title: Oral or written language: the consequences for cognitive development in Africa, the United States and England.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa; D001741:Black or African American; D044383:Black People; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004493:Education; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D012675:Senegal; D012923:Social Class; D013060:Speech; D014481:United States