title: Comparative metabolism and selectivity of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides.
abstract: The comparative metabolism and toxicity of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides are reviewed with the purpose of assessing our present ability to design new toxicants with improved selectivity. The occurrence of quantitative and qualitative differences in metabolism in vertebrates and insects is considered and an assessment is made of the role of metabolic activation and degradation in the complex interactions governing toxicity.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D002118:Calcium; D002219:Carbamates / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D003640:Dealkylation; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005978:Glutathione; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D007313:Insecta; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008345:Manganese; D051379:Mice; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012487:Salmonidae; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D008345:Manganese; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D005978:Glutathione; D002118:Calcium