title: Enhancement by carbachol of transmitter release from motor nerve terminals.
abstract: In the endplates of rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm, application of the acetylcholine-like compound, carbachol, causes a marked increase in transmitter release, as measured electrophysiologically using miniature endplate potential frequency. Washing out of carbachol reverses the increase in frequency. The ability of carbachol to increase transmitter release is greatly enhanced by perfusion of the preparation with Ringer solution containing elevated K(+). At concentrations of carbachol greater than 30 muM, the onset of the postjunctional blocking action of carbachol is too rapid and obscures the increase in miniature potential frequency. The rate of increase in transmitter release is dependent on the concentration of carbachol applied and can be antagonized by d-tubocurarine (10-60 nM) and other blocking compounds. These findings, in contrast to previous reports, indicate that cholinergic nerve endings, like adrenergic nerve endings, respond to applied acetylcholine-like drugs with measurable increases in transmitter output.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000187:drug effects*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000378:metabolism; D009489:Neurosecretion / Q000187:drug effects; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002217:Carbachol; D000109:Acetylcholine; D011188:Potassium