title: Influence of immunization procedures on upper respiratory tract immunity in cattle.
abstract: Aspects of respiratory tract immunity have been investigated in the bovine species. Using Past. hemolytica type I as the antigen for this model the relationship of nasal and serum antibody production to the route of vaccination and type of vaccine was investigated in a series of 15 dairy calves from two to four months of age. Experimental results indicated that an aerosol vaccination with live Past. hemolytica resulted in a significant nasal antibody response while parenterally vaccinated gave calves with equivalent serum titers had no significant nasal antibody response.
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D000941:Antigens; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology*; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D009666:Nose / Q000276:immunology*; D010325:Pasteurella / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000906:Antibodies; D000941:Antigens; D014612:Vaccines