title: Microbiological testing of Skylab foods.
abstract: The Skylab manned space flight program presented unique food microbiology problems. This challenge was successfully met by careful evaluation of the total Skylab food system by considering the nature of Skylab foods, their processing and handling, and Skylab food safety requirements. Some of the unique problems encountered with the Skylab foods involved: extended storage times, variations in storage temperatures, no opportunity to resupply or charge foods after launch of the Skylab Workshop, first use of frozen foods in space, first use of a food-warming device in weightlessness, relatively small size of production lots requiring statistically valid sampling plans, and use of the food as an accurately controlled segment of sophisticated life science experiments. Consideration of all of these situations generated the need for definitive microbiological tests and test limits. These tests are described in this paper along with the rationale for their selection. Test results are reported which show successful compliance with the test limits.
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001628:Beverages; D003016:Clostridium perfringens / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003030:Coagulase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005506:Food Contamination; D005511:Food Handling; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005519:Food Preservation; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D012034:Refrigeration; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013026:Space Flight; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D003030:Coagulase