Inorganic and metal-organic growth requirements of the genus Bacteroides.
The inorganic and metal-organic growth requirements of ruminal and nonruminal Bacteroides species were compared. The heme requirement of many nonruminal Bacteroides species was similar to that of Bacteroides ruminicola subsp. ruminicola and was a general tetrapyrrole requirement. Some nonruminal Bacteroides species utilized succinate or alpha-ketoglutarate, as well as tetrapyrrole-containing compounds, in place of heme. Fe(+) as well as heme was required for maximal yields of some Bacteroides species. The divalent cation requirements of Bacteroides species are complex. Mg(2+) deletion from a medium containing Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Co(2+), and Mn(2+) reduced the yields of all isolates. Ca(2+) deletion from the same medium reduced the growth yields of Bacteroides fragilis, B. fundiliformis, and one strain of B. oralis. The effects of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) on the growth of Bacteroides isolates was influenced by other divalent cations. Relatively large quantities of Na(+) were obligately required by all of the currently recognized predominant rumen Bacteroides species. Nonruminal Bacteroides species either did not require Na(+) or required only small amounts. The Na(+) requirement of some nonruminal Bacteroides species could be partially replaced by Li(+) or Cs(+). The Na(+) requirement of rumen Bacteroides species was absolute. The inorganic and metal-organic growth requirements of Bacteroides species appear useful as aids in species differentiation.
D000818:Animals; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003035:Cobalt / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013386:Succinates; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism
D003470:Culture Media; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids; D010710:Phosphates; D011758:Pyrroles; D013386:Succinates; D013431:Sulfates; D003035:Cobalt; D006418:Heme; D008345:Manganese; D012964:Sodium; D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium