Haemoglobin-catalysed retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidation.
Examination of the subcellular distribution of retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidase activity in rat liver and human liver homogenates showed that there is a prominent peak of activity in a high-density fraction. A corresponding peak was also detected in rat blood and human blood. Retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidation was catalysed by human blood cells but not by human plasma, and purified human haemoglobin also catalysed the epoxidation of retinoic acid to 5,6-epoxyretinoic acid. These results suggest that retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidase activity in human liver and rat liver homogenates is partially due to the presence of residual blood cells, and particularly haemoglobin, in the homogenates. In the retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidation catalysed by human haemoglobin, molecular O2 was required and its reaction was stimulated by Triton X-100. Boiling of haemoglobin solution resulted in an 94% decrease in the activity. NADPH (1 mM) and NADH (1 mM) completely [2-mercaptoethanol (5 mM) almost completely] inhibited the 5,6-epoxidation catalysed by haemoglobin, but catalase, superoxide dismutase and mannitol showed no inhibitory effect. CN- ion (100 mM) inhibited the reaction, but N3- ion (100 mM) did not.
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*
D006454:Hemoglobins; D014212:Tretinoin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C022767:retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidase