Nitrosation of quaternary ammonium compounds in vivo in the Wistar rat.
Animals dosed orally with nitrite (1.5 X 10(-3) mol/kg) and nonyl dimethylbenzylammonium bromide (2.9 X 10(-4) mol/kg) exhibit liver damage within two hours; cetyl trimethylammonium bromide plus nitrite was not significantly hepatotoxic. Both nonyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium bromide and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide were demethylated by rat-liver microsomal preparations; substrate concentrations of 1 mM or more were inhibitory. Bile from rats given i.p. doses of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, nonyl dimethylbenzylammonium bromide or dodecyl dimethylbenzylammonium bromide contains only metabolites, no unchanged compounds were detected.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains / Q000378:metabolism*
D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D009573:Nitrites; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C047191:nonyl dimethylbenzylammonium; C015163:dimethyldodecylbenzylammonium; D000077286:Cetrimonium