title: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate in bacteria.
abstract: Both cyclic AMP and a specific inducer acting in concert are required for the synthesis of many inducible enzymes in E. coli. Little enzyme is made in the absence of either. In contrast to the specific inducers which stimulate the synthesis only of the proteins required for their metabolism, cyclic AMP controls the synthesis of many proteins. Glucose and certain other carbohydrates decrease the differential rate of synthesis of inducible enzymes by lowering cyclic AMP concentrations. In the lac operon, cyclic AMP acts at the promoter site to facilitate initiation of transcription. This action requires another protein, the cyclic AMP receptor protein. The nucleotide stimulates tryptophanase synthesis at a translational level. The action of cyclic AMP in E. coli may serve as a model to understand its action on transcriptional and translational processes in eukaryotes.
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002474:Cell-Free System; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000201:enzymology; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004794:Enzyme Repression / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D005696:Galactosidases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005815:Genetic Code / Q000187:drug effects; D005827:Genetics, Microbial; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006836:Hydro-Lyases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D008190:Lyases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008967:Molecular Biology; D009154:Mutation; D009876:Operon / Q000187:drug effects; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011511:Proteus / Q000201:enzymology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000201:enzymology; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000201:enzymology; D014166:Transferases / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D014166:Transferases; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D005696:Galactosidases; D008190:Lyases; D006836:Hydro-Lyases; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D005947:Glucose; D007785:Lactose