title: Comparison of antidotal efficacy of chelating agents upon acute toxicity of Co(II) in mice.
abstract: The relative efficacy of 14 chelating agents in alleviating acute cobalt (II) chloride (ip) intoxication has been determined. For a level of 0.70 mmol/kg ip of CoCl2 (slightly higher than its LD50), the ip administration of chelating agents at a 2:1 and 5:1 mole ratio resulted in a significant antidotal action for L-cysteine, N-acetyl-cysteine, L-histidine,glutathione,D,L-penicillamine, DMSA, DTPA and EDTA. For a level of 1.18 mmol/kg ip of CoCl2 (slightly higher than its LD99) only L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine,glutathione, DMSA, DTPA and EDTA resulted in a significant enhancement of the survival rate. The therapeutic indices of these compounds were respectively: 8.3, 11.8, 10.9, 9.1, 20.5 and 26.4; with EDTA and DTPA being the most effective. However, due to their low toxicity, N-acetylcysteine and glutathione should be considered as possible alternatives.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003035:Cobalt / Q000506:poisoning*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002614:Chelating Agents; D003035:Cobalt