title: Force, shortening, and work in muscular contraction: relative contributions to overall energy utilization.
abstract: The amounts of energy used during muscular contraction under different loads have been compared by measurement of the total amount of disturbance of the concentration of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide during the period of oxidative recovery. The results are in quantitative agreement with the concept that three parameters determine the energy utilization: namely the time-integral of the force development, the time-integral of the shortening process, and the mechanical work.
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism*; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010725:Phosphocreatine; D009243:NAD; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate