title: [Experimental and clinical research on the antidote properties of nivalin in acute atropine poisoning].
abstract: The anticholinesterase properties of nivalin, its low toxicity and penetration through the blood-liquor barrier make it an adequate agent for the treatment of acute atropine intoxications. Regardless of all that it is not mentioned in our toxicological literature and is not used in the clinical practice. iNivalin in doses 0.25-0.5 mg/100 g body mass was applied experimentally to guinea pigs previously treated with atropine with determined LD100. The animals that survived reached 31.1%. Later, nivalin was subcutaneously, intramuscularly and intravenous applied, according to a definite schedule--from 0.05 to 0.25 mg/kg body mass, to 20 subjects, aged from 4 to 43 with acute atropine intoxications. A fast and good effect was reported, particularly as regards the manifestations of the CNS, allowing the reduction of the rest of the therapy. No allergic and toxic manifestations were observed. Nivalin is concluded to be an antidote of choice in the treatment of acute intoxications of that type.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001285:Atropine / Q000506:poisoning*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D005702:Galantamine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D005702:Galantamine; D001285:Atropine
vernacular_title: Eksperimentalno i klinichno prouchvane vŭrkhu antidotnite svoĭstva na nivalina pri ostrite atropinovi intoksikatsii.