title: The separation of electrons and protons during electron transfer: the distinction between membrane potentials and transmembrane gradients.
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D001692:Biological Transport; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D003580:Cytochromes / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport; D004735:Energy Transfer; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008433:Mathematics; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008954:Models, Biological; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011809:Quinones / Q000378:metabolism; D013386:Succinates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003580:Cytochromes; D011809:Quinones; D013386:Succinates; D009243:NAD; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D003300:Copper; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate