title: Effects of chemicals on receptors and horizontal cells in the retina.
abstract: 1. By applying atomized chemical solutions on to gecko and carp retinae, neuropharmacological reactions of the photoreceptors and horizontal cells were observed.2. Sodium L-glutamate and L-aspartate, glycine, ACh and GABA, had no appreciable effect on the photoreceptor activity.3. Carp horizontal cells were depolarized by both L-glutamate and L-aspartate. When maximally depolarized, the action of the endogenous transmitter from the receptor terminals was completely masked, resulting in abolition of the S-potentials.4. Responses to red light in both L- and C-type horizontal cells were more strongly affected by aspartate than responses to blue light.5. Glycine and GABA hyperpolarized the horizontal cells, and the S-potentials were diminished.6. ACh had no effect on the activity of the horizontal cells.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D003116:Color; D003530:Cyprinidae; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004596:Electroretinography; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008116:Lizards; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000613:Aminobutyrates; D005971:Glutamates; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine; D005998:Glycine