title: The rib spreader: a chapter in the history of thoracic surgery.
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D013502:General Surgery / Q000266:history*; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D012272:Ribs / Q000601:surgery; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000266:history*; D013903:Thoracic Surgery; D013909:Thorax / Q000601:surgery*; D014481:United States