title: Effects of ganglion blocking agents on nicotine extensor convulsions and lethality in mice.
abstract: 1. The ganglion blocking agents, chlorisondamine, pentamethonium, mecamylamine, decamethonium and hexamethonium all block nicotine extensor convulsions when administered intraventricularly in mice. Tetraethylammonium was inactive.2. For the intraventricular route, there is a relationship between ganglionic blocking potency and blocking of nicotine extensor convulsions. Indirect evidence suggests that the site(s) of action of nicotine extensor convulsions and lethality is central in origin and associated with brain areas near the ventricles.3. When ganglion blocking agents are given orally, subcutaneously or intravenously varying degrees of protection can be observed probably depending on factors such as whether or not the drugs cross the blood-brain barrier, absorption, etc., and the effectiveness in protecting mice from nicotine is not related to ganglionic blocking potency.4. Atropine and morphine given intraventricularly or subcutaneously did not protect mice from the LD95 of nicotine. Chlorpromazine gave very erratic results and phenobarbitone was effective subcutaneously and to a lesser extent intraventricularly.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles; D002714:Chlorisondamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003650:Decamethonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D005730:Ganglionic Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D003650:Decamethonium Compounds; D005730:Ganglionic Blockers; D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds; D008464:Mecamylamine; D009538:Nicotine; D009020:Morphine; D001285:Atropine; D002714:Chlorisondamine; D002746:Chlorpromazine; D010634:Phenobarbital