title: A multimodal approach to the treatment of agoraphobia: four case studies.
abstract: It is argued that while in vivo exposure methods may be the treatments of choice for the agoraphobic patient, other approaches may be required for complete or significant symptom-removal. Four females, each meeting the DSM-III criteria for a diagnosis of agoraphobic disorder, were treated with in vivo exposure. However, for three of the four patients symptom removal occurred only when other methods were employed on an as-required basis for each particular patient. Two of the four patients were asymptomatic both at post-treatment and follow-ups. Over the course of the treatment, the remaining two patients made gains which were essentially maintained at the follow-ups.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000628:therapy*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000628:therapy*