Antihepatotoxic actions of gingerols and diarylheptanoids.
The antihepatotoxic effects of gingerols, shogaols, diarylheptanoids and related analogues were assessed utilizing carbon tetrachloride- and galactosamine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Most congeners exhibited significant actions in these assay methods. The carbon tetrachloride assay appeared to be most useful in defining structure-activity relationships. The antihepatotoxic activity of gingerols and shogaols was dependent on the length of the side chain with the [7]- and [8]-companions eliciting the strongest activity. The gingerols exerted more intense activity than the corresponding shogaols. In the diarylheptanoids, introduction of hydroxyl groupings on the phenyl rings caused increased activity; however, the effect of the positions and number of hydroxyls on activity was variable depending on the carbon skeleton.
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D002396:Catechols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000633:toxicity; D006536:Heptanes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats
D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D006536:Heptanes; D005688:Galactosamine; C040115:shogaol; C007845:gingerol; D000410:Alanine Transaminase