title: Inactivation of influenza and other viruses by a mixture of virucidal compounds.
abstract: A mixture of benzalkonium chloride, Triton X100, and citric acid (Resiguard F) had a marked virucidal effect on lipid-containing deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid viruses, such as vaccinia virus, herpesvirus, and influenza virus. Adenoviruses and picornaviruses were more resistant to inactivation. Electron microscopy showed that influenza particles became aggregated in the presence of Resiguard F and that the outer fringe of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase spikes seen in control virus preparations became indistinct. The mixture had no detectable antiviral activity in mice infected with influenza AO/PR/8/34 virus, and this was attributed to the reduced virucidal effect of Resiguard F in the presence of serum proteins.
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002951:Citrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009439:Neuraminidase; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D010772:Phosphotungstic Acid; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012672:Semliki forest virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013395:Sucrose; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002951:Citrates; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D010772:Phosphotungstic Acid; D013395:Sucrose; D009439:Neuraminidase