title: Codeine and its alternates for pain and cough relief . 4. Potential alternates for cough relief.
abstract: In this report-the fourth of a series on codeine and its alternates for pain and cough relief-an attempt is made to evaluate, on the basis of experimental and clinical data, and wherever possible in comparison with codeine, the effectiveness of a number of antitussive substances currently in clinical use. In the discussion of the undesired side-effects particular attention is paid to the risk of dependence and abuse.
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002415:Cats; D003061:Codeine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003371:Cough / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008691:Methadone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D009019:Morphinans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010640:Phenothiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000996:Antitussive Agents; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D007546:Isoquinolines; D009019:Morphinans; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010640:Phenothiazines; D008614:Meperidine; D008691:Methadone; D003061:Codeine