title: Comparative biochemical and immunological studies of bacterial glutamine synthetases.
abstract: Antisera prepared against adenylylated and unadenylylated Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase cross-reacted with the glutamine synthetases from a number of gram-negative bacteria and one gram-variable species as demonstrated by immunodiffusion and inhibition of enzyme activity. In contrast, the antisera did not cross-react with the glutamine synthetases from gram-positive bacteria (with one exception) nor with the synthetases of higher organisms. Modification of the various glutamine synthetases by covalent attachment of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (or other nucleotides) was tested for by determining whether or not snake venom phosphodiesterase altered catalytic activity in a manner similar to its effect on adenylylated E. coli glutamine synthetase. Only the activity of the glutamine synthetases from gram-negative bacteria grown with specific levels of nitrogen sources could be altered by snake venom phosphodiesterase. In addition, a relative order of antigenic homology between cross-reacting enzymes was suggested based on the patterns of spur formation in the immunodiffusion assay.
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D003168:Complement Fixation Tests; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000378:metabolism; D007106:Immune Sera; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits / Q000276:immunology; D012911:Snakes; D013045:Species Specificity; D014688:Venoms; D005719:gamma-Globulins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D007106:Immune Sera; D014688:Venoms; D005719:gamma-Globulins; D008345:Manganese; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; D008274:Magnesium