title: The effect of some molecules and ions on gastric function in the milk-fed calf.
abstract: 1. The abomasum of the milk-fed calf has been examined using an adaptation of the Serial Test Meal method devised by Hunt & Spurrell (1951). The emptying process, acid secretion and pepsin secretion were studied.2. Using serial test meals of simple solutions instilled into the abomasum via a cannula, our investigation leaves no doubt that the osmolarity of the abomasal contents significantly modifies the rate of abomasal emptying.3. Hypotonic and isotonic solutions of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate increase abomasal emptying but bicarbonate is most effective.4. Increasing the concentration of solutes in the abomasal contents slows abomasal emptying. Sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride and urea do not delay abomasal emptying until hypertonic concentrations are attained. Hypotonic solutions of potassium chloride, calcium chloride, glucose, lactose, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid delay abomasal emptying.5. The results obtained in the calf show that the abomasum is under restraint probably from duodenal receptors as is the simple stomach (Hunt & Knox, 1968) and that an osmoreceptor as postulated by Hunt (1956) is an important factor in this mechanism.6. Acid secretion is inhibited when hypertonic solutions are instilled into the abomasum.7. Pepsin secretion is not affected by simple solutions in the abomasum.8. Gastric function in the milk-fed calf appears to be controlled by mechanisms essentially similar to those already demonstrated in the simple stomach.
mesh_terms: D000018:Abomasum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000378:metabolism*; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007785:Lactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001639:Bicarbonates; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D010434:Pepsin A; D007785:Lactose; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid