyl Coenzyme A; D000217:Acyltransferases; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase