title: Studies on the physiological chemistry of the tibio-tarsal synovial fluid of healthy bovines.
abstract: The physical properties, chemical composition and cytological content of the synovial fluid of healthy native breed cattle, obtained by tibio-tarsal arthrocentesis, was studied. Normally the synovial fluid of bovines is a clear, colourless or straw coloured, viscous, non-coagulable liquid with a normal mucin precipitate quality. The fluid is alkaline in reaction and with a lower specific gravity than serum. Bovine tibio-tarsal fluid exhibits no erythrocytes and presents a low leucocytic count which is dominated by lymphocytes and monocytes. Compared to bovine serum, synovial fluid contains almost the same levels of sugar, urea, creatinine and phosphorous; slightly lower calcium concentration and rather higher chlorides. The fluid is devoid of any traces of bilirubin. Young calves showed a significantly lower total leucocyte number, chloride level and sugar content and a higher calcium and inorganic phosphorous than bulls.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000032:analysis; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis; D003401:Creatine / Q000032:analysis; D007962:Leukocytes; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000166:cytology*; D013640:Tarsal Joints; D014508:Urea / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D002712:Chlorides; D010758:Phosphorus; D014508:Urea; D003401:Creatine; D001663:Bilirubin; D002118:Calcium